Charterhouse of Padula

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Charterhouse of Padula

The Charterhouse of Padula (Italian Certosa di Padula ), also Charterhouse of St. Laurentius in Padula ( Certosa di San Lorenzo di Padula ) is a Carthusian monastery in Padula in the province of Salerno , Campania . In 1998 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The entire walled area including the park has an area of ​​250,000 m²; 30,000 m² of which are built over. The building has around 320 rooms and halls. The cloister is the largest in the world and covers around 12,000 m².

history

Smaller courtyard
Founder's Chapel

The Charterhouse was founded on January 28, 1306 by Tommaso Sanseverino, a Count of Marsico from the House of Sanseverino , near Padula, for which he had acquired the Church of San Lorenzo and associated property through an exchange of goods from the Montevergine Abbey . The deed of donation was confirmed by King Charles II on April 27, 1306 , and construction of the complex began.

The monastery church was completed in 1374, but has since been rebuilt. In 1535, Emperor Charles V visited the monastery on his return from the successful Tunis campaign . Today, the monastery and garden are mainly characterized by baroque style elements that stem from renovations in the 16th century and were based on the example of the Spanish Escorial , which was named after St. Laurentius is named. The cloister is framed by 84 columns. The cells adjoin the cloister ; Each of the monks of the monastery had two rooms and an anteroom with their own access to the monastery garden , which with fountains and borders conveys the baroque desire for nature. The stairs to the library are located in the southwest corner of the cloister; the spiral staircase is made of 38 monolithic marble steps anchored in the outer wall without columns. On the northwest side of the cloister an octagonal, open grand staircase was added by the builder Gaetano Barba from 1761 to 1763 . Two two-flight stairs lead to the upper floor of the cloister. The stairwell is vaulted by an elliptical dome.

Napoleonic soldiers captured and looted the facility in 1806, robbing it of many of its works of art. Afterwards, a number of her works of art and the important library were outsourced.

The monastery was closed in 1866 and the property was annexed by the state. During the First World War, the monastery buildings served as a prisoner-of-war camp for Czech and Slovak soldiers from the Austro-Hungarian army , from which volunteers were recruited for the Czechoslovak legions , among other things .

The complex was recognized as a national monument in 1882, but it was not restored to any significant degree until 1960. The monastery has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site together with the Archaeological Sites of Paestum and Velia and the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park .

  • patio

  • Main staircase

  • Detail of the staircase

literature

  • Giovanni Vitolo: San Lorenzo di Padula . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 7, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7608-8907-7 , Sp. 1174.
  • La Certosa di Padula disegnata, descritta e narrata su documenti inediti dal prof. sac. Antonio Sacco. 4 full. Tipografia dell'Unione Editrice, Roma 1916 (ristampa anastatica, sotto il patrocinio del Comune di Sant'Arsenio, a cura di Vittorio e Angelina Bracco, Arti grafiche Boccia, Salerno 1982).
  • Mario De Cunzo, Vega De Martini: La Certosa di Padula . Centro Di, Firenze 1985, ISBN 88-7038-112-9
  • La Certosa ritrovata . Catalogo della mostra tenuta a Padula, Certosa di San Lorenzo. Soprintendenza per i Beni Ambientali Architettonici Artistici e Storici di Salerno e Avellino. De Luca Edizioni d'Arte, Roma 1988, ISBN 88-7813-149-0
  • La Certosa di San Lorenzo a Padula a cura di Vega de Martini. Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali, Soprintendenza per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici di Salerno e Avellino. Electa Napoli, Napoli 2000, ISBN 88-435-8624-6

Web links

Commons : Certosa di San Lorenzo (Padula)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 40 ° 20 ′ 14 ″  N , 15 ° 39 ′ 7 ″  E