Min-fir

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Min-fir
Branch with needles of Abies recurvata var. Ernestii

Branch with needles of Abies recurvata var. Ernestii

Systematics
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Pine family (Pinaceae)
Subfamily : Abietoideae
Genre : Firs ( Abies )
Section : Momi
Type : Min-fir
Scientific name
Abies recurvata
Mast.

The Min-Fir ( Abies recurvata ) is a species of the pine family (Pinaceae) and is found mainly in mountainous areas and in high river valleys in southwest China .

description

The Min-Fir is an evergreen tree that reaches heights of 40 to 60 meters and a diameter of up to 2 meters at chest height . The rough and irregularly divided bark is dark gray to reddish brown in color. Parts of the bark can flake off. The bark of the young twigs is initially yellowish to yellowish gray and turns gray in the second or third year.

The needles , 1 to 7 centimeters long and 2 to 3.5 millimeters wide, protrude from the branches like a comb. The top of the needle is light green, the underside of the needle is blue-green. There are two gray-green stomatal ribbons on the underside of the needle . The needle point can be both pointed and blunt.

The flowering period extends from April to May. The cones , 4 to 14 centimeters long and 3 to 4 centimeters thick, are ellipsoidal-oval to cylindrical-oval in shape. They are initially yellow-green, brownish-green or purple, and when they are ripe in October they are brownish-purple, brown-yellow or brown in color. The kidney-shaped seed scales are 1.2 to 1.4 inches long and 1.2 to 2.5 inches thick. The cone scales are around half to three quarters times as long as the seed scales. The egg-shaped seeds are 1.7 to 3 millimeters in size with the wing and have a 3 to 5 millimeter large, dark brown or black wing.

Occurrence

The Min-Fir is common in China. The distribution area extends from southern Sungqu , southwestern Gansu and western Hubei along the Min Jiang to the north and west of Sichuan , the southeast of the Tibet Autonomous Region and the northwest of Yunnan . It mainly inhabits mountains and high river valleys.

The Min-Fir is a type of tree with a cool climate. The species is found at altitudes between 2300 and 3800 meters. The annual precipitation is between 700 and 1000 mm. There are mainly podzols populated.

The species forms mainly with other conifers such as Abies fabri , Farges fir ( Abies fargesii ), the scaly bark fir ( Abies squamata ), Larix potaninii , Picea asperata , the Sargent spruce ( Picea brachytyla ), the Likiang spruce ( Picea likiangensis ) , the purple spruce ( Picea purpurea ), Pinus armandii and the Taiwan hemlock ( Tsuga chinensis ) mixed stands. However, mixed stands with oaks ( Quercus ) are also formed.

use

The hard wood is used, among other things, as construction wood and in the pulp industry. It is also suitable for veneers.

Systematics

The Min-Fir is assigned to the Momi section and the Homolepoides subsection within the genus of the firs ( Abies ) .

There are two varieties :

  • Abies recurvata var. Ernestii ( Rehder ) Rushforth occurs in Gansu, Hubei, the Tibet Autonomous Region, Sichuan, and Yunnan. It grows up to 60 meters high and its needles and cones are larger than those of var. Recurvata . This variety is listed in some plants, including the Flora of China, as a separate species, Abies ernestii Rehder . According to WCSP, it is a variety Abies chensiensis var. Ernestii (Rehder) Tang S.Liu by Abies chensiensis . A synonyms for this variety Abies beissneriana Rehder & EHWilson .
  • Abies recurvata var. Recurvata is the type variety and occurs in Sichuan and southwestern Gansu . It grows up to 40 meters high and the needles and cones are smaller than those of var. Ernestii .

Hazard and protection

In the Red List of the IUCN is the var. Ernestii "not at risk" out. The var. Recurvata is classified as "endangered". The small distribution area of ​​this variety is named as the main endangerment factor.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Abies ernestii . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 51 (English).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Abies recurvata . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 51 (English).
  3. ↑ a b c Christopher J. Earle: Abies recurvata. In: The Gymnosperm Database. January 22, 2011, accessed November 4, 2011 .
  4. ↑ Abies recurvata. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). USDA, accessed July 25, 2010 .
  5. ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Abies. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 3, 2019.
  6. ↑ Abies recurvata in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Retrieved on November 4 2011th
  7. ↑ Abies recurvata in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Retrieved on November 4 2011th

Web links

Commons : Min-Tanne  - Collection of images, videos and audio files