Gaiole in Chianti

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Gaiole in Chianti
coat of arms
Gaiole in Chianti (Italy)
Gaiole in Chianti
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
Coordinates 43 ° 28 '  N , 11 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 28 '0 "  N , 11 ° 26' 0"  E
height 360  m slm
surface 129 km²
Residents 2,635 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 20 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 53013
prefix 0577
ISTAT number 052013
Popular name Gaiolesi
Patron saint San Sigismondo
Website Gaiole in Chianti
View of Gaiole in Chianti
View of Gaiole in Chianti

Gaiole in Chianti is an Italian commune with 2635 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Siena in the Tuscany region .

geography

Location of Gaiole in Chianti in the province of Siena

The municipality is located about 40 km southeast of Florence and about 15 km northeast of Siena in the Chianti region and in the Chianti Classico wine-growing region . The place extends over approx. 129  km² and is in the climatic classification of Italian communities in the zone D 1 958 GR / G. The river Ambra rises in the southern municipality (5 km in the municipality), and the municipality is crossed by the Arbia (6 km) and the Torrente Massellone (12 km).

Gaiole in Chianti consists of the districts Adine (525 m, approx. 15 inhabitants), Badia a Coltibuono , Barbischio (454 m, approx. 30 inhabitants), Casanova d'Ama (505 m, approx. 20 inhabitants), Castagnoli (505 m, approx. 90 inhabitants), (Il) Colle (408 m, approx. 30 inhabitants), Galenda (485 m, approx. 15 inhabitants), Lecchi in Chianti (also Lecchi di Gaiole , 421 m, approx. 110 inhabitants) , Lucignano (619 m, approx. 15 inhabitants), (La) Madonna (450 m, approx. 20 inhabitants), Montegrossi (639 m, approx. 25 inhabitants), Monti (380 m, approx. 240 inhabitants), Nusenna ( 561 m, approx. 40 inhabitants), Poggio San Polo (527 m, approx. 30 inhabitants), Rietine (468 m, approx. 50 inhabitants), San Giusto alle Monache (305 m, approx. 25 inhabitants), San Martino al Vento (485 m, approx. 40 inhabitants), San Regolo (462 m, approx. 65 inhabitants), San Sano (391 m, approx. 70 inhabitants), San Vincenti (520 m, approx. 10 inhabitants) and Vertine (505 m, approx. 30 inhabitants).

The neighboring municipalities are Bucine ( AR ), Castelnuovo Berardenga , Cavriglia (AR), Montevarchi (AR) and Radda in Chianti .

history

The place name Gaiole was first mentioned in the 11th century. In the 12th (as Mercato di Gajole or Mercato di Barbistio ) and 13th centuries, the place developed into the marketplace of the many castles that are around today's capital and was under the influence of the Republic of Florence. In the same century, along with Castellina in Chianti and Radda in Chianti, the place became one of the three main towns of the Lega del Chianti , founded by the Republic of Florence shortly before or after the Battle of Montaperti (1260) to protect the territorial claims of Florence . From 1400 until the defeat of Siena in 1555, the place served as a military camp of the Florentines on the outer border with the Republic of Siena and was attacked several times, such as in 1478, when the troops of Ferdinand I briefly took the place with Siena. After the defeat of Siena, the place lost its importance as a market place on the border (to Siena). Under Grand Duke Leopold I , today's community was established in 1774 and the market was closed shortly after the Napoleonic occupation. After the vote for the unity of Italy in 1860 (whereby in Gaiole only about a third of the eligible voters voted, 310 for and 187 against the unity) the place became part of the province of Siena.

Population development

The Via Bettino Ricasoli in the center of Gaiole (the former marketplace)

Attractions

Castles

  • Castello di Ama , first mentioned in 1219 as castello curte . Was considerably damaged in the conflict between Siena and Florence from 1553–1555 and was later converted into a villa.
  • Castello di Barbischio , today's castle ruins in the district of Barbischio. Belonged to the Ricasoli and the Guidi . Suffered considerable damage in 1230 when Siena besieged the place.
  • Castello di Brolio , castle in the district of San Regolo (533 m), owned by the Ricasoli family, of whom Bettino Ricasoli comes from. First mentioned in the 12th century.
  • Castello di Cacchiano , first mentioned in the 11th century.
  • Castello di Castagnoli , first mentioned in 1098 as curte et castello .
  • Castello di San Donato in Perano , 11th century castle between Gaiole, Vertine and Radda. It belonged to the Strozzi from the 16th to the 19th century and is now home to a wine-growing business.
  • Castello di Lecchi , also Castello di Monteluco a Lecchi or Monteluco di Lecchi , first mentioned castle in the district of Lecchi in 998.
  • Castello di Lucignano , first mentioned in the 10th century.
  • Castello di Meleto , 11th century castle. Belonged to the Ricasoli from the middle of the 13th century until 1969. In 1736 the castle was converted into a villa under Giovanni Francesco Ricasoli, and the small theater inside the villa was built in 1742.
  • Castello di Montegrossoli , castle ruins near the districts of Montegrossi and Coltibuono. The medieval castle was first destroyed in 1172. After the reconstruction, it was destroyed again in 1530 by the troops of Charles V and was not rebuilt afterwards.
  • Castello di Tornano , castle in Tornano.
  • Castello di Vertine , castle mentioned in 997. Later belonged to the Ricasoli family.

Churches and monasteries

The church of San Sigismondo, today's main church of the community near the town center
The Pieve a Klassenna near the town center
Chiesa di San Bartolomeo in the Vertine district
Chiesa di San Pietro in Avenano
  • San Sigismondo , church in the main town, consecrated in 1959.
  • Badia a Coltibuono , monastery
  • Pieve di San Giusto in Salcio , Pieve mentioned as early as 1018 .
  • Pieve di San Marcellino , church in the Monti district, mentioned as early as the 11th century.
  • Pieve di Santa Maria a Columnna , Pieve, first mentioned in the 12th century.
  • Pieve di San Polo in Rosso , Pieve, first mentioned in 1070 in the documents of the Badia a Coltibuono.
  • Pieve di San Vincenti , 7th century church first mentioned in 1104 as Pieve.
  • Sant'Andrea , church in the Adine district, probably from the 12th century.
  • San Bartolomeo a Vertine , 11th century church in the Vertine district, contained the works Madonna dei Raccomandati by Simone Martini and Madonna col Bambino ei Santi Bartolomeo, Giovanni Evangelista, Maddalena e Antonio abate (1430) by Bicci di Lorenzo . Both paintings are now in the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena .
  • San Cristofano a Lucignano , church of the castle in Lucignano
  • Santi Giusto e Clemente a Nusenna , church in the district of Nusenna
  • San Jacopo a Barbischio , church in the district of Barbischio
  • San Lorenzo , church in the district of Ama
  • San Lorenzo a Mello
  • San Marcellino in Colle , church outside the hamlet of Monti
  • Santa Maria , church in the district of Rietine
  • San Martino , church in the district of San Martino al Vento
  • San Martino , church in the Lecchi district, church mentioned at the end of the 13th century.
  • San Martino a Starda , church in Starda.
  • San Pietro in Avenano , a church documented as early as the 10th century, contained the work Madonna tra i Santi Vincenzo, Pietro, Paolo e Lorenzo by Luca di Tommè (today in the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena).
  • Santi Pietro e Paolo a Castagnoli , church just outside Castagnoli
  • San Regolo , church in the district of San Regolo
  • San Sano , church in the district of San Sano, which was mentioned as early as the 13th century.
  • Compagnia del Corpus Domini , church in the district of Lecchi
  • Oratorio dei Pianigiani , chapel / oratory near Casanova di Ama
  • Santuario dell'Annunciazione , also called Madonna a Brolio , district of San Regolo. Was built after the storm of 1901 on the site of the SS. Annunziata church, which was built in 1420.

Sports

  • The L'Eroica cycling race starts in Gaiole in Chianti.
  • From 2007 (first edition) to 2013, the Strade Bianche bike race also started in Gaiole in Chianti.

traffic

The place is on the provincial road SP 408, which leads from Siena to Montevarchi. The Valdarno junction is located here on the A1 Autostrada , approx. 25 km from Gaiole in Chianti. The junction of Siena is also around 25 km away.

literature

Web links

Commons : Gaiole in Chianti  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ^ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on April 1, 2013 (Italian) (PDF file; 322 kB)
  3. Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the rivers in Gaiole in Chianti , accessed on April 1, 2013 (Italian)
  4. Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on the municipalities of the Province of Siena (2001), accessed on October 9, 2016 (Italian)
  5. a b c d e f g h i j k l Enrico Bosi, Giovanna Magi: I Castelli del Chianti.
  6. a b Emanuele Repetti: GAJOLE (Gajolae già Cajolum) del Chianti nella Valle dell'Arbia.
  7. ^ A b Touring Club Italiano: Toscana.
  8. a b EcoMuseoChianti: Storia di Gaiole in Chianti. Retrieved October 16, 2016 (Italian)
  9. EcoMuseoChianti on the Lega del Chianti , accessed on October 16, 2016 (Italian)
  10. ^ Ovidio Guaita: Le ville della Toscana. Newton & Compton editori, Rome 1997, ISBN 88-8183-787-0 , p. 339
  11. ^ Ovidio Guaita: Le ville della Toscana. Newton & Compton editori, Rome 1997, ISBN 88-8183-787-0 , p. 386 ff.
  12. a b c d e I Luoghi della Fede. Tuscany region website, accessed October 16, 2016 (Italian)
  13. Pieve di Columns ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the municipality, accessed on October 16, 2016 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comune.gaiole.si.it
  14. Adine ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the municipality, accessed on October 16, 2016 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comune.gaiole.si.it
  15. Lecchi ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the municipality, accessed on October 16, 2016 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comune.gaiole.si.it
  16. San Sano ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the municipality, accessed on October 16, 2016 (Italian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comune.gaiole.siena.it
  17. EcoMuseoChianti for the Oratorio dei Pianigiani , accessed on October 19, 2016 (Italian)
  18. Website of the Diocesi di Arezzo-Cortona-Sansepolcro on the Santuario dell'Annunciazione (Madonna a Brolio), accessed on October 19, 2016 (Italian)