NSB type 26
| NSB type 26 | |
|---|---|
 NSB Type 26c locomotive No. 412 on the turntable in Hamar in 1970
|
|
| Numbering: |
26a: 215-217 26b: 229-230 26c: 378-380, 397-399, 411-414, 432-438 |
| Number: |
26a: 3 26b: 2 26c: 17 |
| Manufacturer: |
26a: SLM 26b: Thune 26c: 378-380: Motala 397-399: Nohab 411-414: NMI 432-433: SLM 434-438: Hamar |
| Year of construction (s): |
26a: 1910 26b: 1911 26c: 378-380: 1919 397-399: 1920 411-414: 1922 432-433: 1923 434-438: 1923-1924 |
| Retirement: | 1963-1970 |
| Type : |
26a, 26b: 2'D-2'2 'h4 26c: 2'D-2'2' h4v |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: |
26a: 17,850 mm 26b, 26c: 17,906 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 3,400 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 8,450 mm |
| Wheelbase with tender: | 15,150 mm |
| Empty mass: |
26a: 55.7 t 26b: 57.5 t 26c: 62.2 t |
| Service mass: |
26a: 63.2 t 26b: 65.4 t 26c: 69.8 t |
| Service mass with tender: |
26a: 97.8 t 26b: 100 t 26c: 104.4 t |
| Friction mass: |
26a: 46.6 t 26b: 47.5 t 26c: 48.6 t |
| Top speed: | 70 km / h |
| Coupling wheel diameter: |
26a: 1,330 mm 26b , 26c: 1,350 mm |
| Number of cylinders: | 4th |
| Cylinder diameter: | 26a, 26b: 380 mm |
| HD cylinder diameter: | 26c: 585 mm |
| LP cylinder diameter: | 26c: 390 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 600 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12-13 atm |
| Grate area: | 2.7 m 2 |
| Tubular heating surface: | 166 m² |
| Superheater area : | 37.8 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 136.3 m² |
| Service weight of the tender: | 36.4 t |
| Water supply: | 15 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 4 t |
The NSB Type 26 was a universally applicable steam locomotive series of the Norges Statsbaner (NSB) developed by the Swiss Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik (SLM ). It was built by various manufacturers from 1910 to 1924 and was in use until the end of 1970.
The Type 26 were the first four-cylinder locomotives in Norway.
history
Type 26a
The first three locomotives of the 26a series were built in 1910 by the Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM) in Winterthur . They were intended to be used in front of the express trains of the Bergen Railway so that they could be transported without pre-tensioning locomotives . The line had a weak superstructure that only allowed an axle load of 12 t, which was a major challenge for the design of a powerful locomotive that was still to remain track-friendly. The solution was a locomotive with four coupled wheel sets in order to achieve a light axle load and an almost completely balanced four-cylinder engine that transferred the power evenly to the rails.
Type 26b
The type 26a locomotives were slightly lighter than expected, which is why the next two locomotives built by Thune in Oslo were built almost three tons heavier, which was hoped for better traction performance.
Type 26c
The two construction series 26a and 26b had four-unit live steam engines with high steam consumption, which resulted in a correspondingly high consumption of coal.
The next series was therefore built as a four-cylinder compound locomotive , designated the Type 26c , and three copies were delivered in 1919. This series was very successful and was purchased over several years (1920: 3, 1922: 4, 1923: 6 and 1924: 1 piece). Manufacturers were Motala Verkstad , Nydqvist och Holm (Nohab), Norsk Maskin Industri (NMI), Hamar Jernstøberi and again SLM.
At the end of the 1950s, tests with oil-fired steam locomotives were carried out in Norway. The 26c 411 was one of these test locomotives. It turned out that the Norwegian boiler designs are not suitable for oil firing, so that only six locomotives of the German 63 a that remained in Norway were converted to oil firing.
During these tests, the locomotive was given a new boiler in 1961. This was one of the last steam boilers to be built for use in steam locomotives in Norway.
In 1969, the 411 was the last steam locomotive in Norway to receive a full general inspection.
commitment
Except for the fast passenger trains, the locomotive could be used for all types of trains . With the small coupled wheels, they were suitable for mountain routes and were able to pull heavy freight trains there.
Although the locomotives were originally built for the Bergen Railway, they were withdrawn from there in 1915 and replaced by the identically constructed, but more powerful Type 31a . This replacement became possible after the line was expanded.
The locomotives came to the depots in Hamar , Oslo and Trondheim , some machines were in Drammen and still based in Bergen . They were mainly used on the Dovrebahn between Trondheim and Oslo and the Rörosbahn Hamar – Røros – Trondheim , as well as on the Gjövikbahn between Gjøvik and Skøyen until it was electrified in 1961 to 1963.
1969 was the last year with regular steam operation at NSB. The type 26 locomotives still ran two pairs of freight trains - one each on the Rörosbahn and one on the Elverum – Kongsvinger line . In 1970 a fired 26er was always ready at Hamar station as a reserve in the event of a diesel locomotive failure on the Rörosbahn. The last locomotives in this service were numbers 216, 411 and 412. When the fire in the 411 went out on October 31, 1970, it was also the end of steam operations at the NSB.
Preserved locomotive 26c 411
The locomotive 26 c 411 was prepared following the end of the steam operation at the NSB from Norwegian Eisenbahnmuseum accepted and passed on loan to the Norwegian railway club that they initially in Klöftefoss in Kröderbahn behind presented.
After eight years of downtime, it was transferred to the NSB Sundland workshop near Drammen and restored to working order by spring 1982. From then on, it ran special trains on most of the main routes in southern Norway.
Since autumn 1990, the locomotive has undergone a complete overhaul, which is due to be completed in Hønefoss in 2017 .
literature
T. Bjerke, TB Hansen, EW Johansson, Svein Sando: Damplokomotiver i Norge . Norsk Jernbaneklubb, Oslo, Lillehammer, Trondheim 1987, ISBN 978-82-90286-09-0 , pp. 168-170 .
Web links
- Type 26. In: Material databases. Norsk Jernbaneklubb, accessed April 1, 2017 (Norwegian).
- Type 26. jernbane.net, accessed April 2, 2017 (Norwegian).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Norske Lokomotiver. In: Jernbanen.dk. 2017, Retrieved March 21, 2017 (Norwegian).
- ↑ Material databases
- ↑ Svein Sando: Tekniske spesifikasjoner for normalsporte damplok NSB. Retrieved March 22, 2017 (Norwegian).
- ↑ NSB type 26. In: jernbane.net. Retrieved April 1, 2017 (Norwegian).
- ↑ SLM data sheet
- ↑ a b 26c 411. Norsk Jernbaneklubb, accessed April 2, 2017 (Norwegian).