Montefollonico

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Montefollonico
TorritaDiSienaMontefollonicoPanorama.JPG
Panorama of Montefollonico
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
local community Torrita di Siena
Coordinates 43 ° 8 '  N , 11 ° 45'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 7 '40 "  N , 11 ° 44' 46"  E
height 567  m slm
Residents 476 (2017)
Telephone code 0577 CAP 53049

Montefollonico is a district ( fraction , Italian frazione ) of Torrita di Siena in the province of Siena , Tuscany region in Italy .

geography

Montefollonico is the only district of Torrita di Siena. In 2017 it had 476 inhabitants and is located approx. 10 km south of the main town between the Chiana (north) and the Orciatal (south). The provincial capital Siena is approx. 40 km northwest, the regional capital Florence approx. 80 km northwest. The district was awarded the Bandiera Arancione by the Touring Club Italiano and is located on a hill (567 m) and thus approx. 250 m higher than the main town of Torrita.

history

The place name comes from the activity of themselves to fulling wool ( Walken ) of wool and was first used by the Romans mentioned under the name Fullones. Since water is needed for walking, the first settlements arose below the hill that today forms the town center, near the Salarco stream and near the former monastery of Santa Maria a Montefollonico . The first buildings in today's town were built in the 10th century by the Ardinughi family , who built the first fortifications under the name Monte a Fullonico (also Monte a Fullonica ). The village of Montefollonico originated at the end of the 12th century and was first mentioned in writing in 1202 when representatives of the Republic of Siena signed a protection agreement for the place in the Chiesa di San Leonardo. First acts of war took place in 1229, when troops from Montepulciano besieged the place and partially destroyed it. After another siege by soldiers from Orvieto five years later, the Republic of Siena decided to expand the city walls and made the place a strategic point in their border defense, located on the borders with the city-states of Arezzo , Montepulciano, Orvieto and Perugia , which in part and, depending on the year , were allied with the Senese archenemy Florence . The expansion of the city walls meant the construction of connecting walls between the existing fortifications and the construction of three city gates:

  • Porta del Triano , eastern city gate
  • Porta del Pianello , also called Porta Nuova or Porta Senese , southern and present main gate, was expanded and reinforced in the 14th century.
  • Porta di Follonica , the western city gate and no longer exist today, was built on the still existing observation tower Torre Moreschini .

  • Porta Nuova

  • Porta del Triano

  • Porta Follonica 1919

  • The remains of the Porta Follonica and the Torre Moreschini

In 1268 Carlo d'Angiò conquered the place and gave it to Donosdeo Tolomei as a feudal surrender , but three years later the place was recaptured from Siena and around 1300 the city wall was reinforced by them again. In 1553 the place surrendered to the Medici troops in the Senese-Florentine conflict, the Republic of Siena surrendered two years later. Due to the historical circumstances, the place still belongs to the municipality of Torrita di Siena and not to the municipality of Montepulciano, which is in sight. Around 1877, with the mining of lignite and hard coal in underground mining, branches of industry emerged that lasted until the 1960s. Today's main source of income for the place is tourism and the production of Vin Santo .

Attractions

Church of San Leonardo
Church Chiesa del Triano
Church of San Bartolomeo
  • Chiesa di San Leonardo , main church of the place. First mentioned as Pieve in 1216 , it was built in a mixture of Romanesque and Gothic styles .
  • Chiesa di San Bartolomeo , a church built in the 12th century in the center of the village on the street leading to Porta del Triano.
  • Chiesa della Compagnia del Corpus Domini , church in the town center (Piazza Cinughi), was built before 1729.
  • Chiesa del Triano ( Santa Maria del Triano ), church from 1609, which is just outside the city walls near the Porta del Triano . Contains the work Trinità e Angeli adoranti by Ventura Salimbeni and frescoes by Rutilio Manetti . Was completely restored in 1988.
  • Monastero di Santa Maria a Montefollonico , former monastery below the city center, now in ruins. Was founded by the Benedictines around 1170 and came into possession of the Camaldolese in 1227 and of the Augustinian order in 1306 . Was destroyed in the 18th century.
  • Palazzo di Giustizia (literally Palace of Justice), town hall, in which the statutes of 1560 were established. Used today by the Poste Italiane .
  • Il Tondo (Eng. The round), geometric forest outside the city walls, created around 1825.
  • Sant'Anna , former chapel and church just outside the town center.

literature

  • Torrita di Siena e Montefollonico. Viti e Riccucci Edizioni, Sinalunga 1990
  • Laura Martini (ed.): I Luoghi della Fede: Montepulciano e la Valdichiana senese. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore , Milan 1999, ISBN 88-04-46787-8 , pp. 101-105.
  • Paola Paolini, Annamaria Russo: Le Mura di Montefollonico e di Torrita. B&B Editrice, Torrita di Siena 1992
  • Emanuele Repetti: Monte Follonica, Monte Follonico (S. Leonardo). In: Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana (1833–1846) , online edition of the University of Siena (PDF, Italian)
  • Touring Club Italiano : Toscana. Milan 2003, ISBN 88-365-2767-1 , pp. 750 f.

Web links

Commons : Montefollonico  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Italia in dettaglio zu Montefollonico , accessed on February 2, 2018 (Italian)
  2. ↑ Official website of ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on 2001 population figures in the province of Siena, accessed on February 2, 2018 (Italian)
  3. ↑ Official website of the municipality of Torrita di Siena on the district of Montefollonico and its history , accessed on February 2, 2018 (Italian)
  4. ↑ Torrita di Siena e Montefollonico , Viti e Riccucci Edizioni, Sinalunga 1990, p. 46
  5. ↑ Official website of the municipality of Torrita di Siena on the district of Montefollonico and its mining , accessed on February 2, 2018 (Italian)
  6. ↑ a b c Laura Martini (ed.): I Luoghi della Fede: Montepulciano e la Valdichiana senese.
  7. ↑ S. Anna, Piano di territorial coornadimento della Provincia di Siena (PDF, accessed on 22 July 2016 Italian)