Melchior Junius

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Melchior Junius

Melchior Junius, also Jung, Jungk, Guncaeus (born October 27, 1545 in Wittenberg , † January 23, 1604 in Strasbourg ), was a German rhetorician and humanist.

Life

Melchior Junius was born as the son of the rector of the Wittenberg city school Melchior Jung († April 29, 1561 in Senftenberg) and his wife Anna, the daughter of Johann Mantel II . His father, who came from Graustein near Spremberg in Brandenburg, had studied at the University of Wittenberg from the winter semester of 1539 and had become rector of the Wittenberg city school in 1540. Here he earned his master's degree in 1541 and married in the summer of the same year.

His son had not yet reached the age of two, he moved with the family in 1547 as school principal to Crossen , where he stayed until 1550. He returned to the Wittenberg University in 1551, continued theological studies and his son began to attend school in Wittenberg. In 1553 his father was ordained pastor in Calau and moved to Senftenberg with the family in the same position in 1556 . In 1559 his son went to the grammar school in Strasbourg , which was under the rectorate of Johannes Sturm . In 1556 the Strasbourg Academy emerged from the grammar school and Junius began his studies there.

After earning a master's degree in 1574 , he went on a trip to the most important university cities in France , Flanders and Holland . When he returned to Strasbourg, he became professor of rhetoric and was the permanent rector of the Strasbourg Academy from 1581 until the university introduced the annual rectorate in 1593. The extensive tasks that he handled day and night in his position also had an impact on his health. In 1600 he suffered a stroke due to overwork, had to struggle with the following symptoms of paralysis for some time, did not recover from it and died.

Act

Based on Sturm's eloquence theory of Cicero, Junius revised it and set new accents in this revision. In addition to lectures on the ancient sources of rhetoric, he took care of the practical speech exercises of the students, which he put together from Aristotelian political science and the ancient historians. His work characterizes an independent possibility in the scientific history of German late humanism. His political science statements are not based too much on the law, as was customary at the time, but also illustrate the ethical - humanistic component.

Selection of works

  • Actus tres Academiae reipublicae Argentoratensis I classicorum, II baccalaureorum, III magistrorum ..., 1578
  • In oratorem MT Ciceronis ad M. Brutum scholae, 1585
  • Methodus eloquentiae…, 1585 and more often
  • Orationes aliquot ex Herodoti, Thucydidis, Xenophontis Livii itidem Caesaris et Salustii historiis…, 1586, 1611
  • Scholae Rhetoricae, De Contexendarum Epistolarum Ratione 1587 and more often online at MATEO
  • Orationum quae Argentinensi in Ac. Exercitii gratia scriptae et recitatae…, 10 volumes, 1589–1603, 1606, 1611, 1620
  • Artis dicendi praecepta secundum officii oratorii parrtes breviter ex Platone, Aristotle, Hermogene, Cicerone, herenniana magistro, Quintiliano congesta ac digesta…, 1594, 1605
  • Ex MT Ciceronis orationibus loci aliquot communes eum in finem selecti atque esplicanti ut corundem tractandi ratio appareat, 1594
  • Resolutio brevis orationum MT Ciceronis ..., 1594
  • Animorum conciliandorum et movendorum ratio ..., 1596
  • Manuale Epistolicum: Continens I. Selectarvm Epistolarvm ex MT Ciceronis Familiar. Volumes tria; Cum notis variorum. II. Ex Plinii, Manvtii, & Mureti Epistolis. Volume Unum, III. Formvlarvm Epistolarivm ...
  • Selectarum Epistolarum Ex MT Ciceronis Familiaribus ..., 1597, 1683
  • Oratorio ex historicis ..., 1598
  • Policarum quaestionum centum ac tredecim…, 1602, 1603, 1631

genealogy

Genealogically it should be noted that his first marriage was on May 11, 1568 in Strasbourg with Magarethe († 1582), the daughter of the Strasbourg member of the great council Christoph Riedlinger. His second marriage was on July 16, 1583 with Barbara, the widow of Pastor Caspar Zickel († 1583), daughter of the Strasbourg citizen Sebastian Hartmann. From his two marriages there were two sons and one daughter. Are known:

1. Marriage to the Frankfurt / Main notary Hans Jakob Steinheimer († 1613)
2. Marriage to the Frankfurt / Main printer Johann Hofer († 1625)
3. Marriage to the Frankfurt / Main printer Matthias Kempfer (1665)

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Junius, Melchior
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jung, Melchior; Jungk, Melchior; Guncaeus, Melchior
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German rhetorician and humanist
DATE OF BIRTH October 27, 1545
PLACE OF BIRTH Wittenberg
DATE OF DEATH January 23, 1604
Place of death Strasbourg