Michael J. Moravcsik

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Michael Julius Moravcsik (born June 25, 1928 in Budapest , † April 25, 1989 in Turin ) was an American physicist and information scientist of Hungarian origin.

Life

He was born in 1928 as Mihály Julius Moravcsik in Budapest, where he attended the well-known Fasori Evangélikus Gimnázium from 1938 to 1946 , at which Eugene Wigner and John von Neumann were also students. In 1948 he left Hungary and went to the USA, where he continued the physics studies he had begun in Budapest at Harvard University and received his bachelor's degree cum laude in 1951 . During this time he also edited the transcript of Freeman Dyson's lectures on Advanced Quantum Mechanics, which was then widely used. In 1954 he received US citizenship . In 1956 he received his doctorate at Cornell University under Hans A. Bethe with a theoretical thesis on the Coulomb scattering of relativistic electrons. The dissertation was related to the electron synchrotron with strong focus, which is currently being set up there. He then spent two years as a post-doc at Brookhaven National Laboratory . From 1958 he worked in the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of California in Livermore (California) . He headed the theory department there. In 1963 he became a Fellow of the American Physical Society . In 1967 he went to the University of Oregon in Eugene . Until the end of his life he was professor at the Physics Department and at the Institute for Theoretical Science . In physics, his research focused on the theory of the strong interaction and specifically on the study of the nucleon-nucleon interaction in scattering experiments, about which he published a book. In this area he worked a lot with Peter Cziffra, H. Pierre Noyes , Henry Stapp and MH McGregor.

A frequently quoted result of his research is the value of the pion-nucleon coupling constant.

In the early 1960s, Moravcsik developed a keen interest in science policy and its effects in developing countries , stimulated by several trips abroad . He was a science policy advisor to the Ford Foundation , UNESCO , the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the National Science Foundation . In addition, he made important contributions to the field of quantitative science research ( scientometry ), which was developing in the second half of the 20th century .

In 1985 he received the Derek John de Solla Price Award from Scientometrics for his achievements in the field of science research .

He died on April 25, 1989 during a stay at the University of Turin .

Moravcsik is the father of Princeton Professor of Political Science Andrew Moravcsik (* 1957).

Fonts

  • Science Development: The Building of Science in Less Developed Countries . Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 1975, pp. 291 .
  • The two nucleon interaction, Oxford: Clarendon Press 1963
  • Two-Nucleon Interaction as a Research Tool in Particle Physics, Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 39, 1967, p. 670

literature

  • Gary R. Goldstein: Michael J. Moravcsik (obituary) . In: Physics Today . tape 43 , no. 3 , 1990, p. 96-97 , doi : 10.1063 / 1.2810505 .
  • GR Goldstein: Michael J. Moravcsik: A Biographical Sketch . In: Few-Body Systems . tape 9 , no. 2-3 , 1990, pp. 41-56 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01091696 .
  • E. Garfield , H. Small: Michael J. Moravcsik: Multidimensional scholar and hero of third world science . In: Scientometrics . tape 20 , no. 1 , 1991, p. 19-24 , doi : 10.1007 / BF02018140 .
  • Anthony van Raan: Michael Moravcsik (1928-89): In Memoriam . In: Social Studies of Science . tape 19 , no. 4 , 1989, pp. 763-764 , doi : 10.1177 / 030631289019004017 .
  • R. Todorov, M. Winterhager: An overview of Mike Moravcsik's publication activity in physics . In: Scientometrics . tape 20 , no. 1 , 1991, p. 163-172 , doi : 10.1007 / BF02018153 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ T. Braun: Foreword to the Michael Moravcsik Memorial Issue . In: Scientometrics . tape 20 , no. 1 , 1991, p. 3-7 .
  2. ↑ Richard Rhodes: The Atomic Bomb or The Story of the Eighth Day of Creation (Chapter 4) . Greno, Nördlingen 1988, ISBN 3-89190-522-X , p. 915 .
  3. ↑ Peter Cziffra, Michael J. Moravcsik, Determination of the Pion-Nucleon Coupling Constant from n − p Scattering Angular Distribution, Phys. Rev. Vol. 116, 1959, pp. 226-230, abstract
  4. ^ John G. Taylor, Michael J. Moravcsik, Jack L. Uretsky: Determination of the Pion-Nucleon Coupling Constant from Photoproduction Angular Distribution, Phys. Rev., Volume 113, 1959, p. 689
personal data
SURNAME Moravcsik, Michael J.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Moravcsik. Michael Julius (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physicist and information scientist
DATE OF BIRTH June 25, 1928
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1989
Place of death Turin