Dairy product
A milk product , milk product or dairy product is a food whose ingredients mainly consist of milk or milk components ( milk protein , milk fat or milk sugar ). Milk products include, on the one hand, differently treated types of milk and, on the other hand, milk products obtained by fermentation or extraction of milk components.
Legislation
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Sales designation (which under the name milk or milk product or milk mixed product may be offered in the trade):
- The terms milk , milk products and mixed milk products are legally stipulated in the Milk and Fat Act in conjunction with the Milk Products Ordinance
- the designation cheese is legally stipulated separately in the cheese ordinance
- the designation butter is stipulated separately in the Butter Ordinance
- Identification: Within the EU , every milk product bears an identity mark (before 2004 health mark ).
- Hygiene: Legally, the regulations of the ordinance on hygiene requirements for the production, handling and marketing of certain foods of animal origin apply to milk products (Animal Food Hygiene Ordinance - Tier-LMHV) .
- Designation of origin : a few products can be marketed with these seals
Types of dairy products
Untreated milk
- Raw milk (fresh milk) and raw milk cheese
- Preferred milk
Treated milk
- Long-life milk products
- Skimmed milk, skimmed milk
- Homogenized milk (fresh milk)
- Pasteurized milk
- Sterilized milk
- Semi-skimmed , low-fat milk
- Thermised milk
- Ultraheat milk ( long-life milk , UHP milk)
- Whole milk
- ESL milk
Extracted / fermented milk products
- butter
- cheese
- Mixed milk product
- whey
- Quark
- cream
- fermented milk extracts
- Sour milk products ( acidified by lactic acid fermentation )
Milk, milk components and milk by-products ( whey , buttermilk ) are still used as raw materials for numerous other products in the food industry , bakeries , beverage production , cosmetics production and animal fattening :
- Milk ice cream made from milk, milk powder , whey powder , milk fat, etc.
- milk chocolate
- Milk serum drinks made from whey, e.g. Rivella
- Cosmetics and ointments, for example made from goat butter
- Whey bath products
- Also plastics made from casein ; Casein plastics were the first generation of plastics (e.g. synthetic horn for buttons, combs, furniture handles, etc.).
literature
- Friedrich Kiermeier , Erika Lechner: Milk and milk products (= basics and progress in food research. Vol. 15). Paul Parey, Berlin a. a. 1973, ISBN 3-489-78814-1 .