Moon seeds
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![American moon seed (Menispermum canadense), illustration [1]](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Menispermum_canadense_1.jpg)
American moon seed ( Menispermum canadense ), illustration |
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The moon seeds ( Menispermum ) are a genus of deciduous shrubs from East Asia and North America that carry black-blue drupes.
description
The moon seeds are summer-green, left-winding, climbing, lush bushes with thin, shiny olive-green to dark brown-red branches. The buds are hidden in the cup-shaped, circular or outlined leaf scar. The leaves are alternate. They are long-stalked, three- to seven-lobed, more or less shield-shaped and have leaf veins arranged in the shape of a hand. They are bald or finely haired. The underside of the leaf is very light and sometimes silvery. Stipules are not formed. The flowers are dioecious . They are yellow-green and inconspicuous and arranged in stalked, axillary grapes or panicles . The single flowers have four to ten spirally arranged sepals and six to nine petals , which are shorter than the sepals. The male flowers have 12 to 18, rarely up to 36 stamens , the female flowers have six to twelve staminodes and two to four carpels with wide, almost sessile stigmas . The fruits are 0.8 to 1 centimeter in size, black-blue drupes , which are in groups of two to three. The stone cores are 7 to 8 millimeters in size and flattened, kidney-shaped or cup-shaped.
The number of chromosomes for both species is 2n = 52.
photos
American moon seed flowers
Fruits and seeds of the American moon seed
Fruits of the Dahurian moon seed
distribution
Representatives of the moon seeds occur in temperate East Asia and in Atlantic North America and Mexico.
Systematics
The moon seeds ( Menispermum ) are a genus in the family of the moon seed plants (Menispermaceae). It is assigned two types :
- American moon seed ( Menispermum canadense L. )
- Dahurian moon seed ( Menispermum dauricum DC. )
The two types can be distinguished by the arrangement of the petiole. In the American lunar seed, the petiole ends near the leaf margin, in the Dahurian lunar seed away from the leaf margin, more in the middle of the leaf blade. Several species, which were also assigned to the genus of the moon seeds, are now counted to other genera, such as Cocculus or Tinospora .
The scientific name Monospermum is derived from the Greek men for "moon" and from sperma , "seed".
use
The two species are seldom planted as ornamental shrubs to cover arbors, fences or walls.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Illustration by John Sims (1749–1831), from Curtis's Botanical Magazine , volume 44, 1910 ( link )
- ↑ a b c d e f g Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 421
- ↑ Menispermum. In: Flora of North America Vol. 3. www.eFloras.org, accessed December 4, 2010 .
- ↑ Menispermum. In: Flora of China Vol. 7. www.eFloras.org, p. 15 , accessed on December 4, 2010 (English).
- ↑ Menispermum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Menispermum. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed December 4, 2010 .
literature
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 421.
