Monraburg

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Monraburg castle ruins
Plan of the Monraburg near Großmonra. [1] (Scale 1: 5000)

Plan of the Monraburg near Großmonra. (Scale 1: 5000)

Alternative name (s): Monraburg castle ruins
Creation time : around 2000 BC u. Z. (Bronze Age ramparts)
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Wall remains
Standing position : Noble, Hedan II. Count
Place: Great Monra
Geographical location 51 ° 14 '15.5 "  N , 11 ° 17' 26.6"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 14 '15.5 "  N , 11 ° 17' 26.6"  E
Height: 377  m above sea level NN
Monraburg (Thuringia)
Monraburg

The Monraburg is a ruined castle near Großmonra in the Sömmerda district in Thuringia . From Wallenburg still are parts of the rampart preserved.

Today the castle is under protection as a ground monument .

Geographical location

The ruin of the hilltop castle is at 377  m above sea level. NN north above the town of Großmonra in the vicinity of the Künzelsberg , the highest elevation of the Schmücke mountain range . At the exit of the Großmonra district of Burgwend , the Wendenburg rises to the left . This is followed by the Monraburg ridge with the remarkable remains of the prehistoric and early historical ramparts . The crossroads below the elevation leads to the right to the Kammerforst and to the left, rising steeply to the Monraburg and on to the Künzelsberg.

history

The region around the place Großmonra an der Schmücke was already settled in the Neolithic Age. To the north of the village was the Late Bronze Age and Early Medieval Wallburg Monraburg . The name of the castle is derived from the name of the original place "Monhore" (Monra). The Monraburg is considered to be the most important of the Bronze Age ramparts in the Thuringian Basin.

The Bronze Age ramparts were probably re-fortified by the Franks during the Merovingian Age , and they founded a farmyard at the foot of the mountain, which they called " curtis Monhore". The Duke of Thuringia, Hedan II. , Who resided in Würzburg, gave these as a monhore (see deed of gift ) on May 1, 704 to the missionary and Bishop Willibrord of Utrecht.

The Merovingian hill fort was apparently one of the earliest strong points of the Franks during the conquest. Some of the few Thuringian finds from the Merovingian period come from the Monraburg area . It is assumed that they used the castle.

In the 10th century the complex came to the Mainz Petersstift . The importance of the Wallburg has apparently waned quickly, because only the chapel on the eastern ledge of the chapel was used and the stones of the other castle complexes were used for the construction of the nearby Beichlingen Castle. In 1264, however, the castle was recorded as the property of the Mainz monastery .

The previous building of the Beichlingen village church was also built in 1710 with stones from the Monraburg.

The place of the castle is still surrounded by high earth walls. The enclosed area is about five hectares. The location of the chapel can be proven. The ramparts are explained by signs.

The chapel on the Monraburg is said to have been destroyed only in the Thirty Years War .

The Monraburg, together with the adjacent Wendenburg, turns out to be the central part of a branching rampart system that covers the entire ridge of the Schmücke. The earth walls built on top of each other in terraces, which are still visible today, go back a long way to prehistoric times . Stone weapons, worked flints and similar findings testify to the presence of prehistoric settlers in this wall system.

The predecessor buildings of the Beichlingen Palace - the stone high house , previously a wooden castle in the 9th century and its presumed predecessor in the form of a hill fort with palisades - probably also belonged to the extensive wall system of the decorations.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Paul Zschiesche: The prehistoric castles and ramparts in Thuringia , volume III, section IV. The prehistoric castles and ramparts on the high Schrecke, Schmücke and Finne. Sheet XV. Printing and publishing house Otto Hendel. Hall adSaale 1906.
  2. ↑ On tour with SÖMMI for the Thuringian hiking summer 2007 . In: Official Journal of the Sömmerda district . tape 15 , no. 23 . District of Sömmerda / Linus Wittich GmbH, June 13, 2007, p. 6 ( lra-soemmerda.de [PDF; 5.4 MB ; accessed on May 2, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  4. ↑ a b c Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. Wartberg Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , pp. 285-286.
  5. ↑ Interesting facts about the Sömmerda district. Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology, accessed on May 2, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Fabled story (s). Archived from the original on April 10, 2011 ; accessed on May 2, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Volker Schimpff: The Heden places in Thuringia. (PDF; 3.5 MB) Accessed May 2, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Martin Hahn: Chronicle of Großmonra. Retrieved May 2, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Alfred Götze , Paul Höfer and Paul Zschiesche (eds.): The prehistoric and early historical antiquities of Thuringia . Würzburg 1909, see keyword Monraburg digitized .
  10. ^ Marion Friedrich and Bernd Siebeck: From Finnberg to Künzelsberg. Retrieved May 2, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Alfred Götze, Paul Höfer and Paul Zschiesche (eds.): The prehistoric and early historical antiquities of Thuringia . Würzburg 1909, see keyword Monraburg digitized .
  12. ↑ Alfred Götze, Paul Höfer and Paul Zschiesche (eds.): The prehistoric and early historical antiquities of Thuringia . Würzburg 1909, see keyword Monraburg digitized .
  13. ↑ See the Förderverein Schloß Beichlingen e. V., representation of the history of the castle in accordance with the monument, section: The occasion for the anniversary of Beichlingen Castle .

Web links

Commons : Monraburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 125 .
  • Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia . Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 285-286 .
  • Paul Zschiesche: The prehistoric castles and ramparts in Thuringia. Book III, Section IV. The prehistoric castles and ramparts on the high Schrecke, Schmücke and Finne. Printing and publishing house Otto Hendel. Halle ad Saale 1906.