Monticchiello

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Monticchiello
MonticchielloPanoramaSO.JPG
Panorama di Monticchiello
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Siena  (SI)
local community Pienza
Coordinates 43 ° 4 '  N , 11 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 4 '2 "  N , 11 ° 43' 29"  E
height 500  m slm
Residents 202 (2011)
Telephone code 0577 CAP 53026

Monticchiello is a district ( fraction , Italian frazione ) of the municipality of Pienza in the province of Siena , Tuscany region in Italy .

geography

The place is in the Val d'Orcia approx. 4 km southeast of the main town Pienza, approx. 6 km southwest of Montepulciano and approx. 42 km southeast of the provincial capital Siena . The place is the only district of Pienza and is 500  meters above sea level and in 2001 had about 230 inhabitants. In 2017 there were 202 inhabitants. The Torrente Tresa , a tributary of the Orcia, flows below the village .

history

The place was first settled by the Etruscans and then by the Romans . During the Lombards' reign , the place belonged to the monastery of San Salvatore di Monte Amiata . In the abbey documents, the place appears for the first time in writing in 973 as the property of Lamberto Aldobrandeschi. In 1156 Paltonieri di Forteguerra gave the place to Pope Hadrian IV, who gave it back to Paltonieri di Forteguerra as a fief . From the early 13th century, the place was under the influence of the Republic of Siena, which used the place like Torrita di Siena and Montefollonico as an outpost on the eastern border of their republic. The conflict with Montepulciano and Orvieto lasted from 1229 to 1235, during which Orvieto suffered severe damage. After the city rulers consolidated the alliance with Siena in 1233, the conflict was victorious and Siena consolidated its position of power in Monticchiello. The Seneser built the Cassero and the city walls as well as other fortifications from 1260. In the conflict with Florence and Montepulciano, the lords of Monticchiello sold the place in 1397 for 2000 Fiorini to Florence, who remained lord of the place until the Peace of Venice in 1401 and thereafter the place Siena had to return. In 1502 the place was taken by Cesare Borgia . Monticchiello played another important role in the last conflict between Siena and Florence. While Siena was already taken in 1555 and the Senese government withdrew into exile in Montalcino , Monticchiello could not be taken over by the Medici until August 15, 1559 after the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis (April 3, 1559).

On June 26, 1778, the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Leopold II , ordered that Monticchiello belong to Pienza as a district. The town's patron saint is San Cristoforo , and Saint's Day is July 25th.

Attractions

The Pieve dei Santi Leonardo e Cristoforo a Monticchiello
  • Pieve dei Santi Leonardo e Cristoforo a Monticchiello , Pieve of the diocese of Montepulciano-Chiusi-Pienza in the center, which was built in the last decades of the 13th century. The facade contains a Gothic portal with a rose window . The interiors were redesigned in the 18th century. The frescoes in the style of the Siena School date from the 14th and 15th centuries and were rediscovered in 1933. the most important are the paintings Vestizione di un cavaliere armato (14th century), San Cristoforo (late 14th century) and two Anima che si confessa . There is also a wooden crocifisso from the 16th century in the church . The iron work by Petruccio Betti da Siena from 1410 can no longer be found today. In addition, some works were brought to the Museo diocesano di Pienza , such as the wooden statue of San Leonardo by Domenico di Niccolò dei Cori (Siena, 1362 – approx. 1453), which was made around 1430. Also in the Museo diocesano of Pienza today is the work Madonna col Bambino (also called Madonna di Monticchiello ) by Pietro Lorenzetti , which was probably the central part of the winged altar Polittico di Monticchiello and was created around 1315.
  • Chiesa della Compagnia del Santissimo Sacramento , the former church on the right side of the Pieve, was expanded in the 18th century. It was probably created as the Chiesa della Fraternita and was mentioned as such in 1302.
  • Chiesa di San Rocco , also called Madonna del Popolo , church outside the city walls near the Porta Sant'Agata from the 16th century. Was rebuilt after the Second World War and reopened in 1953. Contains the painting Madonna in trono con i Santi Rocco e Agata from 1596 in Rome .
  • City walls with the last remaining city gate, Porta Sant'Agata . Construction of the city walls began in 1259.
  • Rocca , fortress, of which only the cassero with tower, built in 1260, remains.
  • Teatro Povero , a small local theater created in 1967 with the Museo Tepotratos museum .
  • Pieve di Santa Maria dello Spino , about 2 km outside (south) of Monticchiello. Belonged to the diocese of Chiusi until 1462 and was then incorporated into the new diocese of Pienza. Around 1500 the pieve was in critical condition and was probably renovated in the 18th century, today it is used once a year for Corpus Christi .
  • Buca del Beato , cave at Torrente Tresa below Monticchiello, where Beato Giovanni Benincasa (1375–1426) spent his hermit days and died there on May 9, 1426.

photos

  • The Torre del Cassero

  • The city gate Porta Sant'Agata

  • Panorama of Monticchiello

  • San Rocco, church just outside the city walls

  • The city walls of Monticchiello seen from the southeast, on the right the Torre del Cassero

literature

Web links

Commons : Monticchiello  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Official website of ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on 2001 population figures in the province of Siena, accessed on July 26, 2014 (Italian)
  2. ↑ Italia in dettaglio zu Monticchiello , accessed on March 4, 2018 (Italian)
  3. ↑ a b c Emanuele Repetti: MONTICCHIELLO, o MONTECCHIELLO (Monticlum) in Val d'Orcia.
  4. ↑ a b c Ottavio Matteini: Siena fuori campo.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Montichiello.org on the history of Montichiello
  6. ↑ a b Official website of the municipality of Pienza zu Montichiello
  7. ↑ a b Castelli Toscani
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Bruno Santi: L'Amiata e la Val d'Orcia
  9. ↑ La Buca del Beato: Speleologia tra preistoria, folklore e leggenda by Franco Fabrizi and Franco Rossi (Associazione Speleologica Senese), published by La mia terra di Siena (Italian) Wayback Archive Version of February 10, 2012