Schwarzenberg Ministry

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Felix zu Schwarzenberg
Signature Felix zu Schwarzenberg.PNG

The Schwarzenberg Ministry of the Austrian Empire, chaired by Prime Minister Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg , was in office from November 21, 1848 until his death on April 5, 1852.

history

Schwarzenberg's predecessor was Minister President Johann Philipp Freiherr von Wessenberg-Ampringen . When Imperial Austrian troops from Vienna were supposed to take action against rebellious Hungary on October 6, 1848 , the Vienna October Uprising took place . Minister of War von Latour, who had ordered the troops to march, was lynched by the angry crowd . After the rebels succeeded in conquering the Imperial Armory in Renngasse, Emperor Ferdinand , the imperial military and the government of Vienna left. Imperial troops under Prince Windisch-Graetz did not bring the capital Vienna back under their control until October 31st. On November 21, 1848 Felix zu Schwarzenberg , brother-in-law of Prince Windisch-Graetz, was appointed Prime Minister. He formed a government that included liberals like Alexander von Bach and Karl Ludwig von Bruck, as well as the conservative reformers Franz Seraph von Stadion and later Leo von Thun and Hohenstein . But Schwarzenberg was above all an anti-revolutionary determined to do everything, which was also reflected in his responsibility in the illegal shooting of Robert Blum , a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly .

Against the Frankfurt National Assembly and its demand for the inclusion of the German provinces of Austria in a German nation - state, he opposed the claim to the participation of the entire Habsburg monarchy in an Austro-German confederation in the spirit of a Greater Austrian solution .

In domestic politics, there was a revolution from above , which, however, took over many approaches of the Reichstag in Kremsier , which was forcibly dissolved on March 7, 1849 . The landlord upper ownership and the resulting performance obligations of the peasants as well as the landlord jurisdiction and police power were abolished. Alexander von Bach and Anton von Schmerling also organized a new system of administration and jurisdiction in the Austrian Empire, which essentially survived to this day. Leo von Thun and Hohenstein modernized the teaching system with his colleagues Alexander von Helfert , Antonin Krombholz , Franz Serafin Exner and Hermann Bonitz .

During Schwarzenberg's tenure there were several conflicts with Franz Joseph I , who had been proclaimed the new emperor in Olomouc on December 2, 1848 . The Imperial Constitution issued on March 4, 1849 , which was drafted by Prime Minister Schwarzenberg with the help of Karl Friedrich von Kübeck and Franz Seraph von Stadion, was never fully implemented and on December 31, 1851 with the New Year's Eve patents of Franz Joseph I. abolished again. This ushered in a phase of neo-absolutism in the Austrian Empire. As the supreme executive authority, the Reich Ministry was again solely responsible to the Kaiser. A Reichsrat under Karl Friedrich von Kübeck, established in 1851 , served as a new advisory body for the emperor and counterbalanced the Schwarzenberg ministry . Rumor has it that Franz Joseph I decided to overthrow the government and overthrow Schwarzenberg as prime minister. Schwarzenberg died earlier in the evening of April 5, 1852 in Vienna from a stroke . After his death, the position of Prime Minister was not filled. Karl Ferdinand von Buol-Schauenstein succeeded him as Chairman of the Ministerial Conference and Foreign Minister . The actual head of government was Minister of the Interior Alexander von Bach .

Members of the Council of Ministers

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ernst C. Light Bling: Austrian Constitutional and administrative history. 1992, p. 195 ff.
  2. ^ Lars Maximilian von Thun and Hohenstein: Education policy in the empire. The Thun-Hohenstein university reform, especially using the example of legal training in Austria. Dissertation, University of Vienna, 2015, p. 153 ff.
  3. ^ Friedrich Weissensteiner: The Austrian emperors. ISBN 3-8000-3913-3 , p. 100.
  4. ^ Stefan Lippert: Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg: a political biography. 1988, p. 402.