Neipperg
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Neipperg
City of Brackenheim
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| Height : | 250 m |
| Area : | 5.61 km² |
| Residents : | 594 (2020) |
| Population density : | 106 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1974 |
| Postal code : | 74336 |
| Area code : | 07135 / |
Neipperg is a village in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg , which has belonged to Brackenheim since 1974 .
history
Neipperg developed around 1200 as a castle hamlet below Neipperg Castle , the ancestral castle of the Lords of Neipperg on a southern branch of the Heuchelberg . The name Neipperg was first mentioned in 1241 with a Reinbot from Neipperg, the place as such was first mentioned in 1285. The name Neipperg was interpreted as Neuberg for a long time , but is now also understood as Trutzberg and in any case means the Burgberg. The place was partly owned by the Lords of Neipperg, partly owned by the Wirtemberger . For the subjects there were various dependencies and fiefdoms. The Katharinenkapelle was raised to an independent parish in 1476. The place was dominated by agriculture until well into the 20th century, with viticulture also having a significant share. A school in Neipperg, as in the neighboring towns of Meimsheim, Hausen, Haberschlacht and Dürrenzimmern, could have existed as early as the 16th century, but is only attested in 1673 with the naming of a schoolmaster.
During the Peasants' War the place was spared from destruction by Jäcklein Rohrbach thanks to the negotiating skills of Anna von Neipperg . The topographically remote location of the place is attributed to the fact that the troop movements and skirmishes in the vicinity of the Battle of Lauffen in 1534 and the Schmalkaldic War in 1546 did not affect the place. Only from the Thirty Years War are reports of destruction in the place, which was temporarily depopulated as a result of the war. Anna Maria Wagemann from Neipperg was the victim of a witch trial and was publicly burned in 1717.
After the War of the Palatinate Succession and the War of Spanish Succession , overwhelming taxes had to be paid. An "unpleasant gypsy plague" is also reported from this time.
After 1805 Neipperg was assigned to the Kingdom of Württemberg and the Oberamt Brackenheim as part of the mediatization after the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . For Neipperg and the neighboring town of Stockheim , this transition is described as having no resistance; even more: the heads of both parishes were praised for their loyalty. A town hall was built in 1835. In 1850/51 new farm buildings were built in Neipperg Castle and the complex was then leased as a castle property. Almost half of the municipality's markings were owned by the Counts of Neipperg, including most of the forest and numerous vineyards, so that the castle estate with activities in particular in viticulture was the most important source of income for the population, which otherwise due to the strong fragmentation of land due to the scarcity of land and inheritance was mostly dependent on an additional handicraft to agriculture. In 1846 a peak was reached with 614 inhabitants. The population then declined due to rural exodus. In 1873 Neipperg had around 500 inhabitants.
The industrialization did not have a noticeable effect on the place. In 1904 only a few people had worked in factories in Lauffen am Neckar or Brackenheim, in 1929 15 girls from Neipperg were factory workers in Brackenheim and a few men in factories in Lauffen, Brackenheim and Schwaigern. In 1933 there were 454 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 428.
During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , Neipperg came to the Heilbronn district in 1938 .
Neipperg was largely spared from the air raids of World War II. In 1942 garden land was designated for refugees. After the great air raid on Heilbronn in December 1944, numerous Heilbronn residents sought refuge in the town, which increased the population to around 600. In the spring of 1945 French troops occupied Neipperg. Artillery fire came from the direction of Stetten . An aerial bombardment claimed a fatality; two more were killed by relocated Wehrmacht mines.
Since the place had become part of the American zone of occupation , it belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden since 1945 , which in 1952 became part of the current state of Baden-Württemberg.
In the post-war period, the asphalted expansion of the town's streets took place in 1948, the main street was drained in 1950, and building lines were planned for future local development in 1952 . By 1960 the population had dropped back to around 500.
In 1962, on the initiative of Hubertus Graf von Neipperg, the municipality entered into a partnership with the French municipality of Marsan ( Département Gers ).
From 1964 to 1969, the field and vineyard consolidation created the current appearance of the usable areas surrounding the place. On August 28, 1968, Neipperg was hit by a devastating flood after heavy downpours. As soon as the damage was repaired, the place was again under water on May 11, 1970. In 1973 the expansion of the Neipperger Bach improved the drainage situation.
Neipperg was incorporated into the city of Brackenheim on January 1, 1974 after a vote on December 2, 1973.
Today the place has about 600 inhabitants and is still strongly agricultural. Apart from winegrowers and agricultural businesses, Neipperg has no infrastructure worth mentioning.
coat of arms
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The coat of arms of Neipperg has been the coat of arms of the Counts of Neipperg since 1962: three (2: 1) silver rings in red (so the blazon ). |
Attractions
- Neipperg Castle , the oldest parts of which date from around 1200, is located on a hilltop southeast of the village.
- The Protestant Katharinenkirche is a late Gothic choir tower church, which was raised to an independent parish church as early as 1476 and was given its present form through renovations to the tower in 1754.
- The old wine press probably dates from the 18th century.
- The old town hall and school building from 1835 next to the Katharinenkirche has been used as a restaurant since 1983.
- The old rectory of the village dates from 1823.
Katharinenkirche
Old Town Hall
Old wine press
literature
- Home book of the city of Brackenheim and its districts , Brackenheim 1980
- Neipperg, the story of a village and its inhabitants , Brackenheim 1989
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ Communications of the Württemberg Stat. State Office No. 4/5 of December 10, 1940: Results of the population and occupational census on May 17, 1939
- ↑ Eligible voters: 325, votes cast: 197, yes for Brackenheim: 159, no votes: 35
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 465 .
