Mikhail Vladimirovich Viktorov

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MW Viktorov, around 1937

Mikhail Viktorov ( Russian Михаил Владимирович Викторов ; born January 21, jul. / 2. February  1892 greg. In Yaroslavl , † 1. August 1938 ) was a Soviet military and commander of the Baltic , the Black Sea and the Pacific Fleet , and commander in chief of the soviet naval fleet . He made a decisive contribution to the institutional strengthening of the sub-fleets. and at last had the rank of flagman 1st rank, which corresponded to a vice admiral in other fleets.

Life

Viktorov was born the second of five children to Lieutenant of the Imperial Army Vladimir Kallinovich Viktorov and his wife Sinaida Nikolaevna Viktorova. In 1903 he began training at the Yaroslavl Cadet School , which he completed in May 1910. This was followed by attending a naval school, which he completed in October 1913 with the rank of fellow shaman . His service career began with the 1st Mining Division of the Baltic Fleet on the destroyer Krepkij , which was stationed in Liepāja . In March 1914 he became an officer on watch on the ironclad Rossija for the duration of the ship's transfer to the Mediterranean. In July 1914 he was employed as a company commander and as chief of the officers on watch on the destroyer Moschtschnyj . He served on this ship during the First World War until 1917. In 1915 he completed officer courses for mines and in May 1917 for navigation . Due to good exam results, he was employed on the liner Graschdanin as a mine officer of the 2nd rank as well as the second navigator officer and one month later as the first navigator officer. In this position he took part in the Battle of Moon Sound (October 17, 1917). Viktorov sided with the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution . In the first years of Soviet power he served as first officer and temporary commander on the cruiser Oleg and took part in the ice march of the Baltic Fleet in the spring of 1918. On June 18, 1919, the cruiser Oleg was attacked by a British torpedo boat and sunk. Viktorov then became the commander of the destroyer Vzadnik . From August 1920 to March 1921 he commanded the ships of the line Andrei Perwoswanny and Gangut . He took part in the suppression of the Kronstadt sailors' uprising directed against the Soviet government and became Kronstadt's naval chief in the course of this . In May 1921, Viktorov was appointed commander of the Baltic fleet.

In 1924 he completed postgraduate courses at the Naval War Academy and in June of the same year took over the command of the Black Sea Fleet. From December 1924 to April 1926 he was chief of the hydrographic service of the Soviet Navy . He then led the Baltic fleet again. In 1932 he became a member of the KPR (B) . From March 1932 he was used as the commander of the naval forces of the Far East and from 1935 as the commander of the resulting Pacific fleet. On August 15, 1937, after WM Orlov's arrest , he took over his post as commander-in-chief of the Soviet naval fleet. In the same year he was elected a deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR .

Viktorov fell victim to the Great Purge . On March 27, 1938, by Order No. 94 of the Naval People's Commissariat, he was released from the leadership of the Soviet Navy. In 1937, the People's Commissar for Defense, KJ Voroshilov , urged him to confess to conspiracy accusations and promised forgiveness. When Viktorov refused, he was arrested on April 22, 1938. On May 5, he was suspended from duty and discharged from the Red Fleet. In the course of the investigation, he confessed to having been a member of a conspiratorial organization Gamarnik in 1933 . The Military College of the Supreme Court found him guilty on August 1, 1938, of belonging to a counter-revolutionary organization and of having intended to incapacitate the fleet during the war. It sentenced him to death by shooting with immediate effect .

On March 14, 1956, Viktorov was posthumously rehabilitated by the Supreme Court of the USSR .

Awards

literature

  • Зайцев Ю.М. (JM Saizew): Михаил Владимирович Викторов: Штрихи к портрету флагмана . Ed .: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Vladivostok 2010, p. 92 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Saizew, p. 7
  2. ↑ Soviet military encyclopedia in 8 volumes . tape 2 .
  3. ↑ Saizew, p. 90
  4. ↑ a b Залесский К.А .: Империя Сталина. Биографический энциклопедический словарь . Moscow 2000.
personal data
SURNAME Viktorov, Mikhail Vladimirovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Викторов, Михаил Владимирович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Commander-in-chief of the Soviet naval fleet
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Yaroslavl
DATE OF DEATH August 1, 1938