Chiana

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Chiana
Clanis, Chiani, Chiane
The Chiana (Canale maestro della Chiana) near Foiano della Chiana

The Chiana ( Canale maestro della Chiana ) near Foiano della Chiana

Data
location Tuscany and Umbria , central Italy
River system Tiber
River basin district Appennino Centrale
source in the Apennines of Arezzo
muzzle near Orvieto in the Paglia coordinates: 42 ° 43 ′ 41 "  N , 12 ° 7 ′ 46"  E 42 ° 43 ′ 41 "  N , 12 ° 7 ′ 46"  E

length 42 km

The Chiana [ ˈkjaːna ] (ancient clanis , also called Chiani ) is a 42 km long river in the Italian regions of Tuscany and Umbria .

course

The Chiana ( Canale maestro della Chiana ) near Castroncello (district of Castiglion Fiorentino )

The river has its source in the Apennines of Arezzo ( province of Arezzo ) and initially flows south through the valley of Chiusi ( province of Siena ). Then he leaves Tuscany and enters Umbria . Here it passes Città della Pieve ( Province of Perugia ), where the Torrente Astrone flows in from the right at the district of Ponticelli . It then reaches the municipal area of Fabro ( Terni province ) and flows further south to Ficulle , where it initially acts briefly as the northern border with Montegabbione and then serves as the border with Parrano in the eastern municipality . In Orvieto it first passes the Ponte di Ferro and then flows between Ciconia and Orvieto Scalo towards the Paglia from the left. Together with him, it flows into the Tiber a few kilometers later .

history

The Chiana Valley in a drawing by Leonardo da Vinci

The river changed its course several times in its history. First it flowed to the Arno, then, at the time of the Etruscans , it ended as a tributary to the Tiber, where it crossed Lake Trasimeno . Historically, it often caused considerable floods in the valley of Clusium ( Chiusi ), which were felt as far as Rome. In the year 15 it was suggested to divert part of the water of the Chiana into the Arnus ( Arno ). This project was abandoned because of the opposition by the Florentines (Tac. Ann I. 79).

In the Middle Ages, the entire valley between Arezzo and Chiusi was an uninhabitable swamp; but towards the end of the 18th century, the engineer Conte Fossombroni took matters into his own hands and relocated the watershed around 25 km further south, so that the water now flows partly over the Canale maestro della Chiana into the Arno and partly into the Tiber.

Canale maestro della Chiana

The canal is created near Lake Chiusi and initially flows through Lake Montepulciano in the eastern municipality of Montepulciano . It now flows north between the municipalities of Torrita di Siena and Sinalunga (both province of Siena) and Cortona , Foiano della Chiana and Marciano della Chiana (all province of Arezzo). In the western municipality of Castiglion Fiorentino , the Torrente Esse enters from the right . Flowing further north, it now forms the border between Monte San Savino and Civitella in Val di Chiana with the provincial capital Arezzo . The canal flows around this to the west. In the north-west of Arezzo the 14 km long Torrente Castro joins from the right , together they flow a short time later as a left tributary into the Arno . The Canale maestro della Chiana covers 51 km to get there.

Valdichiana (Chiana Valley)

The Chiana Valley (Val di Chiana / Valdichiana) comprises 23 municipalities, which are divided into different sub-zones.

Val di Chiana Aretina

Chiana valley near Arezzo

The Val di Chiana aretina includes the municipalities of Arezzo , Castiglion Fiorentino , Civitella in Val di Chiana , Cortona , Foiano della Chiana , Lucignano , Marciano della Chiana and Monte San Savino . All municipalities are in the province of Arezzo (Tuscany), Lucignano and Monte San Savino are not directly on the river or canal.

Val di Chiana Senese

The Val di Chiana senese includes the municipalities of Cetona , Chianciano Terme , Chiusi , Montepulciano , San Casciano dei Bagni , Sarteano , Sinalunga , Torrita di Siena and Trequanda . All municipalities are in the province of Siena (Tuscany), with Chianciano Terme, Sarteano and Trequanda not directly on the river or canal.

Val di Chiana romana

The Val di Chiana romana comprises the municipalities of Castiglione del Lago , Tuoro sul Trasimeno , Panicale , Paciano , Città della Pieve (all province of Perugia ) and Monteleone d'Orvieto and Fabro ( province of Terni ), with Castiglione del Lago, Monteleone d'Orvieto, Paciano, Panicale and Tuoro sul Trasimeno are no longer located directly on the river or canal.

literature

  • Giorgio Battini: Il fiume racconta. Viaggio nella Toscana dei fiumi. , Bonechi, Florence 1993, ISBN 88-7009-941-5 , p. 12 and 262.
  • Adolfo Cecilia: Chiana. In: Enciclopedia Dantesca (1970), online version
  • Attilio Mori: Chiana. In: Enciclopedia Italiana (1931), online version
  • Emanuele Repetti: CHIANA, CHIANE (Clanis vel Clanes flumen) In: Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana (1833–1846), online edition of the University of Siena (pdf, ital.)

Web links

Commons : Val di Chiana  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Emanuele Repetti: CHIANA, CHIANE (Clanis vel Clanes flumen) In: Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana
  2. ↑ a b c Attilio Mori: Chiana. In: Enciclopedia Italiana
  3. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the Astrone and its course , accessed on December 12, 2013 (ital.)
  4. ↑ a b Adolfo Cecilia: Chiana. In: Enciclopedia Dantesca
  5. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on Esse and its course , accessed on December 12, 2013 (ital.)
  6. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the Canale maestro della Chiana and its course , accessed on December 12, 2013 (ital.)