Merzdorf (Lichtenau)
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Merzdorf
municipality Lichtenau
Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 15 ″ N , 13 ° 1 ′ 4 ″ E
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| Incorporation : | January 1, 1967 | |
| Incorporated into: | Niederlichtenau | |
| Postal code : | 09244 | |
| Area code : | 037208 | |
Location of Merzdorf in Saxony |
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Merzdorf is a district of the Saxon community Lichtenau in the district of central Saxony . The place was incorporated into Niederlichtenau on January 1, 1967 , with which it came to Lichtenau on January 1, 1994 through the amalgamation of the municipalities of Niederlichtenau and Oberlichtenau . This municipality was in turn merged on January 1, 1999 with the municipalities of Ottendorf and Auerswalde to form one municipality, which was first called Auerswalde and was renamed Lichtenau on September 11, 2000 .
geography
location
Merzdorf is located in the east of the municipality of Lichtenau north of the federal highway 4 and west of the Zschopau . To the north-east of Merzdorf, across the opposite bank of the Zschopau, is Sachsenburg Castle . The town of Frankenberg / Sa is located southeast of Merzdorf . The Merzdorfer ridge with a height of 300 m above sea level. NHN is part of the Saxon Granulite Mountains .
Neighboring places
| Biensdorf | ||
| Krumbach |
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Sachsenburg |
| Niederlichtenau | Frankenberg / Sa. |
history
Local history
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The forest hoof village Merzdorf on a hill west of the Zschopau was mentioned in 1527 as "Mertzdorff". In 1694 the first ferry connection was established over the Zschopau between Merzdorf and Frankenberg / Sa. set up. In 1758, with the permission of the government, a ferry was set up across the Zschopau on the border between Frankenberg and Sachsenburg to Merzdorf.
Merzdorf was under the manorial rule of the Lichtenwalde manor in the Electoral Saxon Office Lichtenwalde , which was administered from 1696 by the Electoral Saxon Office Frankenberg-Sachsenburg and from 1783 by the Electoral Saxon or later Royal Saxon Office Augustusburg . Ecclesiastically, Merzdorf has always been part of the Niederlichtenau parish . After the end of the Saxon constitution of offices in 1856, Merzdorf was under the jurisdiction of the Frankenberg court office . From 1875 the municipality of Merzdorf belonged to the Flöha administration . In 1867 the foundation stone of the Merzdorf schoolhouse was laid. The foundation stone for the concrete Nixstein Bridge over the Zschopau to Frankenberg was laid on July 6, 1906. In 1937, the section of today's federal motorway 4, running south of Merzdorf, was completed . Between April 15 and April 26, 1945 Merzdorf was briefly occupied by American troops until April 7th and 8th. May 1945 Soviet troops took over the administration.
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the municipality of Merzdorf was initially part of the Hainichen district in the Chemnitz district (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), but on January 1, 1967, it moved to Niederlichtenau in the Karl-Marx-Stadt district. Marx-Stadt-Land .
In 1990 the municipality of Niederlichtenau and the Merzdorf district came to the Saxon district of Chemnitz . After its dissolution, the place belonged to the Mittweida district since 1994 , which was added to the central Saxony district in 2008. The communities Oberlichtenau and Niederlichtenau (with the district Merzdorf) merged on January 1, 1994 to form the community Lichtenau. In the course of the municipal reform in Saxony in 1999, the municipalities of Auerswalde , Lichtenau and Ottendorf were merged into a new municipality, the name of which was only determined by a referendum on May 28, 2000 as "Lichtenau"; 51% of those entitled to vote decided on this.
Mining history
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In the area of the Merzdorfer mountain range up to the "Red Mountain" near Biensdorf , mining for the extraction of metals was probably already practiced in prehistoric times. Evidence in this regard was found in sporadic investigations by archaeologists in the area of the Pingen and Haldenfelder in the immediate vicinity of the Biensdorf location and in 1935 through a historical find of medieval clay pots during the construction of a tennis court for a Chemnitz factory owner in Biensdorf.
The non-contiguous mine field stretched on Merzdorfer Flur from the gently sloping slopes to Zschopau to Biensdorf. Due to the relatively flat structure of the terrain, the traces of mining were removed again in the 18th century between 1730 and 1785 in order to use the area for agriculture. Historical sources about mining on the Merzdorf ridge can be found in the Marienberg mountain area in the Freiberg mountain archive , to whose external department the area west of the Zschopau belonged. Mining in the area of the mountain slope from Biensdorf to Düstergrund is documented on cracks in the pit. The Pingen and Haldenfeld of the mining area "Merzdorfer Berg am Zschopaustrom" is said to have started on Merzdorfer Berg opposite Frankenberg. Today's field names such as “Am Steinsberg” indicate a terrain that is suitable for mining. Unfortunately, the location of the former mining field is no longer clearly verifiable today, and there have been no findings that suggest a former mining area.
The existence of a tunnel is documented for the “Tiefer Grund” valley cut, at the upper end of which the Merzdorf gas pressure station is located today. Traces of this tunnel are difficult to find today, as the mouth hole, which can no longer be found today, lies in the area of the ground that was dumped with rubbish during the times of the GDR . The stream flowing out of the tunnel was partially piped. In local tradition, an old market town called "Kramrich" is mentioned near the "Tiefen Grund". This was located northwest of Merzdorf on the road towards the suspension bridge Sachsenburg and Biensdorf.
Another Pingen and Haldenfeld with a width of about 250 m is located between the "Teufelsschlucht" in the area of the slope above Zschopau north of the former market town of Kramrich. Evidence for this are three tunnel mouth holes found around 1987 and three filled shaft pings as well as duct material in the freshly plowed areas. Furthermore, a broken tunnel was found next to the devil's gorge, in whose mouth hole u. a. also found ceramic shards. Furthermore, small heaps testify to the former mining on the Merzdorf slope. Below the “Merzdorf Mountains” there was a ditch, which was already occupied around 1770, parallel to the Zschopau and which supplied the Merzdorf and Biensdorf mines with water. This ditch, which is now in ruins, drew its water from the Zschopau at the level of the Teufelsschlucht. Its end is at a pinge directly behind the Biensdorfer Vorwerk.
On the Merzdorfer Berg between the former market town of Kramrich in the north and Merzdorf in the south, the leveling of a large pingen and dump field after ore finds in 1736 resulted in the "treasure trove including the 1st and 2nd upper dimensions on St. Johannes Stolln" including mountain buildings in Put into operation. It was operated by the supporter Johann Heinrich Müller with a steiger and a miner. In 1736 a miner and a mine boy were added. In 1740 the mining in this treasure trove, which was operated purely as a "building of hope" only according to the information of a "dowsing rod walker", came to a standstill due to a lack of income. During the subsequent recultivation, all traces of mining in this area were destroyed.
Another place of mining activity is the Düstergrund between Merzdorf and Biensdorf, which was previously known as "Der Stoln Born". In this wooded valley cut the remains of heaps and pings, as well as a broken mouth hole have been preserved to this day. In the upper part of the bottom are the remains of drained ponds and the fenced-in pinge of a shaft. The self-employed Johann Christian Lauttenbach overpowered the "Maria Josepha Erbstolln" in 1736 to investigate the Pingen and Haldenfeld. At the time of uranium prospecting by SAG Wismut in the Erzgebirge foothills between 1949 and 1951, the shaft was opened. This results in the enlarged ping that is visible today. The stream running through the Düstergrund was piped by the LPG in the GDR times , so that it only flows below the ground in the meadow area on the surface of the day.
Another extensive former mining area on Merzdorfer Flur is the Erzberg near Biensdorf. Between 1756 and 1790, an investigation into the medieval Pingen and Haldenfeld was used to create the “Lord's Help” for private laborers. However, the ores could not be mined due to the too high watercourses. In 1831 the mountain buildings and trade unions "Old Hope Erbstolln" in Schönborn , "Reicher and New Blessings of God" in Sachsenburg , "Help of the Lord including Bald Glück Erbstolln" in Biensdorf and Krumbach to form the communal mining company "Old Hope Erbstolln" in Schönborn. Around 1850 there were still more than 300 pings. As part of the uranium prospection of the SAG Wismut between 1949 and 1951, the Wismut opened a tunnel, which today is a visitor mine as the so-called "Wismut tunnel". At that time, the Pingen and Haldenfeld was examined for uranium using trenches.
Not far from Merzdorf, an unsuccessful attempt on hard coal was started at the beginning of the 20th century. This shaft is said to have reached a depth of 80 m.
traffic
The federal motorway 4 runs south of Merzdorf and its junction with Chemnitz-Ost is on the Oberlichtenau corridor . There it is crossed by the S 200 (Chemnitz – Mittweida).
Education and culture
The Merzdorf School, which opened in 1876, was expanded in 1902 and closed in 1961. There is a village community center in Merzdorf that can be rented for private parties.
Web links
- Merzdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- History of the districts of the municipality of Lichtenau
- Merzdorf on the website of the municipality of Lichtenau
- The mining around Lichtenau on www.unbekannter-bergbau.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 70 f.
- ^ The Flöha district administration in the municipal register 1900
- ↑ Merzdorf on gov.genealogy.net
- ^ Website of the association "Help the Lord Old Silver Mine"
- ↑ The Biensdorf bismuth tunnel at www.unbekannter-bergbau.de