Neodymium (III) chloride

Crystal structure
Nd 3+      Cl -
Crystal system	hexagonal
Space group	P 6 3 / m (No. 176)
Coordination numbers	Nd [9], Cl [3]
General
Surname	Neodymium (III) chloride
other names	Neodymium trichloride Neodymium muriaticum Neodymium chloratum
Ratio formula	NdCl 3
Brief description	pink powder
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 10024-93-8 13477-89-9 (hexahydrate) PubChem 66204 Wikidata Q409903
properties
Molar mass	250.60 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.134 g cm −3  (25 ° C)
Melting point	784 ° C 124 ° C (hexahydrate)
boiling point	1600 ° C
solubility	soluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 315-319-335 P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
Toxicological data	3,692 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  mouse ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Neodymium (III) chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides . It should be noted that in the phase diagram of neodymium and chlorine there are two more proven phases between neodymium (II) chloride NdCl ₂ and neodymium (III) chloride NdCl ₃ , with NdCl _2.25 and NdCl _2.36 .

Extraction and presentation

Neodymium (III) chloride can be obtained by reacting neodymium (III) oxide with hydrogen chloride or ammonium chloride.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Nd_{2}O_{3}+6\ NH_{4}Cl\longrightarrow 2\ NdCl_{3}+3\ H_{2}O+6\ NH_{3}} }$

It can also be synthesized directly from the elements.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Nd+3\ Cl_{2}\longrightarrow 2\ NdCl_{3}} }$

properties

NdCl ₃ in sunlight (above) and under artificial light (fluorescent lamp, below)

Neodymium (III) chloride is a pink to pale violet, highly hygroscopic powder that quickly absorbs moisture in air and converts into hexahydrate. It has a hexagonal crystal structure with the space group P 6 ₃ / m (space group no. 176) . The hexahydrate is purple and has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group  P 2 / c (no. 13) . At 160 ° C it releases the crystal water and forms the anhydrous form.

use

Neodymium (III) chloride is used as a laboratory chemical and for the manufacture of other neodymium compounds. It also serves as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The hexahydrate is mainly used for glass, crystal and capacitors. Colored glass with additions of neodymium chloride shows delicate shades from violet to pure wine red and warm gray. These glasses show unusually sharp absorption bands.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Paperback for chemists and physicists . 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , pp. 634 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} data sheet Neodymium (III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, ≥99.99% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 24, 2012 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ Data sheet Neodymium (III) chloride hexahydrate, 99.99% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 24, 2012 ( PDF ).
4. ↑ Web elements: Neodymium trichloride
5. ↑ ^{a b} Neodymium Chloride
6. ↑ G. Meyer, Lester R. Morss: Synthesis of Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds . Springer, 1991, ISBN 0-7923-1018-7 , pp. 161 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ Pradyot Patnaik: Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2003, ISBN 978-0-07-049439-8 , p. 243 ( limited preview in Google book search).
8. ↑ Web elements: Reaction of neodymium with the halogens
9. ↑ Georg Brauer (ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1079.
10. ^ O. Nuyken, Reiner Anwander: Neodymium Based Ziegler Catalysts . Springer, 2006, ISBN 978-3-540-34809-2 , pp. 15th ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search).