Anton Csorich from Monte Creto

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Anton Csorich, lithograph by Joseph Kriehuber , 1850
Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order

Anton Freiherr Csorich von Monte Creto (pron. Tschóritsch; Croatian Antun barun Čorić od Monte Creta), (* 1795 in Machichno , Croatia ; † July 15, 1864 in Dornbach near Vienna ) was an Imperial and Royal Feldzeugmeister and Austrian Minister of War . He was also the holder of the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order .

Military career

Born in the village of Machichno near Karlovac , Csorich joined the Likaner " Ottocaner Grenz-Infanterie-Regiment" as a cadet in 1808 and fought against French troops in the same year. Promoted to officer, he took part in the Wars of Liberation and was then seconded as adjutant to Feldzeugmeister Alois Fürst Liechtenstein. 1833 promoted to major, he took command of a battalion of the Bohemian Infantry - Regiment . No. 36. In 1836 he Colonel he until 1842, was and regimental commander in the Bohemian Infantry Regiment No. 42. This regiment commanded then to. Promoted to major general and given command of a brigade in Italy . Ordered back to Vienna in 1843, he was appointed commandant of Salzburg Fortress in 1846 . In 1848 he became a field marshal lieutenant while also being appointed division commander.

During the October uprising in Vienna in 1848 , Csorich commanded the troops loyal to the emperor in Leopoldstadt and later took over command of the units that enclosed the inner city. When Vienna began to be bombarded on October 26 by the troops of Alfred I. Prince zu Windisch-Graetz and Count Joseph Jelačić von Bužim , Csorich's units operated against the Matzleinsdorf line and against the Vienna-Gloggnitz train station . After the defeat of the Hungarians in the Battle of Schwechat , the attacks began against the districts of Vienna that were still occupied by the rebels. Csorich was given the task of taking three brigades against the rayon as far as Vienna and disarming the rebels.

Thanks to Csorich's skilful approach, the imperial court library, the natural history cabinet and the previously undamaged part of the Hofburg were saved from irreparable damage.

In the following campaign to Hungary and the fighting against the troops of the Kossuth government , Csorich first commanded an infantry division of the II Army Corps and soon afterwards the Army Corps itself. Here he operated successfully against the troops of Artúr Görgey , whom he was in combat on the Schemnitz Plateau and defeated in the Battle of Kápolna . At the end of April he supported the troops of the siege corps under General Simunich attacked at Ács in the First Battle of Komorn .

When the imperial army, after the tactical retreat to Pressburg under Feldzeugmeister Haynau, took up the counter-offensive in the Komorn area again, Csorich stayed with his army corps as a siege force in front of the strong fortress, which was occupied by 18,000 men. Csorich succeeded in maintaining the siege against heavy casualties until reinforcements arrived and he was able to hand over command to Feldzeugmeister Nugent . In recognition of these services, Csorich was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown, 1st class .

After the end of the fighting, Csorich was transferred to Vienna as an adjutant to the commanding general, from where he, now appointed to the Privy Council, was appointed Minister of War on July 16, 1850 in the place of Samuel Count Gyulay. During his ministerial work, among other things, the adoption of the Basic Law for the military border countries, the issuance of a military ordinance sheet, the introduction of new training regulations (training and exiting regulations), the reorganization of officers' salaries, the re-equipment of the cavalry and the start of the army reform for the army . Furthermore, he initiated the establishment of new military educational institutions. On March 7, 1853 he resigned as minister and took over command of the III. Army Corps in Graz . From June 1854 to November of the same year he was entrusted with the leadership of the 1st Army and then took over the command of the III. Army Corps.

In January 1856 he was ordered to the Army High Command of the 3rd Army in Ofen as Adjutant General and in April 1859 he returned to Vienna as Commanding General . Meanwhile promoted to Feldzeugmeister, Csorich retired in September of the same year.

Further awards

For his careful behavior during the Vienna uprising, he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Leopold Order and the Knight's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order , which Emperor Franz-Joseph I personally attached to him on the occasion of a military parade on April 2, 1850. In addition, Csorich received addresses of thanks from the Vienna City Council, the merchants and other committees of the capital.

He died on July 15, 1864 in Dornbach near Vienna. He was given a grave of honor at the Vienna Central Cemetery (group 0, row 1, number 4) .

Private life

The sprung from old Croatian noble and dd Vienna June 30, 1818 with the title de Monte Creto in the Austrian baron raised kk FML Franz Freiherr Csorich Monte Creto (* 1772, † 1847) left from his marriage to Ludmille Schindler children. He adopted his nephew Anton Csorich, who was subsequently elevated to the baron class with a special diploma from Vienna on October 16, 1840 with the same title.

Anton Freiherr Csorich von Monte Creto was first married to Caroline Countess Feuerstein von Feuersteinsberg († 1831), daughter of Anton Franz Graf Feuerstein von Feuersteinsberg and Johanna Countess von Sternberg-Rudelsdorf, and his second marriage to Sophie Freiin Bogdan von Sturmbruck (* January 2, 1816), daughter of the kk FML Joseph Freiherrn Bogdan von Sturmbruck and Elisabeth Countess von Thun and Hohenstein ad H. Choltitz, married.

His only child came from his first marriage, the daughter Caroline Freiin Csorich von Monte Creto (* December 1826), who was married to the Imperial and Royal Lieutenant Colonel Julius Posselt († November 23, 1860). Their son was the Salzburg alpinist and cave explorer Anton von Posselt-Czorich (also Posselt-Csorich). He is considered to be the discoverer of the giant ice world and the Schellenberger ice cave as well as the first to climb the gate pillar .

literature

personal data
SURNAME Csorich from Monte Creto, Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Csorich, Anton; Monte Creto, Anton Csorich de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal and Minister of War
DATE OF BIRTH 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Machichno
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1864
Place of death Dornbach (Vienna) near Vienna