Nickel snow mountainite
| Nickel snow mountainite | |
|---|---|
 (field of view 4 mm) |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 1999-028 |
| chemical formula | BiNi 2 (AsO 4 ) 2 (OH) • H 2 O |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
8.CG.15 02/40/09/07 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | monoclinic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | monoclinic prismatic; 2 / m |
| Space group | C 2 / m (No. 12) |
| Lattice parameters |
a = 8.995 Å ; b = 6.207 Å; c = 7.462 Å β = 115.00 ° |
| Formula units | Z = 2 |
| Frequent crystal faces | { 2 01}; other forms: {001}, { 1 11}, { 1 02}, {101}, { 1 01} |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 4 to 4.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 5.23 |
| Cleavage | no |
| Break ; Tenacity | shell-like |
| colour | yellow-orange to yellowish-brown, beige, olive-brown |
| Line color | light brown to almost white |
| transparency | translucent |
| shine | Diamond luster |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 1.920 n β = 1.950 n γ = 1.970 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.050 |
| Optical character | biaxial positive |
| Axis angle | 2V = calculated: 77 ° |
| Pleochroism | weak to clear (depending on the iron content): X = Z = light yellow, Y = brown |
Nickel snow mountainite is a very rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " phosphates , arsenates , vanadates ".
It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the chemical composition BiNi 2 (AsO 4 ) 2 (OH) H 2 O. Nickel snow mountainite is thus the nickel analog of snow mountainite (BiCo 2 (AsO 4 ) 2 (OH) H 2 O) and, similar to this, develops only microscopic crystals up to about 0.5 mm in size with a fibrous, radial to lamellar habit . The color depends on the amount of iron added and varies between yellow orange and yellowish brown to olive brown or beige.
Etymology and history
Nickel snow mountainite was found for the first time together with snow mountainite in 1999 on the Roten Berg near Schneeberg in Saxony and described by Werner Krause, Heinz-Jürgen Bernhardt, Herta Effenberger and Thomas Witzke , who named the mineral after its composition and thus close relationship to snow mountainite. It was recognized as an independent mineral in the same year under application number IMA1999-028 . The test results and the recognized name Schneebergit were published in 2002 in the "European Journal of Mineralogy 14" under the title Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite from Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany: the first Bi-bearing members of the tsumcorite group .
classification
The current classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) counts the nickel snow mountainite to the tsumcorite group with the general formula Me (1) Me (2) 2 (XO 4 ) 2 (OH, H 2 O) 2 , in which Me (1), Me (2) and X different positions in the structure of the minerals of the tsumcorite group with Me (1) = Pb 2+ , Ca 2+ , Na + , K + and Bi 3+ ; Me (2) = Fe 3+ , Mn 3+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ and X = As 5+ , P 5+ , V 5+ and represent S 6+ . To Tsumcoritgruppe include not only Nickelschneebergit still Cabalzarit , Cobaltlotharmeyerit , Cobalttsumcorit , Ferrilotharmeyerit , Gartrellit , Helmutwinklerit , Kaliochalcit , Krettnichit , Lotharmeyerit , Lukrahnit , Manganlotharmeyerit , Mawbyit , Mounanait , Natrochalcit , Nickellotharmeyerit , Nickeltsumcorit , Phosphogartrellit , Rappoldit , Schneebergit , Thometzekit , Tsumcorit , Yancowinnait and Zinc Gartrellite .
In the systematics of minerals according to Strunz (9th edition) , the nickel snow mountainite belongs to the division of "water-containing phosphates without foreign anions ".
Since the revision of Strunz's mineral systematics in the 9th edition in 2001, this section has been subdivided more precisely according to the size of the cations involved in the compound and the molar ratio of phosphate, arsenate or vanadate complex to crystal water . The Nickelschneebergit is accordingly in the new subdivision "With large and medium cations, RO 4 : H 2 O = 1: 1", where he together with Cabalzarit , Cobaltlotharmeyerit , Cobalttsumcorit , Ferrilotharmeyerit , Krettnichit , Lotharmeyerit (Rd), Manganlotharmeyerit , Mawbyit , Mounanaite , Nickellotharmeyerit , Schneebergite , Thometzekit and Tsumcorit form the unnamed group 8.CG.15 .
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is common in the English-speaking world , also assigns nickel snow mountainite to the class of "phosphates, arsenates and vanadates", but there in the department of "hydrated phosphates etc., with the general formula A 2+ (B 2+ ) 2 (XO 4 ) · x (H 2 O) ”, where together with tsumcorite, helmutwinklerite , Thometzekit, mawbyite, rappoldite , snow mountainite and cobalt sumcorite, the“ helmutwinklerite subgroup ”with the system no. 02/40/09 forms.
Crystal structure
Nickel snowbergite crystallizes monoclinically in the space group C 2 / m (space group no. 12) with the lattice parameters a = 8.995 Å ; b = 6.207 Å; c = 7.462 Å and β = 115.00 ° as well as two formula units per unit cell .
Education and Locations
Nickel snow mountainite forms in the oxidation zone of bismuth deposits. Accompanying minerals include bariopharmacosiderite , ferrilotharmeyerite , prizingerite , scorodite and waylandite .
So far (as of 2017) nickel snow mountainite could only be detected at its type locality Roter Berg.
See also
literature
- Werner Krause, Heinz-Jürgen Bernhardt, Herta Effenberger, Thomas Witzke : Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite from Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany: the first bi-bearing members of the tsumcorite group . In: European Journal of Mineralogy . tape 14 , 2002, p. 115–126 (English, rruff.info [PDF; accessed September 19, 2019]).
- Nickel snow mountainite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 ( handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 95 kB ; accessed on September 19, 2019]).
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Nickel Snow Mountainite (Wiki)
- American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database - Nickel snow mountainite. In: rruff.geo.arizona.edu. Retrieved September 19, 2019 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Malcolm Back, William D. Birch, Michel Blondieau and others: The New IMA List of Minerals - A Work in Progress - Updated: September 2019. (PDF 2672 kB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, Marco Pasero, September 2019, accessed September 19, 2019 .
- ↑ David Barthelmy: Nickel Snow Mountainite Mineral Data. In: webmineral.com. Retrieved September 19, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c Werner Krause, Heinz-Jürgen Bernhardt, Herta Effenberger, Thomas Witzke : Schneebergite and nickelschneebergite from Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany: the first bi-bearing members of the tsumcorite group . In: European Journal of Mineralogy . tape 14 , 2002, p. 115–126 (English, rruff.info [PDF; accessed September 19, 2019]).
- ↑ a b c d Thomas Witzke : The discovery of Schneebergite. In: strahlen.org. Retrieved September 19, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Nickel snow mountainite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed September 19, 2019 .
- ↑ Werner Krause, Klaus Belendorff, Heinz-Jürgen Bernhardt, Catherine McCammon, Herta Effenberger, Werner Mikenda: Crystal chemistry of the tsumcorite-group minerals. New data on ferrilotharmeyerite, tsumcorite, thometzekite, mounanaite, helmutwinklerite, and a redefinition of gartrellite . In: European Journal of Mineralogy . tape 10 , 1998, pp. 179-206 , doi : 10.1127 / ejm / 10/2/0179 .