Yevgeny Karlowitsch Miller
Yevgeny Miller ( Russian Евгений Карлович Миллер , scientific. Transliteration Evgenij Karlovič Miller ; born September 25, jul. / 7. October 1867 greg. In Dvinsk , Vitebsk , Russian Empire ; † 11. May 1939 in Moscow , USSR ) was a General of the Tsarist Army and one of the leaders of the whites in the Russian Civil War .
The career officer was a descendant of a German-Baltic family. After successfully completing the military academy , he initially served in the imperial guard . Between 1898 and 1907 he was sent to various European capitals as a Russian military attaché , including Rome , The Hague and Brussels . At the beginning of the First World War he was a staff officer in the Moscow Military District and in the 5th Army . In this function he reached the rank of lieutenant general . From December 28, 1916 to August 6, 1917 he was commanding general of the XXVI. Army Corps in the Baltic States .
When, after the February Revolution in 1917 , he wanted to forbid his subordinate soldiers from wearing red armbands because he did not conform to the ideas of the revolution, he was arrested by his own men.
After the October Revolution , Miller fled to Arkhangelsk , where he proclaimed himself Governor General of Northern Russia and joined the whites . In May 1919, Admiral Kolchak , one of the main leaders of the white civil war party , appointed him commanding general of all white units in northern Russia. His army , with which he controlled the cities of Arkhangelsk, Murmansk and Olonez , was supported by troops from the Entente . However, these mainly British units were withdrawn after a failed joint attack on the Red Army in the area of the northern Dvina in the summer of 1919, so that he now had to face the Bolsheviks alone.
After further resistance against the Bolsheviks had become hopeless, Miller fled into exile in Norway in February 1920 on the icebreaker Kosma Minin . He later moved to France and from there, in collaboration with Grand Duke Nikolaus and General Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel, continued to develop activities directed against the Soviet Union .
From 1930 to 1937 Miller served as chairman of the Union of All Russian Military Units in Exile . In 1937, with the participation of the NKVD agent Nikolai Vladimirovich Skoblin , a general of the whites who secretly worked for the Soviet Union in exile, he was kidnapped and brought to Russia. He was executed in Moscow on May 11, 1939 . His body was cremated and buried in a mass grave in the Donskoy cemetery.
The kidnappings of Miller and, seven years earlier, Alexander Kutepov by GPU agents form the background of Vladimir Nabokov's story The Assistant Director (Помощник режиссёра).
literature
- Marina Gray: Le général meurt a minuit. L'enlèvement des généraux Koutiépov (1930) et Miller (1937) . Plon, Paris 1981. ISBN 2-259-00734-1 .
Web links
- Article Yevgeny Karlowitsch Miller in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Biography , orthodoxy
- Biographies , Chronos
- Newspaper article about Yevgeny Karlowitsch Miller in the press kit of the 20th century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Miller, Yevgeny Karlowitsch |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 7, 1867 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Daugavpils |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 11, 1939 |
| Place of death | Moscow |