Nadezhda Vasilyevna Plevitskaya

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Nadezhda Plevitskaya around 1915

Nadezhda Vasilyevna Plewizkaja , Russian Надежда Васильевна Плевицкая ., Scientific transliteration Nadežda Vasil'evna Plevickaja (born January 5 . Jul / 17th January  1884 greg. In Winnikowo , Kursk ; † 1. October 1940 in Rennes ) was a Russian mezzo-soprano and Folk song singer. The Russian tsar called Nadezhda "Kursk nightingale".

Life

Nadeschda, or Nadja for short, had ten older siblings. Vasily Abramowitsch Vinnikow's father, a farmer, worked hard all his life. The devout mother put the girl in a Kursk monastery. Nadja was confronted with the choir singing at the nuns. The 16-year-old fled to a traveling circus, tried singing in a revue and went to ballet. In 1903 Nadja married the Polish dancer Edmund Vyacheslavovich Plewizki. In Moscow she sang in the Jar restaurant, performed with Leonid Sobinov in the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory and sang at court. A typical example of the Russian soul: the tsar lowered his head and wept while Nadja's song was reciting. Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna gave the folk song singer a diamond brooch. Nadja was friends with Fyodor Chaliapin and appeared on stages all over Russia.

Nadja played one of the main roles in Gardin 's 1916 film adaptation of Tolstoy's The Power of Darkness . The work is kept in the Gosfilmofond of Russia .

After the revolution , Nadja appeared in Odessa in the summer of 1918 as a "worker and peasant singer" before soldiers of the Red Army . When the Red Army soldiers withdrew, Nadja was captured by soldiers from the volunteer army of Kornilov, who had fallen a month earlier . In September 1921 Nadja married General Skoblin in Gallipoli . With the general, the trip to Bulgaria in the late summer of 1924 led to General Wrangel . The White Guards renamed themselves ROWS there . Nadja had further appearances in Poland , the Baltic countries, Czechoslovakia , Berlin , Brussels , Belgrade and the USA .

From 1927 the Skoblin couple stayed in France . The general lived on his wife's wages. In 1930 both were amnestied by the USSR and were Soviet citizens. In the 1930s, the couple - operating from Ozoir-la-Ferrière - were active for the NKVD .

In 1937, Nadja's husband kidnapped the Tsarist general Yevgeny Miller from France to the Soviet Union. Nadja was sentenced to twenty years in prison in France for her involvement in the commando. President Lebrun refrained from a pardon. The singer died in a detention center in Rennes.

Honors

  • In 1995, 2005, 2007 and 2009 the folk song festival “Nadezhda Plevitskaya” took place in Kursk .
  • The asteroid (4229) Plevitskaya , discovered on January 22, 1971, was named after her in 1996.
  • June 13, 1998: In Nadja's birthplace, the Russian village of Vinnikowo, a sculpture (sculptor: Vyacheslav Michailowitsch Klykow) of the singer was unveiled.
  • September 2005: A plaque in memory of Nadja was unveiled at the house at Kursk Goldenen Gasse 12.
  • October 3, 2009: The "Nadezhda Plevitskaya" Museum was opened in Vinnikovo.
  • In 2013 a Kursk cross street was named after Nadja.

literature

Web links

Commons : Nadezhda Plevitskaya  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

annotation

  1. ↑ Vladimir Nabokov wrote about this kidnapping in 1943 in his short story Der Regieassistent (Russian Помощник режиссера ) and the material is used in Eric Rohmer's 2004 film Triple agent ( Triple agent in the IMDb ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Russian Governorate Kursk
  2. ↑ Russian Яр (ресторан)
  3. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 26762
  4. ↑ Russian Клыков, Вячеслав Михайлович
personal data
SURNAME Plewitskaja, Nadeschda Wassiljewna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Плевицкая, Надежда Васильевна (Russian); Plevickaja, Nadežda Vasil'evna (scientific transliteration)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian folk song singer and mezzo-soprano
DATE OF BIRTH January 17, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Vinnikowo , Kursk Governorate
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1940
Place of death Rennes