Moritz (Pyrmont)

Moritz von Pyrmont (also: Mauritius von Pyrmont, * around 1418, documented on March 21, 1442 in Lügde ; † 1494 in Lügde) was the last ruling count of the County of Pyrmont from the Pyrmont line of the Counts of Schwalenberg and commander of the imperial city of Lübeck .

Life

origin

The Counts of Pyrmont had their residence in Lügde since 1376 , a permanent house at the upper (southern) city gate, opposite the church of St. Kilian . From here the whole Emmertal could be overlooked.

Moritz was born the son of Count Heinrich IV of Pyrmont († around 1429) and his wife (since before March 16, 1418) Haseke von Spiegelberg († March 22, 1465). The mother was a daughter of Count Moritz III. von Spiegelberg († around 1421) and finally became abbess of Neuenheerse in 1450 , where she is also buried. The brother was Count Heinrich V von Pyrmont, who died between 1446 and 1460. Like her mother, sister Godeke von Pyrmont became abbess von Neuenheerse and died after 1477. The diocese of Paderborn tried again and again to declare the county of Pyrmont as a Paderborn fief . The Counts of Pyrmont opposed this by propagating that their (not documented) ancestral father Moritz had been enfeoffed with the county of Pyrmont by Emperor Charlemagne as early as 800, and that their county was thus directly imperial . Logically, the late “descendant” could call himself the ruling count “Moritz II” to underline the legendary emperor's feud and thus create facts. It was suppressed that the documented line of the family did not begin until the 11th century, under the name Pyrmont even in the 12th century.

Reign in Pyrmont

On March 21, 1442, Count Heinrich and Mauritius von Pyrmont zu Lügde transferred Johann Treben and his wife six acres of land for at least three years .

On September 20, 1444, the two counts Heinrich and Mauritius von Pyrmont enfeoffed Hermann Schiltknecht with the land and farm in front of Lügde, with which the late Hinrik Kotemann was enfeoffed and where his wife had a body breed .

When Emperor Friedrich III. the Braunschweig princes granted support in the dispute with the city of Lüneburg and on December 16, 1460 he ordered numerous named subjects as well as all other imperial subjects “with reference to the verdict of his court court, Duke Wilhelm (I) the elder and his brother To support Duke Heinrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (-Weltenbüttel) in the execution of the verdict against the old council and the community of Lüneburg, to fix the body, belongings and property of those of Lüneburg as soon as they enter their cities, markets, villages and areas, those in theirs Not to accommodate countries and lordships, to feed them, to keep in no way fellowship with them or to allow this, as well as not to trade with them until the dukes of Braunschweig as plaintiffs and sovereign princes obtain their rights and the Lüneburgers back to his and the empire Obedience has been brought ”, Count Moritz von Pyrmont was named among the kings, princes and counts called publicly.

On May 23, 1478, the knight Mauritius, Count von Pyrmont, sold the farm on which "de Danne stands, in front of the upper gate between the city moat and the Salenwerder with the Slo to the Emmer" to the mayor, council and commonality of Lügde. In a separate document, his wife Margarete von Nassau, Countess von Pyrmont, approved the sale.

On October 27, 1478, Simon Bishop of Paderborn decided in a dispute between Count Mauritius von Pyrmont and the mayor, council and vulgarity of the city of Lügde about the Mühlemetten that the city should keep them as before, while the Count should receive a specified proportion of grain from the mill . Cort von Haxthausen , Arndt von der Borch , Wilhelm Crevet, Gosschalk von Haxthausen, Otto von Holthusen and the treasurer Johann Ottenjeger attested the document.

In 1484 Count Moritz von Pyrmont worshiped a golden chalice and other pieces of jewelery (“gems”) in the St. Kilian's Church near Lügde .

On January 25, 1485, the Count and Knight Mauritius von Pyrmont sold the mill at Lügde with all its accessories to the mayor and old and new councils of the Wigbolds Lügde. His wife Margarete von Nassau, Countess von Pyrmont, confirmed the sale in a separate document.

On May 1, 1495, before Margarete von Nassau, Countess of Pyrmont, the citizen of Lügde, Kort van Ripen and his wife Ilse, gave the head of the church in Lügde six acres of land “for the light in the church”. Before that, two measure of oats had to be paid to the countess from the produce of the land .

After the Pyrmont family died out in 1530/1540, a register of income within and outside the city of Lügde was created for the Count von Spiegelberg as his legal successor, after Erich Bishop of Osnabrück and Paderborn, Duke of Braunschweig , on December 9, 1512 City of Lügde had granted excise goods in the city because of the complaints by the County of Pyrmont , with the exception of the subsets of Paderborn Abbey .

Other activities

In 1445 he supported Archbishop Dietrich II of Cologne in his Soest feud and received two horses from him.

Commander of Lübeck

“At the beginning of Lent in 1466, the council of Lübeck took Count Mauritius von Pyrmont into the service of the city as captain and captain,” in order to counter the extensive robbery. Successful, because "in his time" (until 1477) there was no more evidence of street robbery. Pyrmont was a clever and brave man, who understood everything that belonged to war and feuds, was cunning and cautious in the field, and was therefore also feared. Mauritius von Pyrmont was accepted into the patrician circle society as soon as he arrived in Lübeck .

From March 1472 to July 1474 Moritz von Pyrmont was involved in a court case with the mayor and the city council of Hamburg .

family

Moritz von Pyrmont was married to Margarethe von Nassau († 1498), with whom he also resided in Lügde. However, the marriage remained without heirs. Both were buried in the Kilianskirche , the Kreuzkirche near Lügde.

Kilian's Church near Lügde, burial place of the Count couple Moritz and Margarethe von Pyrmont

The grave inscription of the count is said to have read: “Ultima Mauritii, Pyrmontis clara Prepago / Hac, Comes Illustris, pace quiescit humo.” Translated from Menke: “In this earth rests in peace, the noble Count of Pyrmont, the last famous offspring of the Count Moritz von Pyrmont. ”According to Menke,“ Pyrmontis ”must be regarded as the genitive and, after the second verse, pulled down to“ Comes Illustris ”. “De Pyrmont” has a different reading. "Mauritii" refers to the first Count of Pyrmont, who was also called Moritz. The grave inscription does not name the buried person directly because the Latin verse probably did not allow it. The grave inscription of the count could no longer be found around 1818. The wording referred directly to the legendary ancestor Moritz, who was enfeoffed with Pyrmont by Charlemagne around 800. This did not coincide with the policy of the prince-bishops of Paderborn, who viewed Pyrmont as a prince-bishop's fief.

Effect of the death of Moritz von Pyrmont

After the heirless death of Count Moritz von Pyrmont, the Prince-Bishop of Paderborn, Simon von Lippe , enfeoffed his own brother Bernhard von Lippe with the county of Pyrmont. At the same time, the Archbishop of Cologne, Hermann von Hessen , regarded the County of Pyrmont as an Electoral Cologne fiefdom and enfeoffed Count Friedrich VI. and Moritz IV. von Spiegelberg with Pyrmont, since they were the sons of an aunt of the last Count of Pyrmont, who was born by Ursula von Pyrmont. But when the Cologne Archbishop Hermann von Hessen also became regent of Paderborn, Friedrich VI. von Spiegelberg enfeoffed solely with the county of Pyrmont, as a Paderborn fief. Inheritance cases brought the County of Pyrmont into the possession of the House of Lippe , from there the House of Waldeck , which is also a line of the Counts of Schwalenberg, whereby the prince-bishops of Paderborn always reserved the feudal sovereignty and at times tried to enforce it by military means. In 1668, the Imperial Court of Justice finally ruled in favor of the Counts of Waldeck, and when Anton Ulrich von Waldeck was elevated to hereditary imperial prince in 1711, he called himself Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont ever since.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hinrich and Mauritius Counts of Pyrmont transferred Johann Treben and his wife Kuneke to Lügde on March 21, 1442 for 11 1/2 pounds pfennigs on at least three years 6 acres of land, of which three acres in one piece above the Wyrikes Vornen and 2 acres on the Wiltkenpen and 1 morning on the Ramberg. Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 27
2. ↑ When deep drilling in the run-up to the bypass road that was built in 2006–2009, a deep and massive stone compaction could be seen at the upper city gate, the location of the Count's Castle. See Willeke archive: From the history of the Lügder ( Memento of the original from February 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. after Hermann Dörries . 
3. ↑ University Library Paderborn: Haseke Countess of Spiegelberg
4. ↑ Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins after Detlev Schwennicke , European Family Tables, New Series, Vol. I / 3, Plate 325, or European Family Tables, by Wilhelm Karl zu Isenburg , Vol. XVII, Plate 142; this parenthood is also represented by Karl Theodor Menke, edition 1840, p. 52 f., J.-D. von Steinen (1801), p. 635, on the other hand, provided the following genealogy: Moritz was the son of Count Johann von Pyrmont and Anna von Lippe, a daughter of Simon III. von Lippe , born. Another son of this marriage was Heinrich von Pyrmont. The father's only brother was also called Moritz, but did not join the government because he was sent to a clerical career and became provost of Cologne.
5. ^ Landesarchiv NRW, Westphalia department: Fürstbistum Paderborn . Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 27
6. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 28
7. ↑ "Friedrich III. grants the Braunschweig support in the dispute with Lüneburg ”; Regest no. 9412. Regest of the Landgraves of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
8. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 30
9. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 31
10. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 32
11. ^ Karl Theodor Menke (edition 1840), p. 53 ( digitized version)
12. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 35
13. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 36
14. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 39
15. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 46 a
16. ↑ Signature: Stadt Lügde, No. 43
17. ↑ Landesarchiv NRW, Westphalia department in Münster: Duchy of Westphalia - Landesarchiv - files No. 241 fol. 9v
18. ↑ Evamaria Engel, Urban Life in the Middle Ages: Written Sources and Images, p. 206 ( digitized version )
19. ↑ F. Battenberg and B. Diestelkamp (eds.), The protocol and judgment books of the Royal Court of Justice from the years 1465 to 1480, Volume 2, p. 1226 ( digitized version )
20. ↑ Lügde photos
21. ^ ^{A b} Karl Theodor Menke, Pyrmont und seine Umgebung (edition 1840), p. 53 f. ( Digitized version )
22. ^ Karl Theodor Menke (edition 1818), p. 140 ( digitized version )
23. ^ Johann-Diederich von Steinen, Westphälische Geschichte mit many coppers, Volume 5, pp. 634–637 (digitized version )
24. ↑ Waldeck-Pyrmont.de: History