Maxbrunnen (Bad Kissingen)
The Bad Kissinger Maxbrunnen with the spring temple built in 1911 is located at the address Am Kurgarten 8 in Bad Kissingen , the major district town of the Lower Franconian district of Bad Kissingen , is one of the Bad Kissingen architectural monuments and is under the number D-6-72-114-3 registered in the Bavarian monument list .
history
The fountain
The Maxbrunnen, first vouched for in 1520, is the oldest drinking source in the town. It is a sodium chloride acid. When it was first mentioned in 1520, the Maxbrunnen, then simply called "Sauerbrunnen", was regularly visited by the Würzburg canons and a little later, during the second half of the 16th century, it was the subject of scientific research.
Around 1575/80, the Würzburg prince-bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn had the spring version redesigned. Another new version was made in a similar construction in 1678. As part of the redesign of the spa facilities (1737/38) by the Würzburg master builder Balthasar Neumann under Prince-Bishop Friedrich Karl von Schönborn-Buchheim , the Baroque- style Maxbrunnen was included in the area of the spa facilities.
As part of a renovation in 1815, a deep, oval fountain ground floor with two concentric flights of stairs was created. As part of this renovation, the source was renamed after the Bavarian King Maximilian I Joseph .
A cast-iron drinking hall was added to the north side in 1841/1842 .
Source temple
As part of the redesign and expansion of the spa facilities in 1910/11, the current source temple was built in 1911 in the classicizing Art Nouveau style by architect Max Littmann .
It is a temple-like mansard roof building with sandstone cladding and a portico to the west and east . The source temple is axially opposite the arcade structure built by Friedrich von Gärtner . The western portico faces the spa garden, the eastern one faces the Kurhausstrasse that runs along it . The side of the temple facing the spa garden was originally used to dispense the well water. Well water for public use can be taken from the side facing Kurhausstraße.
The project started in 1908. As early as November 5, 1908, Thiele & Hörig, a company specializing in well construction from Heidelberg, which was responsible for the design of the well system, confirmed that it “took note with great interest that the planning of the construction work and the pavilion over the Maxbrunnen Professor Littmann in Munich was transferred to the entire system after a completely new disposition ”. Littmann made initial preparations by inquiring at the Bad Kissingen agricultural office for details, including the materials of the floor, the flood level, the groundwater level and the urban sewer.
Littmann was able to submit his plans to the Bavarian Ministry of Finance as early as December 1908. However, concerns of the building police authority and the city council of Bad Kissingen delayed the project, who feared that the source temple could be too high and block the unobstructed view of the spa garden. In the Treasury Department, these concerns were not shared. Nevertheless, the construction work was postponed several times; Max Littmann's building plans from May 25, 1910 have come down to us. The source temple was finally completed on April 18, 1912.
Even after the spring temple was completed, Max Littmann's help was needed when it came to the fact that more and more spring water was being taken by outsiders and that this should only be allowed for citizens of Bad Kissingen. Max Littmann advocated a corresponding notice board made of bronze and with raised letters, which should be sunk in sandstone so that it was flush with the wall. No such notice board has survived; whether it was ever made is not known.
architecture
The Maxbrunnen is exactly opposite the arcade building built by Friedrich von Gärtner . It consists of gray-green sandstone and is a small cubic building with a mansard roof and slightly bulged, vertically structured and windowed side walls. The Maxbrunnen is designed in the classicizing Art Nouveau architecture typical of Littmann .
There is a portico with ionizing, fluted pillars on both the front and the back (facing the street or the spa garden) . There are medallions with depictions of aquatic animals on the pillars . In the interior facing the spa garden there is a cloister vault with a finely structured square stucco , in which the well water was originally poured. On the side of the pavilion facing the street there are taps for the public withdrawal of well water.
literature
- Denis André Chevalley, Stefan Gerlach: City of Bad Kissingen (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume VI.75 / 2 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-87490-577-2 , p. 12 f .
- The Kissinger sources - a historical outline , in: Thomas Ahnert, Peter Weidisch (ed.): 1200 years Bad Kissingen, 801–2001, facets of a city's history . Festschrift for the anniversary year and accompanying volume for the exhibition of the same name. Special publication of the Bad Kissingen city archive. Verlag TA Schachenmayer, Bad Kissingen 2001, ISBN 3-929278-16-2 , pp. 75-79
- Cornelia Oelwein: Max Littmann (1862–1931): Architect • Architect • Entrepreneur , special publications of the Bad Kissingen City Archives, Volume 7, edited by Peter Weidisch, Michael Imhof Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-865-68-923-8 , Pp. 324-326
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ StA Wü LBA Bad Kissingen 316
- ↑ StBA SW plans Maxbrunnen
- ^ Letter from Littmann of February 5, 1015; StA WÜ LBA Bad Kissingen 316
Coordinates: 50 ° 11 ′ 52.3 " N , 10 ° 4 ′ 34.64" E