Karlovac
| Karlovac | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : |
 Croatia
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| County : |
 Karlovac
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| Height : | 112 m. i. J. | ||
| Area : | 402.00 km² | ||
| Residents : | 55,705 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 139 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Telephone code : | (+385) 047 | ||
| Postal code : | 47,000 | ||
| License plate : | KA | ||
| Structure and administration (status: 2013, cf. ) |
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| Community type : | city | ||
| Mayor : | Damir Jelić ( HDZ ) | ||
| Coalition partner : | HSS, HSP AS, HSLS | ||
| Postal address : | Banjavčićeva 9 47000 Karlovac |
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| Website : | |||
| Others | |||
| Patron saint : | St. Joseph (Sv.Josip) | ||
| City Festival : | July 13th (founding day 1579) | ||
 Trinity Church (Crkva svetoga trojstva) in Karlovac with plague column and terracotta fountain |
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Karlovac [ ˈkarlɔʋats ] ( German Karlstadt ; Hungarian Károlyváros ) is a town with 55,705 inhabitants in Croatia . It is located in the historical region of Old Croatia and is the administrative seat of the Karlovac County .
geography
Karlovac is 56 km from Zagreb , the capital of Croatia, and 130 km from Rijeka , the largest coastal city on the northern Adriatic . The city of four rivers lies on the Korana , the Kupa , the Mrežnica and the Dobra . Due to the good water quality, bathing is possible in several places in the rivers. Karlovac is the administrative seat of the Karlovac County (Croatian Karlovačka županija ).
The city had 55,705 inhabitants at the 2011 census , the majority of which (88.21 percent) were Croats .
history
Today the ninth largest city in Croatia is one of its youngest cities. It was founded and named in 1579 by the Styrian Archduke Karl II of Inner Austria , the commander of the Croatian-Slavonian march , who, according to the latest findings of the Venetians, had the fortress built in a star shape on marshy terrain under the direction of the local master builder Martin (Matija) Gambon. It then served as the seat of the governor of the newly established military province of Vojna Krajina.
In the middle of the 17th century, the military fortress was modernized under Emperor Leopold I by the Austrian chief engineer and captain, fortress engineer Martin Stier (1620–1669), who was a student of Andrea Jungsicke. The fortress is an excellent example of Renaissance architecture as one of the few remaining so-called “ ideal cities ” . After the wars of 1683–1689 and the Turkish withdrawal, Karlovac lost its military importance. However, due to its advantages as a hub on the traffic route between the northern Adriatic and Vojvodina , Karlovac developed into a trading town in the 18th century.
It is also home to the Croatian beer brand Karlovačko , which is served in many eateries.
In addition to baroque buildings, wooden chapels, thermal springs and monasteries, the continental hinterland of Croatia is also characterized by viticulture.
Attractions
- The city was founded in the 16th century with its old town in the shape of a star with six rays. From this then fashionable layout, the Karlovac, then Karlstadt, with the cities of Palmanova in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region in the province of Udine (Italy) and Nové Zámky (formerly: Neuhäusel , German), a city in the southwest of the Slovakia, divides, only traces are left.
- In 1991 the Yugoslav People's Army at that time had a large barracks with 600 members of the army and 50 tanks in the city of Karlovac. The Croatians had blocked the barracks and Serbian units were to break this blockade and get soldiers and tanks of the Yugoslav People's Army from the barracks. This was the beginning of bitter fighting. During the Croatian War, the baroque old town was also badly damaged by Serbian artillery bombardment. Croatian soldiers not only blew up the Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas in Karlovac. In the last few years the old town has been rebuilt or renovated, but the scars of the fratricidal struggle are still visible.
- The central Strossmayer Square with its representative monuments.
- From Dubovac Castle you have a very nice view of the city.
- The city museum in a former palace of the Frankopans from the 17th century, which previously served as accommodation for generals.
- City theater ZORIN DOM, built in 1892 as a cultural center a. a. for the first Croatian choral society "DAWN" by the architect Gjuro Carelutti (1854–1928) from Gemona del Friuli in the neo-renaissance style , last restored in 2001. To the left and right of the entrance area there are sculptures of the muses drama and music in niches. The MOTHER sculpture by the sculptor Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962) stands in front of the house .
- The city likes to call itself the "City of the Four Rivers", as the Korana, the Kupa Delta, Mreznica and Dobra are located here. The fountain with the four terracotta figures created in 1869 is dedicated to these four rivers . These are their allegories .
- A plague column with a statue of the Madonna in the style of Italian high baroque was erected near the fountain in 1691 as thanks for overcoming the plague epidemic .
- The Korana River flows along the historical city center and the most beautiful parks and walking paths; in summer there are numerous bathing places on its banks. In Karlovac it is spanned by three bridges, a wooden one, a pontoon bridge and a bridge made of concrete arches. The bridges of the Korana are often used as meeting points.
- The city is popularly known as the “city of many gardens” because of its many parks. The basis for this was the use of the historical weir ditches as urban green spaces. Particularly noteworthy is the Vrbanicev Park, opened under the Habsburgs in 1896, which is still impressive today with its shape, its layout, landscaping and architecture. The pharmacist and later namesake Joseph Vrbanic started the decisive initiative to create an initially small botanical and, above all, public garden. He organized the procurement of plants and trees, etc. a. in Trieste and Vienna with the support of the old Croatian noble family Vranyczany Dobrinović and the archbishop of the time. The park in the south-eastern part of the city and located between the Korana River and the left bank of the Koran was divided into three parts. You can still see an English part, a central part in the French style and a third part, which consists mainly of juniper and other conifers. Up until the World War II, this park contained many terracotta statues. Today, in the Vrbanic Park, which is protected as a cultural heritage, there are outdoor sculpture exhibitions. The traditional project “Living with the Park” also takes place here every year as part of a European week.
- The historical rangefinder or milestone (Croatian = Miljokaz / English = milestone) of Karlovac in the form of an obelisk. The original location was the beginning of the historical street " Josephina " (inscription on the obelisk: "Josephinae Principium"), a 115 km long road from Karlovac to the coastal town of Senj built between 1775 and 1779 (inscription on the city gate: "Josephinae Finis" / End of Josephina) at the northern end of the Maria-Valeria-Promenade in what was then Karlstadt, named after the youngest daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph. Today it stands in the shade of large chestnut trees at the beginning of the Franjo Tuđman promenade near the Zorin Dom theater. It was erected in Karlstadt during the Habsburg rule under Emperor Joseph II to mark the distances between the hinterland and the coasts of this part of the country. In their time these were among the most modern roads in Europe. The milestone shows the distance from Karlovac to some Croatian cities such as Zagreb, Rijeka and even to Vienna in Germanic / Austrian miles (1 mile = 7420.4 meters) and in how many hours from Karlovac these destinations can be reached are achieved. The names of the places are given in their old Latin versions.
- Marmont-Allee: During the Napoleonic Wars from 1805 to 1813, the 100 km long road, the so-called Louisiana, from Karlovac to Fiume, the coastal town later renamed Rijeka, was built. At the beginning of this Louisiana, an avenue of plane trees was planted and completed in Karlovac, according to the tradition of the French occupying power at the time. This avenue has been preserved to this day and is approx. 850 m long. Its 112 maple trees (Platanus x acerifolia) are under landscape protection. This section still bears the name Marmont-Allee, after the French General Marmont (1774-1852), who u. a. briefly the commander of the French, Napoleonic occupying power was on site.
- The so-called Katzler wooden pavilion was originally built in 1897 as a small wooden structure on the occasion of the inauguration of the large art pavilion in Zagreb with a large exhibition of the works of local Croatian artists, called the “Croatian Salon” (Croatian: Hrvatski Salon). It was then rebuilt at its current location in the Karlovac City Park. A few years later, Wilhelm Friedrich Katzler, the former head gardener of the Lužnica castle next to Zaprešić, became the owner of this wooden building and ran a flower shop here. Renovated, it is now used for art exhibitions in Karlovac.
- The Matanić pavilion, the so-called “Little Gloriette”, was built in 1916 during the First World War. Its establishment was the result of a collection to help the ever increasing number of victims of the then current war. On the initiative of Major Rudolf Matanić, a sculpture made of limewood was designed in a temple-like, open pavilion, at the top of which an Austrian eagle held the Croatian coat of arms in its claws. The citizens should document their donations with previously acquired nails of different value levels or name plates. Allegedly, the amount of donations for the so-called Heimwehr was at that time a remarkable 12,000 forints. After the lost war, the wooden sculpture was removed in 1918. After Croatia's independence, Miroslav Preglej and Vladimir Petersilie restored the pavilion from 1995-1998 and cast a replica of the sculpture in bronze. A text in memory of Croatian soldiers was placed in the base.
- Pilgrimage Church of St. Joseph (Sv. Josipa). This new building by the architect Josipa Šponar Muth is the largest pilgrimage church dedicated to this saint in Croatia and the destination of an annual pilgrimage on March 19th. This is one of around 50 pilgrimages, in which around 500,000 believers in Croatia take part each year. In 1991, Karlovac City Council declared St. Joseph a city saint.
- Turanji, the Museum of the Homeland War in the ruins of the former historical Habsburg barracks Turanji in the southern part of the city of Karlovac next to the Korana River on the old Plitvice Street D-1. 15 three-dimensional exhibits of war technology and five types of fortification were set up here.
- At the end of August, the traditional ten-day beer festival "Karlovački dani piva" takes place in Karlovac. The town is home to Karlovačka Pivovara, one of the largest breweries in the country, now part of one of the largest European beer groups.
Banija
The Banija is a district northwest of the old city center, which is located between the railway line, the Karlovac railway station and the river Kupa is. The origin of the name Banija comes from the old Croatian nobility title Ban .
Industry
The recent economic development of Karlovac is striking. 58% of the economic enterprises are industrial enterprises (as of 2014), on the other hand the Croatian average of industrial enterprises is only 20%. Nevertheless, high unemployment remains a key problem in Karlovac.
- The weapons factory HS Produkt , which was founded in 1991 and whose product with the highest sales is the HS2000 pistol, has developed into the largest industrial company in Karlovac with over 2500 employees (as of 2014) . 30,000 pistols of this type are manufactured annually, 90% of the manufacture is exported to the USA. The US company Springfield Armory, Inc. has already sold over 500,000 units .
- Alstom maintains the subsidiary Alstom Croatia Ltd. in Karlovac. with approx. 850 employees and an export share of approx. 75%. In 1949, turbines for power generation were manufactured in Karlovac under the name Jugoturbina. Later license manufacturing and a. the De Lavall turbine for large European companies AEG , BBC and ABB . In 2003 the current Alstom Croatia Ltd. founded.
- The KIM Karlovac dairy is the largest and most modern milk producer in the region.
- The most modern brick factory in Croatia, Wienerberger Ilovac dd
- Karlovačko Brewery
- PPK karlovačka mesna industrija dd, food manufacturer
Sports
- Croatian football club NK Karlovac
- Croatian handball club Rukometni Klub Karlovac HRK Karlovac
- KK Sanac Karlovac basketball
- OK Karlovac volleyball
- Olimpija Karlovac Baseball, 2013 winner of the Interligue title (CEB - Confederation of European Baseball)
climate
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Karlovac
Source: The climate in Karlovac
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Events in Karlovac
- the so-called Beer Days of Karlovac (Karlovački dani piva) at the beginning of autumn, the Croatian version of the Munich Oktoberfest with around 100,000 visitors
- the annual St. Joseph's procession on March 19th to the pilgrimage church of St. Joseph (Sv. Josipa) in Karlovac
- the flower show in early June
- the Midsummer bonfire on Midsummer Night, the night on Midsummer Day from June 23rd to 24th
- the Karlovac Culture Days from October to December
- In September 1966 Karlovac was the venue of the III. Fire Brigade Olympiad , which is organized every four years by the World Fire Brigade Association CTIF in different cities.
- VW-Tuning-Show of the VW-Club Croatia (2014 - 12th meeting in Karlovac from June 6-8, 2014)
Town twinning
Karlovac lists four twin cities :
| city | Region / country | since |
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| Alessandria |
 Piedmont, Italy
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1964 |
| Erzsébetváros |
 VII. District of Budapest, Hungary
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2008 |
| Kansas City |
 Kansas, United States
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1977 |
| Kragujevac |
 Šumadija, Serbia
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1968 |
sons and daughters of the town
- Matthias Leopold Stupić (approx. 1732–1794), member of the American expedition of Joseph II.
- Radoslav Lopašić (1835-1893), historian
- Karl Felix Wolff (1879–1966), South Tyrolean folklorist and collector of South Tyrolean sagas
- Tomislav Neralić (1917–2016), opera singer
- Milan Šašić (* 1958), football coach
- Branko Vukelić (1958–2013), politician
- Zvjezdan Cvetković (1960–2017), football player and coach
- Kristijan Ljubanović (* 1978), handball player
- Zrinka Cvitešić (* 1979), actress
- Ana Vidović (* 1980), guitarist
gallery
City theater (left) and one of the primary schools
City Theater ZORIN DOM
Dubovac Castle above Karlovac
Karlovac developed around the star-shaped fortress, which at the time of Turkish wars was built
Fountain from 1869 with terracotta figures
Bathing area on the Korana
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literature
- Lore Marr-Bieger: Northern Croatia - Zagreb & Kvarner Bay. 5., completely revised. Edition. Verlag Michael Müller, Erlangen 2012, ISBN 978-3-89953-709-3 .
- Martin Rosenplänter, Sandra Strigl: Croatia. (Stefan Loose Travel Handbooks). Dumont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2014, ISBN 978-3-7701-6709-8 .
- Werner Lips: travel guide for individual discovery. 5., rework. and completely updated edition. Reise Know-How Verlag, Bielefeld 2013, ISBN 978-3-8317-2303-4 .
- Leandro Zoppé: Croatia. (Vis a Vis travel guide). act. Edition. Dorling Kindersley Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-8310-1925-0 .
Web links
Commons : Karlovac - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Carlstatt in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian) - sources and full texts
Individual evidence
- ↑ On the history of the fortress and the city of Karlstadt / Karlovac ( Memento from October 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The local builder from Karlstadt / Karlovac Martin (Matija) Gambon (PDF)
- ^ First edition, Key to the Mechanic; published posthumously by Jungeickel's student, the Austrian engineer officer Martin Stier
- ^ Work of the chief engineer and captain Martin Stier (1620–1669) under Emperor Leopold I.
- ↑ Titus Novus
- ↑ Pilgrimages in Croatia (2006)
- ↑ The new pilgrimage church of St Joseph in Karlovac ( Memento of October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Turanj, the Museum of the Homeland War in Karlovac ( Memento from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ On the Industrial Development of Karlovac (2014) ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ On the development of Karlovac, Ivan Vučić, Prefect of Karlovac County (2010) ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ High unemployment in Karlovac as well as in Croatia
- ↑ Data on Alstom Croata Ltd. Karlovac ( Memento of the original from November 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)
- ↑ KIM Karlovac Dairy ( Memento from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The most modern brickworks Wienerberger Ilovac dd Croatia in Karlovac ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ PPK karlovačka mesna industrija dd Food manufacturer in Karlovac
- ↑ Olimpija Karlovac Baseball, 2013 winner of the Interligue title (CEB - Confederation of European Baseball)
- ↑ 12th meeting 2014 of the VW Club Croatia with Tuning Show ( Memento from October 6th 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ town twinning. Retrieved November 13, 2017 .
