Mischmar HaEmek

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mischmar HaEmek
Mischmar HaEmek
Basic data
hebrew : מִשְׁמַר הָעֵמֶק
State : IsraelIsrael Israel
District : North
Founded : 1922
Coordinates : 32 ° 37 '  N , 35 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 32 ° 36 '35 "  N , 35 ° 8' 31"  E
Height : 105  m
 
Residents : 1255 (as of: 2018)
 
Community code : 0130
Time zone : UTC + 2
Postal code : 19236
 
Website :
Mischmar haEmek (Israel)
Mischmar HaEmek
Mischmar HaEmek

Mischmar haEmek ( Hebrew מִשְׁמַר הָעֵמֶק Mischmar ha-ʿEmeq , German for 'guard of the valley' ) is a kibbutz in northern Israel . Since it is on the Jezreel level , it falls under the jurisdiction of the Megiddo regional council. In 2018 the kibbutz had 1,255 inhabitants. It was founded in 1922 and is the only kibbutz to have preserved the traditional socialist structures. Five former members of the Knesset are from here.

history

Mischmar haEmek (1933)

The founding date is the birth of the first child of a settler family on January 19, 1922 in the American Zionist Medical Unit (AZMU), which later became the Hadassah Medical Center. The kibbutz was founded by a group of Polish Jews who gave it the name "Kibbutz Hashomer Hatzair Bet". In 1925 the kibbutz consisted of 60 men and women and six children. Among the founders were Sophia Poznanska and Leopold Trepper . The area of ​​the Jezreel Plain was the top priority in the Jewish National Fund's settlement policy , and so many new residents came here with the wave of immigration from 1925 onwards . In 1926 the later Israeli politician Ya'akov Hazan , one of the first members of the Zionist organization Hechalutz , became a member of the kibbutz. The kibbutz was given its current name, Mischmar haEmek , in November 1928.

In August 1929 the kibbutz was attacked by Arabs. This event happened in the context of violent clashes between Jews and Arabs in the Jewish settlement areas of the time.

In the autumn of 1942 it was used by the British Army as a training camp. Against the background of British fears of a further advance of the Axis powers, 160 members of the Hagana were trained in sabotage and remote detonators. Several tons of explosives were hidden in the area around Mischmar HaEmek in the event of a German occupation. In May 1944 the first meeting of the Palmachs , the standing army of the Hagana, took place in the forests of Mishmar HaEmek .

On April 4, 1948 it was the target of an attack by the Arab Liberation Army . This was repulsed by a Palmach brigade. In the following days, by April 15, 1948, the Palestinian villages in the vicinity of Mishmar HaEmek were razed to the ground and the residents were expelled.

economy

The economy of the kibbutz is mainly based on a plastic factory in the kibbutz with several additional branches in Israel. The kibbutz also raises chickens and has around 7,000  dunams of arable land. An information technology company from Mischmar HaEmek operates the database system of the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial site .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Mischmar haEmek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ אוכלוסייה ביישובים 2018 (population of the settlements 2018). (XLSX; 0.13 MB) Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , August 25, 2019, accessed May 11, 2020 .
  2. ↑ אוכלוסייה ביישובים 2018 (population of the settlements 2018). (XLSX; 0.13 MB) Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , August 25, 2019, accessed May 11, 2020 .
  3. ^ Kibbutz Diary: Socialism for the 21st century . May 25, 2008. Retrieved July 19, 2016. 
  4. ^ Mishmar HaEmek ( Hebrew ) Retrieved July 25, 2016.
  5. ↑ משמר העמק [Mishmar HaEmek ] . Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 10, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.megido.org.il
  6. ↑ משמר העמק - היסטוריה [Mishmar HaEmek - History ] ( Hebrew ). Retrieved July 9, 2016.
  7. ↑ אירועים ביטחוניים בתולדות משמר העמק [Security events in the history of Mishmar HaEmek ] ( Hebrew ). Retrieved July 9, 2016.
  8. ↑ see also Hermann Meier-Cronemeyer : Zionism - From the Beginnings to the State of Israel , 2nd edition 1989, page 82
  9. ↑ Mordecai Naor: Eretz Israel. Könemann, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-89508-594-4 , p. 240.