Monterozzi necropolis

Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri and Tarquinia
UNESCO world heritage
Banquet scene in the Tomba dei Leopardi of the Monterozzi necropolis in Tarquinia
National territory:	Italy
Type:	Culture
Criteria :	(i), (iii), (iv)
Surface:	326.93 hectares
Reference No .:	1158
UNESCO region :	Europe and North America
History of enrollment
Enrollment:	2004  (session 28)

The necropolis today

Decorated block

The Monterozzi Necropolis is the main necropolis of the ancient Etruscan city ​​of Tarquinia in the Italian province of Viterbo , Lazio . It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2004 .

location

The necropolis with its about 6100 known tombs is located about 1 km east of the modern city, on the Monterozzi plateau of the same name, south of the ancient city, which also rose on a plateau. The two plateaus are separated by a valley, the modern city being on the same plateau as the necropolis.

description

The tombs of the Monterozzi necropolis are often burial chambers carved into the rock, around 200 of them are painted. Most of the graves are dated to the sixth to third centuries BC. Dated.

The cemetery appears today as a flat plain, but in ancient times the graves were crowned by tumuli . In ancient times, roads and paths that were difficult to follow led between the tumuli today. There are around 70 decorated blocks from the necropolis dating from the end of the seventh and beginning of the sixth centuries BC. And probably adorned the entrances or facades of the tumuli. Most of the older chambers were probably intended for couples who might have been buried here in wooden coffins. Because of the heavy robbery of the burial chambers, little is known about the grave goods and their installation. The last painted burial chambers date from the third century BC. Besides the chamber graves, there were burials in stone boxes, which mostly contained cremations. Numerous urns were also found, mostly black-figure vessels that came from local production or represent Attic imported goods. From the fourth century BC There are stone sarcophagi in the tombs with the deceased depicted lying on the lids, as well as reliefs on the sides of the sarcophagus.

List of decorated graves

• • Tomba 809

• • Tomba 939
  • Tomba 994
  • Tomba 1200
  • Tomba 1560
  • Tomba 1822
  • Tomba 1999
  • Tomba 2015 - 5th century BC Chr., Poorly preserved
  • Tomba 2327 - 4th century BC BC, poorly preserved, also known as Tomba Bertazzoni
  • Tomba 3098 - 6th century BC BC, only the gable panels on the short sides decorated, a figure on the wall, perhaps unfinished
  • Tomba 3226 - 4th century BC BC, banquet scene, musicians
  • Tomba 3242 - 4th century BC BC, especially musicians, poorly preserved
  • Tomba 3697 - 4th century BC BC, banquet scene, poorly preserved
  • Tomba 3713 = Tomba Pallottino ("Pallottino grave"), end of the 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba 5513 = Tomba Claudio Bettini ("Claudio Bettini grave"), renamed in 2007 after a restorer - 5th century BC BC, banquet scene, poorly preserved
  • Tomba 5591 = Tomba Moretti ("Moretti Tomb") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba 5636 = Tomba dei due tetti ("Tomb of the two roofs") - 3rd century BC BC, underworld scenes
  • Tomba degli Alsina - 2nd century; Discovered in 1873
  • Tomba degli Aninas ("Tomb of the (family) of the Aninas") - around 500 BC. Chr.
  • Tomba delle Antilope ("Tomb of the Antelope")
  • Tomba degli Auguri ("Tomb of the Augurs ")
  • Tomba dei Baccanti ("Tomb of the Bacchants")
  • Tomba del Barone ("Tomb of the Baron") - 6th century BC Chr., Well preserved
  • Tomba del Biclinio ("Tomb of the Biclinium") - 5th century BC BC, found in the 18th century, completely lost today
  • Tomba delle Bighe ("Tomb of the two teams ")
  • Tomba Bruschi ("Bruschi-Grab") - 4th to 3rd century BC BC, scenes from the official life of the dead
  • Tomba della Caccia al Cervo ("Tomb of the Deer Hunt") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba della Caccia e Pesca ("Tomb of Hunting and Fishing")
  • Tomba del Cacciatore ("Tomb of the Hunter")
  • Tomba Cardarelli ("Cardarelli Tomb") - 4th century BC Chr.,
  • Tomba dei Caronti ("Tomb of Charune")
  • Tomba Ceisinie ("Ceisinie grave")
  • Tomba del Convegno ("Tomb of Encounter") - 3rd century BC Chr. One of the last painted grave chambers.
  • Tomba dei Demoni Azzurri ("Tomb of the Blue Demons") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba dei Giocolieri ("Tomb of the Jugglers")
  • Tomba del Guerriero ("Tomb of the Warrior")
  • Tomba del Fiore di Loto ("Tomb of the lotus flower")
  • Tomba delle Leonesse ("Tomb of the Lionesses")
  • Tomba dei Leopardi ("Tomb of the Leopards")
  • Tomba del Letto Funebre ("Tomb of the Death Bed ") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba del Morente ("Tomb of Dying") - around 500 BC Chr.
  • Tomba della Nave ("Tomb of the Ship")
  • Tomba della Fustigazione ("Tomb of Chastisement")
  • Tomba delle Olimpiadi ("Tomb of the Olympic Games")
  • Tomba dell'Orco ("Tomb of the Underworld")
  • Tomba della Porta di Bronzo ("Tomb of the bronze door") - around 500 BC Chr.
  • Tomba della Pulcella ("Tomb of the Girl") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba della Scrofa nera ("grave of the black sow") - 5th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba delle Sculture ("Tomb of the Sculptures") - 4th century BC BC, there is a relief on the back wall
  • Tomba del Teschio ("Tomb of the Skull") - 5th century BC Chr., Poorly preserved
  • Tomba del Tifone ("Tomb of Typhon")
  • Tomba del Topolino ("Tomb of the Mouse") - 6th century BC Chr.
  • Tomba dei Tori ("Tomb of the Bulls")
  • Tomb of the Triclinium ( "grave with the triclinium ")
  • Tomba dei Tritoni ("Tomb of the Tritons") - 6th century BC Chr., Only decorated gables on short sides
  • Tomba dei Vasi Dipinti ("Tomb of the Painted Vases") - around 500 BC Chr.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Leighton: Tarquinia , p. 90
2. ↑ Leighton: Tarquinia , pp. 91-93
3. ^ Leighton: Tarquinia , p. 93

literature

• Stephan Steingräber (Ed.): Etruscan wall painting . Belser, Stuttgart-Zurich 1985, ISBN 3-7630-1728-3 .
• Robert Leighton: Tarquinia, An Etruscan City . Duckworth, London 2004 ISBN 0715631624 , pp. 86-121.

Web links

Commons : Monterozzi Necropolis  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• www.tarquinia-cerveteri.it - ​​Website of the World Heritage Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri and Tarquinia
• La necropoli dei Monterozzi - Soprintendenza archeologica, belle arti e paesaggio
• Tarquinia tombs
• Collezione acquerelli Museo delle Antichità Etrusche e Italiche (watercolors of various Etruscan tomb paintings)

Coordinates: 42 ° 14 ′ 17.4 ″  N , 11 ° 47 ′ 41 ″  E