Natternberg (Deggendorf)
Natternberg is a village-like district of Deggendorf , located on the right, southern bank of the Danube (while the actual city is on the left bank of the Danube).
Geographical location
The eponymous rock hill Natternberg (384 m) protrudes 65 meters from the Gäuboden and is a noticeable one-off in the flat area. The Natternberg originally belonged to the Bavarian Forest . As a result of the uplift of the Alps , parts of the older Bavarian Forest also sank north of it; the Natternberg is still a relic of this depression, the remaining (and now eroded) top of what used to be a much larger mountain.
History of Natternberg
Traces of settlement since the Neolithic Age have been found on the Natternberg . There are scanty finds from Roman times , but it is assumed that at least one Roman guard station existed at that time. There are finds from the 9th and 10th centuries from the early Middle Ages .
The history of Natternberg Castle begins in 1145 as the noble seat of Hartwig von Natternberg, who was a member of the Counts of Bogen . After this family died out (1242), ownership passed to the Wittelsbach family . These made the castle the seat of a keeper . The Bavarian Duke Heinrich der Natternberger grew up here and died here at the age of 21 in 1333. The Wittelsbachers enfeoffed Peter von Egg , field captain of Emperor Ludwig of Bavaria , with the Natternberg. After Peter von Egg fell out of favor, he was besieged for a year in 1337 until he returned Natternberg to the Duke.
1430 Natternberg received its own jurisdiction. A painting by Hans Donauer the Elder from around 1590 in the Munich Antiquarium shows the appearance of the castle at that time. The castle was badly damaged during the Thirty Years War and the War of the Austrian Succession . In 1802 the mountain was sold by the Bavarian state. The new owners were the Counts of Preysing at Moos Castle . In 1836 they sold the castle to a Baron Berger, who left it to the landlord of Natternberg in 1838. After several changes of ownership, the Preysing bought the castle back. From the end of the 19th century until the Second World War , the castle was inhabited again and its last inhabitant even grew wine ("Natternberger Teufelskralle"). The mountain and castle ruins with their excellent views are freely accessible today and are located on the Via Danubia cycle path .
At the end of the Second World War, the Americans set up an internment camp near Natternberg in which around 4,000 Germans and foreigners were held. In his hit novel The Questionnaire, inmate Ernst von Salomon gave detailed testimony about the conditions in the camp .
On May 1, 1978, the previously independent community of Natternberg was incorporated into the district town of Deggendorf. In June 2013, the Deggendorf districts of Natternberg and Fischerdorf were particularly hard hit by the floods .
Origin of the name
Etymologically is snakes mountain happy to oblige with the many snakes in compound to wreak havoc here. Wilhelm Fink suspects, however, that the name is derived from Roman times, namely from the Latin "nautaris" (Schiffer or Schifferberg). The Natternberg would have been a prominent landmark for navigation on the Danube at that time, and it was only in the course of later centuries that the association with snakes would have developed.
Legends and sagas
There is a legend about the origin of the Natternberg in the landscape, which the people in the Deggendorf district have been telling themselves since ancient times. She claims that one day at lunchtime the devil wanted to throw a huge rock into the Danube to flood Deggendorf . But when he heard the bells from the nearby Metten Monastery , he simply let it fall shortly before the Danube. The Natternberg emerged from this.
Another legend is formed about the Count and Countess von Natternberg. These are said to have devastated the surrounding fields during their hunts and as a punishment they are said to still haunt around restlessly today.
Another legend reports that Charlemagne had a Danube bridge built between Metten and the "Mettenufer" in front of the Natternberg when he was on a march against the Avars in 791 . This bridge should have been located almost exactly where the A3 motorway bridge is today.
societies
- TSV Natternberg, sports club ( football and tennis )
- Volunteer firefighter
Facilities
The Elypso , a leisure and adventure pool in Deggendorf, located in Natternberg , opened on December 13, 2003 .
literature
- Johannes Aventinus: Bavarian Chronicle . Edited by Georg Leidinger. Diederichs, Düsseldorf and Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-424-00540-1 .
- Gertrud Scherf (Ed.): Teufel, Pest und Wassernix. Legends of the Bavarian Danube . Verlag Josef Duschl, Winzer 2001, ISBN 3-933047-61-7 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 605 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 49 ' N , 12 ° 55' E