National biodiversity hotspot Northern Franconian Alb

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Hersbrucker Alb with a small-scale transition from open land and forest

The Northern Franconian Alb hotspot area is the region 9 of 30 selected national regions of biological diversity in Germany . Geographically, it covers the area of ​​the northern Franconian Alb with its typical geology and plant communities.

The Albtrauf of the Hersbrucker Alb is part of the hotspot region of biological diversity and includes large parts of the communities Engelthal , Happurg , Hersbruck , Kirchensittenbach , Offenhausen , Pommelsbrunn , Vorra . Due to the close juxtaposition of the most diverse habitats, there is a particularly high density and variety of characteristic plant and animal species. The two FFH areas "Eaves slopes of the Hersbrucker Alb" and "Bach valleys of the Hersbrucker Alb" have been designated in the area. The nature reserve Molsberger Tal also belongs to the FFH area "Bachtäler der Hersbrucker Alb" .

Habitats

The characteristic habitats in the hotspot region change from open land with dry grass and semi-dry grass through the bush phase to natural canyon and beech forests. This often results in structurally rich vegetation over a small area, which leads to a high level of biodiversity on a small scale . The dolomite pine forests, which A. Hemp described in detail, are considered to be a special habitat.

The natural forest communities are described in detail by R. Sautter, among others.

Purple orchid on the Albtrauf near Hersbruck

Rare and particularly worthy of protection species

Rare and particularly worthy of protection species in the area include the deer tongue , the purple orchid and the yellow lady's slipper . The brown oak hairstreak and the white forest porter are rare species of butterflies that can be found in the area.

Rare bird species include the eagle owl , the peregrine falcon and the rough-owl . The black stork also occurs again in the region.

A special characteristic of the region are the many limestone springs in which the rare striped spring maiden lives. These are particularly pronounced in the Kainsbachtal and in the upper Molsberger Tal . There are also ideal living spaces for the fire salamander .

Projects

Several projects attempt to sustainably maintain the existing biological diversity in a high quality state through active management of the land. The two already existing Bayern-Netz-Natur projects “ Hutanger in the Hersbrucker Alb - Biotope and Pasture Association” and “Albtraufprojekt Hersbrucker Alb - Biotope Complex Block Schuthalden ” were expanded in 2017 by the “Albtrauf project - near-natural forests”. All three projects are funded by the Bavarian Nature Conservation Fund and supervised by the Wengleinpark Nature Conservation Center .

Albtraufprojekt - near-natural forests

Lying dead wood in the project area "Albtrauf - natural forests"

In the Albtrauf project - near-natural forests, the natural hardwood forests (Tilio-Acerion, EU code 9180) and beech forests (orchid beech forest, EU code 9150; woodruff beech forest, EU code 9130; hornbeam beech forest, EU code 9110) are to be preserved and their condition for biodiversity can be improved. For this purpose, a near-natural forest treatment is sought, with the aim of preserving a high number of biotope trees and dead wood structures in order to gain habitat structures for the species that specialize in this, such as the black woodpecker or the various species of owls . The habitat of the rare bird species such as eagle owl , peregrine falcon and rough-owl should be protected and improved in the area.

However, tree species that need light, such as the service tree, whitebeam and bird cherry, are to be preserved in the natural forests through silvicultural measures. In addition, old forms of forest use such as medium-sized forest management are promoted to maintain biological diversity and the edges of the forest are actively designed.

For the tree species Field Maple , Common Yew and Elsbeere a National Gene Center was recognized for the region and therefore it is these species to an increased responsibility.

Another focus is the preservation and improvement of habitats for bat species found in the forest . The occurrence of the great mouse- eared bat is of national importance.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biodiversity - protect.use.life: hotspots. Retrieved February 17, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Hotspots in the Federal Biological Diversity Program - IZU. Retrieved February 17, 2018 .
  3. ↑ A short history of the Franconian Alb. Retrieved February 17, 2018 .
  4. ^ Thomas Friedrich: Dolomite pine forests. Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Roger Sautter: Forest communities in Bavaria: Vegetation and forest history representation of natural and near-natural forest communities . John Wiley & Sons, 2009, ISBN 978-3-527-62559-8 ( google.de [accessed February 24, 2018]).
  6. ↑ Natural diversity Bavaria - biological diversity. Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Welcome to the Hutanger Project. Retrieved March 2, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Bavarian Nature Conservation Fund . Retrieved February 17, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Nature Conservation Center Wengleinpark eV - regional initiatives. Retrieved February 17, 2018 .
  10. ↑ State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Supervision (LUWG) - Rhineland-Palatinate: Natura2000 9180 Habitat Type Profile. Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  11. ↑ State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Supervision (LUWG) - Rhineland-Palatinate: Natura2000 9150 Habitat Type Profile . Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  12. ↑ State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Supervision (LUWG) - Rhineland-Palatinate: Natura2000 9130 Habitat Type Profile . Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  13. ↑ State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Supervision (LUWG) - Rhineland-Palatinate: Natura2000 9110 Habitat Type Profile . Retrieved February 18, 2018 .
  14. ^ Editors waldwissen.net - WSL: Biotope trees - valuable habitat in the forest . In: Waldwissen . ( waldwissen.net [accessed on February 18, 2018]).
  15. ↑ Editorial office waldwissen.net - LWF: Deadwood is a food biotope, breeding area and drum space for birds . In: Waldwissen . ( waldwissen.net [accessed on February 18, 2018]).
  16. ^ Editors waldwissen.net - FVA: Mittelwald - revitalization of an old form of forest management . In: Waldwissen . ( waldwissen.net [accessed on February 18, 2018]).
  17. ^ Editors waldwissen.net - WSL: Edge of the forest - living space full of surprises . In: Waldwissen . ( waldwissen.net [accessed on February 18, 2018]).
  18. ↑ Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food: Genetic resources of rare and endangered tree species in Germany. (PDF; 151 kB) In: ble.de. Retrieved February 21, 2018 .
  19. ↑ Forest bats - LWF-aktuell 111.Retrieved on February 18, 2018 .