Val d'Orcia
| Val d'Orcia | |
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UNESCO world heritage 
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| View of the Val D'Orcia |
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| National territory: |
 Italy
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| Type: | Culture |
| Criteria : | (iv), (vi) |
| Reference No .: | 1026 |
| UNESCO region : | Europe and North America |
| History of enrollment | |
| Enrollment: | 2004 (session 28) |
The landscape of the Val d'Orcia (Orciatal) lies in the southern part of the province of Siena in Tuscany , Italy . The name is derived from the Orcia river . Since 2004 the Val d'Orcia is part of the World Heritage of UNESCO .
description
The valley is part of the agricultural hinterland of Siena , which was redesigned and developed when it was settled by the city-state in the 14th and 15th centuries to reflect the idealized model of good government and create an aesthetically pleasing landscape.
The striking aesthetics of the landscape with its flat plains from which almost conical hills rise, inspired many artists. During the Renaissance , the area provided numerous motifs for their landscapes, particularly to the artists of the Siena School . Her paintings deal with the beauty of agricultural areas and the harmony of man and nature.
The landscape is similar to the Crete Senesi , here too Biancane (white rock) and Calanchi ( erosion channels ) dominate.
geography
The Val d'Orcia consists of the five municipalities Castiglione d'Orcia , Montalcino , Pienza , Radicofani and San Quirico d'Orcia and is located on the northern foothills of the Monte Amiata mountain . The rivers Asso , Formone , Orcia, Vellora and Vivo flow in the valley area . The area has an area of 61,188 hectares . The area is crossed by the historic Via Francigena and the Roman Via Cassia , some of which are the same route. In the northwest the landscape borders on the Crete Senesi, in the northeast on the Chiana Valley ( Val di Chiana , also Valdichiana ).
history
The Aldobrandeschi family , who were governors in Rocca d'Orcia until 1250, had a great influence on the area until the early late Middle Ages . Thereafter, families from Siena increasingly took control of the valley, such as the Salimbeni first , who grew stronger in the area around Castiglione d'Orcia and Radicofani. After its defeat by the Republic of Siena in 1418, other families from Siena then took control of the territory, with the Piccolomini family and especially their most famous Pope, Pius II , standing out. Under him and his architect Bernardo Rossellino , the small town of Corsignano became today's municipality of Pienza and the co-cathedral Santa Maria Assunta . Other construction projects like the dam at the river Orcia for the supply of Pienza, failed because of the death of Pius II. In 1464. In the conflict between Siena and Florence of the Medici Montalcino played an important role when the government of Siena to the siege of the city of Resided in Montalcino from 1555 to 1559, but then gave up after the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis . Thereafter, the Val d'Orcia became part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , and under the Medici, the infrastructure on the Via Francigena / Via Cassia improved.
During the Second World War , the Orcia Valley had a strategic position as an outpost of the Goths , where several war crimes were committed. This epoch was recorded in literary terms by Iris Origo in her book Tuscan Diary 1943/44: Years of War in Val d'Orcia .
More places and sights
- Abbey of Sant'Antimo , monastery in the local area of Montalcino
- Bagni San Filippo , thermal baths in the local area of Castiglione d'Orcia
- Bagno Vignoni , thermal baths in the local area of San Quirico d'Orcia
- Campiglia d'Orcia
- Parco Artistico Naturale e Culturale della Val d'Orcia, a natural park created in 1996
- Rocca d'Orcia , castle of the Aldobrandeschi near Castiglione d'Orcia
- Torrenieri , place on the Via Francigena, district of Montalcino
- Vivo d'Orcia , district of Castiglione d'Orcia on Monte Amiata
literature
- Bruno Santi: I luoghi della Fede. L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia , Arnoldo Mondadori Editore , Milan 1999, ISBN 88-04-46780-0
- Touring Club Italiano : Toscana , Milan 2003, ISBN 88-365-2767-1 , pp. 642-666
Web links
- Val d'Orcia on unesco.org (en, fr)
- Parco Artistico, Naturale e Culturale della Val d'Orcia (it, en)
- Val d'Orcia on italia.it (de)
- Val d'Orcia on terresiena.it (it, en)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Unesco
- ↑ Website of the Parco Artistico Naturale e Culturale della Val d'Orcia on the territory ( Memento of the original from March 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on April 19, 2013 (Italian)
- ↑ a b website intoscana.it for the Parco Artistico Naturale e Culturale della Val d'Orcia , accessed on April 19, 2013 (Italian)
- ↑ Alessandra Carniani: I Salimbeni. Quasi una signoria. Protagon Editori, Siena 1995, ISBN 88-8024-090-0
- ^ Langton Douglas: A History of Siena. Betti Editrice, Siena 2000 (Org. London 1902), ISBN 88-86417-61-6 , p. 264
- ↑ Iris Origo: Tuscan Diary 1943/44: Years of War in the Val d'Orcia. Publishing house CH Beck , Munich 1991
- ↑ Iris Origo: Tuscan Diary 1943/44: Years of War in the Val d'Orcia. Entry in the dnb German National Library
Historic city centers:
Assisi (with basilica , Sacro Convento and memorials of St. Francis) (2000) |
Florence (1982) |
Mantua and Sabbioneta (2008) |
Naples (1995) |
Pienza (1996) |
Rome (1980) |
San Gimignano (1990) |
Siena (1995) |
Urbino (1998) |
Verona (2000) |
Vicenza (with Palladio's villas in Veneto) (1994)
Buildings:
Arab-Norman Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale (2015) |
Padua Botanical Garden (1997) |
Castel del Monte (1995) |
Crespi d'Adda (1995) | Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (1996) |
Modena Cathedral , Bell Tower and Piazza Grande (1997) |
Strade Nuove and Palazzi dei Rolli in Genoa (2006) |
Ivrea , industrial city of the 20th century (2018) |
Centers of Power of the Lombards (2011) |
18th century palace of Caserta with park , the Vanvitelli aqueduct and San Leucio (1997) |
Piazza del Duomo in Pisa (1987) |
Residences of the Royal House of Savoy (1997) |
Sacri Monti in Piedmont and Lombardy (2003) |
Santa Maria delle Grazie with Leonardo da Vinci's “Last Supper” in Milan (1980) | The Sassi and the Park of the Rock Churches of Matera (1993) |
Trulli of Alberobello (1996) |
Villa d'Este in Tivoli (2001) |
Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (2013) |
Venetian Defense System of the 16th to 17th Centuries (2017)
Archaeological sites:
Agrigento (1997) |
Aquileia (with Basilica of the Patriarch ) (1998) | Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (2004) |
Valcamonica rock art (1979) |
Pompeii , Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata (1997) |
Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (2011) |
Su Nuraxi di Barumini (1997) |
Syracuse and the rock necropolis of Pantalica (2005) |
Villa Adriana (1999) |
Villa Romana del Casale (1997)
Cultural and natural landscapes:
Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017, N) |
Amalfi Coast (1997, K) |
Aeolian Islands (2000, N) |
Etna (2013, N) |
Cilento and Vallo di Diano with Elea , Paestum and the Charterhouse of Padula (1997, K) |
Dolomites (2009, N) |
Ferrara and the Po Delta (1995, K) |
Monte San Giorgio (2010, N) |
Portovenere and Cinque Terre with the islands of Palmaria , Tino and Tinetto (1997, K) |
Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina landscape (2008, K) |
Late baroque towns in Val di Noto (2002, K) |
Val d'Orcia (2004, K) |
Venice and its lagoon (1987, K) | Wine-growing regions in Piedmont: Langhe , Roero and Monferrato (2014, K)
Coordinates: 43 ° 4 ′ 0 ″ N , 11 ° 33 ′ 0 ″ E