Montalcino

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Montalcino
coat of arms
Montalcino (Italy)
Montalcino
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
Coordinates 43 ° 3 '  N , 11 ° 29'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 3 '0 "  N , 11 ° 29' 0"  E
height 567  m slm
surface 243 km²
Residents 5,770 (Dec 31, 2019)
Population density 24 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 53024, 53020 (Montisi, San Giovanni d'Asso)
prefix 0577
ISTAT number 052037
Popular name Montalcinesi
Patron saint Maria Santissima del Soccorso
(May 8th)
Website Montalcino
Panorama of Montalcino
Panorama of Montalcino

Montalcino is an Italian municipality with 5770 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Siena in the Tuscany region .

geography

Location of Montalcino in the province of Siena

The community (in German about: stone oak mountain, from holm oak (Quercus ilex) originating and anchored in the local coat of arms) extends over 243 km². It is located approx. 31 km southeast of the provincial capital Siena and 81 km southeast of the regional capital Florence in the Val d'Orcia near the Via Cassia and the Via Francigena in the climatic classification of Italian communities in Zone E, 2308 GG. The rivers Asso , Ente , Merse , Ombrone and Orcia cross the municipality. The town center is divided into the quarters ( Quartieri ) Borghetto (white-red colors), Pianello (white-blue colors), Ruga (yellow-blue colors) and Travaglio (yellow-red colors).

The community is divided into the districts of Camigliano (234 m, approx. 40 inhabitants), Castelnuovo dell'Abate (385 m, approx. 340 inhabitants), Monte Amiata (186 m, approx. 30 inhabitants, partly also the local area of ​​Castiglione d 'Oricia), Montisi (413 m, approx. 330 inhabitants), San Giovanni d'Asso (310 m, approx. 850 inhabitants), Sant'Angelo in Colle (444 m, approx. 160 inhabitants), Sant'Angelo Scalo ( 106 m, approx. 185 inhabitants), Tavernelle (302 m, approx. 25 inhabitants) and Torrenieri .

The neighboring municipalities are Asciano , Buonconvento , Castel del Piano ( GR ), Castiglione d'Orcia , Cinigiano (GR), Civitella Paganico (GR), Murlo , San Quirico d'Orcia and Trequanda .

history

The fortress of Montalcino

Already settled by the Etruscans , the area around Mons Ilcinus was given to the monks of the Abbey of Sant'Antimo by Louis the Pious on December 29, 814 . From 1198 Siena tried to bring the place under control, which in 1202 after the peace treaty of Fonterutoli (today part of Castellina in Chianti ) with Florence happened in 1201. The existing city wall and fortifications were destroyed. In the following years the place became the plaything of the powers from Siena and Florence, whereby the place occasionally regained its freedom, but afterwards was again harassed by the Sienese. B. 1252, when Siena besieged the place and Florence rushed to help. After the battle of Montaperti in 1260 and the associated victory of Siena over Florence, the place finally fell into the Senesian sphere of influence. Relative peace in Montalcino lasted for about a century, then conflicts arose with the community that gave refuge to fugitives from Siena. So 1355 troops were sent from Siena to bring the place back on line. The peace agreement from 1361 contained the promise from Montalcino not to support any more fugitives. In return, Siena granted the citizens of Montalcino Senesian citizenship and built the Fortezza (fortress, also called Rocca ). In addition, Siena reinforced the city walls, on which Clement VII's troops failed in 1525. Montalcino also resisted the attacks of the Medici and the Spanish units in the war between Florence and Siena in 1553. Siena, for its part, had to surrender to the siege of the city by Florence on April 21, 1555. As a result, a shadow republic of Siena ( Repubblica di Siena riparata in Montalcino ) was established in Montalcino , which under Piero Strozzi and Blaise de Montesquiou (Biagio di Monluc) lasted until 1559, the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis , and was then incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany . The historical ties to Siena can still be seen in the run-up to the Palio di Siena , where only two municipalities from outside are allowed to take part in the historical parade ( passeggiata storica , also called corteo storico ): Massa Marittima and Montalcino.

On January 1, 2017, the place merged with the neighboring municipality of San Giovanni d'Asso , the place name Montalcino remained.

Attractions

Inside the city walls

San Salvatore , the cathedral of Montalcino
Remains of the city wall
Remains of the city gate Porta Gattoli
Chiesa di San Francesco
Palazzo dei Priori
Santuario della Madonna del Soccorso
  • Duomo di Montalcino (Concattedrale del Santissimo Salvatore), co- cathedral of the Archdiocese of Siena-Colle di Val d'Elsa-Montalcino since 1986 , is located in the historic center. Developed from the Pieve di San Salvatore , a pieve that was created around the year 1000 and was named cathedral by Pius II in 1462 . The church was almost completely renovated between 1818 and 1832 and laid out in neoclassical style, the construction plans were made by Agostino Fantastici . The campanile dates from the 18th century. Inside are the works of art Immacolata Concezione con Gesù e Dio Padre (created in 1588) and San Giovanni Battista nel deserto by Francesco Vanni , San Michele Arcangelo che scaccia gli angeli ribelli dal Paradiso from the environment of Domenico Beccafumi and the painting Madonna Assunta tra angeli con i Santi Ippolito Vescovo e Cipriano Martire by Francesco Nasini , created in 1647.
  • Fortezza , also known as Castello di Montalcino or Cassero , castle or fortification that was completed by the Republic of Siena in 1361. Architects were Mino Foresi and Domenico di Feo. Parts of the older city wall were incorporated here (Bastione di San Martino).
  • City walls from the 13th and 14th centuries with the six city gates:
    • Porta Burelli (still available, northern gate)
    • Porta Castellana (still partially available, eastern gate, also called Porta di Fonte Buia or Fontebuia )
    • Porta Cerbaia (still available, southern gate)
    • Porta al Corno (no longer available today, northwest gate)
    • Porta al Cassero (near the castle, still available, southwest gate)
    • Porta Gattoli (parts of it still exist, southeast gate)
  • Sant'Agostino , church near the 14th century cathedral. Contains works ascribed to Bartolo di Fredi ( Storie di Sant'Agostino , Evangelisti and Dottori della Chiesa )
  • Chiesa di Sant'Antonio Abate , church mentioned in 1448 with a facade from the 18th century. Contains Pietro Sorri 's painting Morte di Sant'Antonio Abate from 1502.
  • Chiesa dei Bianchi , also called Madonna della Pace . Today the Church of the Misericordia. Contains the 16th century painting Santi Elisabetta d'Ungheria e Ludovico di Tolosa adoranti la Madonna col Bambino tra i Santi Francesco e Chiara , also called "Madonna della Pace" (located on the high altar).
  • Chiesa di Sant'Egidio , also called Chiesa dei Senesi . Was built in 1325 by the Republic of Siena and was their official church. Contains the work Cristo risorto e Santi by Alessandro Casolani .
  • Ex-Chiesa di Sant'Egidio , former church first mentioned in 1048.
  • Chiesa di San Francesco , former church that is now owned by the municipality. It was built in the 13th century on the site of the older church of Sant'Angelo in Castelvecchio , which belonged to the Abbey of Sant'Antimo, and given to the Franciscans in 1285 . From 1788 to 1795 the church was rebuilt by Tommaso Paccagnini. Contains frescoes by Vincenzo di Benedetto di Chele Tamagni ( Storie della vita della Vergine , Domine quo vadis? And Caduto di Simon Mago , all created in 1510), paintings by Ventura Salimbeni ( San Simone Stock che riceve dalle Vergine lo scapolare ) and Alessandro Casolani ( Allegoria dell'immacolata concezione ).
  • Chiesa di San Lorenzo in San Pietro , 14th century church that belonged to the Abbey of Sant'Antimo. Was renewed in the 16th century and contains the works Christo consegna le chiavi a San Pietro (created in 1599), Disputa dell'Eucarestia (created in 1600) and Christo inchiodato alla Croce (created in 1604) by Ventura Salimbeni .
  • Palazzo Comunale , today's town hall of the city ( Municipio ).
  • Palazzo dei Priori (also called Palazzo Comunale , also contains the Cappella delle Carceri ), government palace on the main square Piazza del Popolo from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century with tower. The loggia opposite dates from the 14th century.
  • Museo Civico e Diocesano d'Arte Sacra , art museum in the ex-Convento degli Agostiniani (Convento di Sant'Agostino), was created in 1987 from the Museo Civico (founded in 1958) and the Museo Diocesano d'Arte Sacra (created in 1925 and expanded in 1953). The museum has almost 200 works of art, which are exhibited in 12 rooms, including works by Bartolo di Fredi ( Incoronazione della Vergine , Polittico from 1388, a total of 14 works from 1382 to 1388), Domenico di Agostino ( Annunciata , 1369 ), Giovanni d'Agostino ( Angelo annunciante ) (all room A), Ambrogio Lorenzetti ( San Paolo and San Pietro , Francesco di Valdambrino (both room B), Sano di Pietro ( Madonna dell'Umiltà , room C), Andrea della Robbia (Room D), Marco Pino ( Madonna col Bambino, San Giuseppe e San Francesco , Room E), Francesco Rustici ( Madonna con il Bambino, San Giovannino, il beato Bernardo Tolomei e Sant'Onofrio , Room F), Giovanni Bologna (Room N) and Biagio di Goro Ghezzi ( Sant'Agostino e San Paolo , wood painting, comes from the church of Sant'Antonio Abate in Montalcino). Rooms K and J do not exist.
  • Santuario della Madonna del Soccorso , sanctuary at the former city gate Porta Corniolo . Was built around 1330 over an older church, the campanile dates from 1782, the travertine facade from 1820. The works of art within the sanctuary include the works of Assunzione della Vergine by Vincenzo di Benedetto di Chele Tamagni (1527) and Calvario by Francesco Vanni .
  • Spedale di Santa Maria della Croce , hospital founded in 1214 in Via Cavour. Today it houses parts of the municipal administration. Contains a room decorated with frescoes by Tamagni from 1510/12.
  • Fonte Castellana (also Fonti Castellane ), fountain in the Pianello district near Porta Castellana, mentioned as early as the 16th century.
  • Teatro degli Astrusi , theater that was first mentioned in 1678 and was built in 1763 by the architect Leonardo de 'Vegni at the current location near the Palazzo dei Priori.

Outside the city walls

The church of Santa Maria delle Grazie
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Grazie , church just outside the city gate Porta Burelli. Was built in the 14th century and suffered severe damage in the war for the community in 1553. Was restored in 1577 and is now owned by the community.
  • Chiesa della Madonna del Latte , church just south of Montalcino (Via Osticcio) near the Pineta on the old road to Sant'Angelo in Colle. The building was probably built in the 16th century and has been known as the church since 1756.
  • Convento dell'Osservanza , convent just outside the city walls. Was first mentioned in the 16th century, the current construction is from the 18th century. Inside there is the Church della Natività di Maria , which contained works by Sano di Pietro and Girolamo di Benvenuto .
  • Fonte Buia (also Fontebuia ), ruined fountain just outside the Porta Castellana, probably built around the year 1000 and the oldest fountain in the city.
  • Badia Ardenga (with the church Chiesa di Sant'Andrea Apostolo ), about 8 km north on the Ombrone river, monastery founded in the 11th century by the Vallombrosans and dissolved by Pius II in 1462.
  • Castiglion del Bosco , 13th century castle that was later converted into a villa. The church of San Michele has works by Pietro Lorenzetti .

In the districts

The Abbey of Sant'Antimo

Castelnuovo dell'Abate

  • Abbey of Sant'Antimo , one of the most important monasteries in Italy.
  • Pieve dei Santi Filippo e Giacomo , Pieve in the center of the district Castelnuovo dell'Abate from the 15th century, which was created by the adjoining Abbey of Sant'Antimo.

Montisi

  • Grancia di Montisi , Tenth Court of Santa Maria della Scala (Siena)
  • Pieve della Santissima Annunziata
  • Chiesa delle Sante Flora e Lucilla
  • Oratorio di Sant'Antonio abate della compagnia del Santissimo Sacramento
  • Santuario della Madonna delle Nevi (Chiesa della Torricella)
  • Oratorio di San Bartolomeo
  • Chiesa di Santa Lucia

San Giovanni d'Asso

  • Pieve di San Giovanni Battista , Pieve in close proximity to the castle.
  • Chiesa di San Pietro in Villore , church near the castle.
  • Chiesa della Misericordia , church near the castle.
  • Chiesa della Madonna del Tribbio , church outside the village.

Sant'Angelo in Colle

  • Pieve di San Michele Arcangelo , Pieve in the town center.
  • Chiesa della Madonna della Misericordia , church in the town center.
  • Chiesa di San Pietro , church just outside the fortification walls.
  • Torrione del Palazzaccio , former fortification in the town center.

Torrenieri

  • Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena , church in the town center.
  • Oratorio della Compagnia di San Rocco , church / chapel in the town center.
  • Monastero di San Piero ad Asso , ruined monastery near Torrenieri.

Other localities

The hamlet of Camigliano
  • Pieve dei Santi Biagio e Donato , Pieve in the district of Camigliano.
  • Pieve di Santa Restituta , already 650 documented Pieve, located approx. 5 km southwest of the main town.
  • Poggio alle Mura , 14th century fortification that contains the Pieve di San Sigismondo . Located about 10 km southwest of Montalcino and is now also called Villa Banfi . It houses the museum Il Museo della Bottiglia e del Vetro (Glass and Bottle Museum ), whose collection includes works by Jean Cocteau , Salvador Dalí and Pablo Picasso .
  • Chiesa di San Biagio , church in the Località Lucignano d'Asso.
  • Chiesa della Compagnia del Santissimo Rosario , church in the Località Lucignano d'Asso.
  • Chiesa di San Lorenzo , church in the Località Montegriffoli.
  • Chiesa di San Lorenzo , church in the località Vergelle.
  • Castello di Montelifrè , castle ruins in Località Montelifrè.

Regular events

  • Sagra del Tordo (Drosselfest): The 'Drosselfest', which has been celebrated annually on the last Sunday in October since 1958, is colorful and exciting. It is a folk competition between the four districts of the town center ( Borghetto , Pianello , Ruga and Travaglio ), which takes place in the form of an archery and opens the hunting season. At the beginning there is a historical procession to the Fortezza, the place of the competition.
Vines for the Brunello di Montalcino

Viticulture

Soils, location and climate of the area favor viticulture. He made the place world famous. The top product is the Brunello di Montalcino , which is indisputably one of the most expensive top wines in Italy. The wineries in and around Montalcino are therefore a magnet for visitors. The Rosso di Montalcino wine is also well known .

traffic

The historical Via Francigena and the historical and today's (modern) Via Cassia run through the local area .

In the local area there are train stations that used to be served by the Asciano-Monte Antico railway line (mostly until 1994) . Today only a tourist train (Treno Natura) passes here. The (former) train stations in the municipality include the stops San Giovanni d'Asso , Torrenieri , Monte Amiata and Sant'Angelo-Cinigiano .

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

Web links

Commons : Montalcino  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ^ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on April 28, 2013 (Italian) (PDF file; 322 kB)
  3. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the rivers in Montalcino , accessed on March 21, 2013 (Italian)
  4. ↑ a b Pro Loco Montalcino to Sagra and the Quartieri , accessed on January 24, 2017 (Italian)
  5. ↑ Official website of ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on 2001 population figures in the province of Siena, accessed on April 28, 2013 (Italian)
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h TCI
  7. ↑ a b c d Repetti
  8. ^ Langton Douglas: A History of Siena. Betti Editrice, Siena 2000 (Org. London 1902), ISBN 88-86417-61-6 , p. 264.
  9. ^ Montalcino News: Il Palio, la storia che lega Siena e Montalcino. Retrieved January 24, 2017 (Italian)
  10. ^ Unione comuni di Montalcino e San Giovanni d'Asso nominato il commissario prefettizio. Ministry of Interior website, accessed January 12, 2017 (Italian)
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bruno Santi: I Luoghi della Fede. L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia.
  12. ^ Ottavio Matteini: Siena fuori campo. Bargello Editori, ISBN 88-85271-08-1 , p. 111.
  13. ↑ a b Elisabetta Avanzati: Raccolta archeologica, medievale e moderna. In Musei del Senese , Nuova Immagine Editrice, Siena 2007, ISBN 978-88-7145-255-5 , p. 223 ff.
  14. ^ Associazione storico-culturale Sant'Agostino on the painting Sant'Agostino e San Paolo in the Museo Civico e Diocesano d'Arte Sacra in Montalcino , accessed on July 12, 2014 (Italian)
  15. ↑ Francesco Ripaccioli: La forza del Pianello è la ricchezza del territorio. In: Montalcino News of August 8, 2015, accessed January 24, 2017 (Italian)
  16. ↑ Teatro degli Astrusi, piazza Garibaldi. Website of the municipality of Montalcino, accessed on August 5, 2017 (Italian)
  17. ↑ Il Tirreno on the Madonna del Latte church, accessed on August 3, 2017 (Italian), with ill.
  18. ↑ Chiesa della Madonna del Latte <Montalcino> , website of the Chiese delle Diocesi italiane (Ufficio Nazionale per i beni culturali ecclesiastici e l'edilizia di culto e Servizio Informatico della Conferenza Episcopale Italiana), accessed on August 3, 2017 (Italian)
  19. ^ Montalcino News: Fonte Buia e un antico percorso, le “riscoperte” del Rinascimento medievale. Retrieved January 24, 2017 (Italian)
  20. ↑ a b c I percorsi della Via Francigena nelle terre di Siena
  21. ↑ Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza (IMSS) Florence to the Museo della Bottiglia e del Vetro (Castello di Poggio alle Mura) , accessed on May 2, 2013 (Italian / English)
  22. ↑ Treno Natura on the Terre di Siena website , accessed on January 22, 2017 (Italian)
  23. ^ Hellmut Hager : Giovan Battista Contini in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 28 (1983)
  24. ↑ (www.itinerarilorenesi.it/index.php?sezione=12&dettaglio=221) Website Itinerari lorenesi in Toscana of the Regione Toscana to Agostino Fantastici, accessed on May 2, 2013 (Italian), no longer available.
  25. ↑ Marco Borgogni names Siena as the place of birth in the DBI, see DBI Volume 44 (1994)