Nodding primrose
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Nodding primrose ( Primula nutans ) |
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The nodding primrose ( Primula nutans ) is a species of the primrose family (Primulaceae). The common name in the English-speaking world is "Siberian Primrose".
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
Primula nutans grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 20 centimeters. The rhizome is thin and short. Sometimes runners are formed. The vegetative parts of the plant are not powdered with flour.
The leaves are arranged in basal rosettes and are clearly divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The wingless petiole is almost as long or occasionally longer than the leaf blade. The simple, bare leaf blade is 5 to 40 millimeters long and 4 to 20 millimeters wide, spatulate, ovate, somewhat elliptical to oblong or almost circular, and wedge-shaped or rounded at the base of the blade . The spreader tips are rounded, blunt or pointed. The leaf margins are whole to slightly serrated. The veining of the leaves is indistinct.
Inflorescence and flower
The flowering period extends over the summer. The leafless, (rarely 2) 3.5 to 25 centimeters long inflorescence stem is more or less slender and glabrous. One to six (rarely up to ten) flowers and bracts stand together in dold-like inflorescences . Those with a length of 5 to 9 millimeters elliptical elongated support sheets are oriented bags to the base with 1 to 1.5 millimeters auriculate , hardly punctured and some ciliated glandular; at the upper end they are blunt to pointed. The thin and nodding flower stalks are 5 to 30 (rarely up to 45) millimeters long.
The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . Five sepals , 5 to 8 millimeters long, have grown together over a third of their length to form a pentagonal, tubular to bell-shaped calyx tube. The calyx tube is slightly narrowed at its base. The color of the sepals is dotted green and dark. The calyx teeth with dense glandular lashes are ovate-oblong to triangular with a pointed to blunt upper end. The five lavender, pink to purple petals have no glands. The 6 to 10 millimeter long corolla tube is one and a half times to twice as long as the calyx with a ring-shaped, yellow throat with a diameter of 9 to 20 millimeters. Specimens from European holdings have a corolla tube of the same length. The corolla lobes are 4.5 to 10 millimeters long and 3 to 4.5 millimeters wide, obovate and deeply notched.
There are two types of flowers, which differ heterostyl in terms of the length of the style and the stamen position. Either the stamens extend to the middle of the corolla tube and the stylus protrudes over them, or the stamens extend to the end of the corolla tube and the style extends slightly beyond its center.
Fruit and seeds
The narrow cylindrical fruit capsule can be considerably longer than the calyx. The seed has a net-like structured surface.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20, 22, 32, 34.
Occurrence
The Holarctic distribution area is in northwestern North America with the US state Alaska , the Canadian territory of Yukon and the province of British Columbia as well as in Asia with northwestern China , Pakistan , Russia and northern Europe .
Primula nutans inhabits salty marshes and alluvial land at river mouths in coastal areas and in inland marshes and floodplains at altitudes from 0 to 3800 meters.
Hazard and protection
The European Union lists Primula nutans in Appendix II as a "plant species of Community interest, for the conservation of which special protection areas must be designated". In Germany , the nodding primrose ( Primula nutans ), like all European primrose species , is protected under the Federal Nature Conservation Act. Artificially propagated specimens are excluded from the protective provisions.
Taxonomy
The first publication of Primula nutans was in 1775 by Johann Gottlieb Georgi in remarks a trip in the Russian Empire in 1772 , Volume 1, page 200. A homonym is Primula nutans Delavay ex Franch. published in Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France , Volume 33 (1), page 69 in 1886 ; today this is a synonym of Primula flaccida N.P. Balakr. and unfortunately leads to confusion. Synonyms for Primula nutans Georgi are Primula finmarchica Jacq. , Primula nutans subsp. finmarchica Á.Löve & D.Löve , Primula sibirica Jacq. , Primula sibirica Wulfen , Primula sibirica subsp. finmarchica Hultén , Primula sibirica subsp. finmarchica var. jokelae and Primula sibirica var. kashmiriana Hook. f.
literature
- Sylvia Kelso: Primulaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 8: Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-534026-6 , pp. 296 (English). Primula nutans - online with the same text as the printed work (section description)
- Qiming Hu, Sylvia Kelso: Primulaceae . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 15: Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 , pp. 172 (English). Primula nutans - online with the same text as the printed work (section description)
- Yasin J. Nasir: Primulaceae . In: SI Ali & M. Qaiser (eds.): Flora of Pakistan . Volume 157. Dept. of Botany, University of Karachi et al. a., Karachi et al. a. 1984, OCLC 311352729 , Primula , S. 23 ( online ). (Section description, text identical to the printed work)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Annex 1 of the Federal Species Protection Ordinance
- ↑ a b WISIA. Scientific information system for international species protection. (No longer available online.) In: WISIA Online. German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, formerly in the original ; accessed on January 8, 2012 (search mask for Primula nutans, in the local language nodding primrose). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Plants Profile. Primula nutans Georgi / Siberian primrose. In: Plants Database. NRCS Natural Resources Concervation Service - USDA United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 8, 2012 .
- ↑ Primula sibirica. In: Den virtuella floran online . Naturhistorika riksmuseet, Stockholm, accessed on January 8, 2012 (Swedish, global distribution map only for the synonym Primula sibirica et al.).
- ↑ Council Directive 92/43 / EEC of May 21, 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and wild animals and plants (Habitats Directive) in the consolidated version of January 1, 2007 , Annex I, pp. 17-19, 23 In: OJ. L 206, July 22, 1992, p. 42 ( Primula nutans ).
- ↑ Appendix 2 of the Federal Species Protection Ordinance
- ^ Primula nutans at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
Web links
- Beach viva. Primula nutans . In: The virtuella floran. Naturhistorika riksmuseet, Stockholm, accessed January 8, 2012 (Swedish).
- Nodding cowslip. Primula nutans . In: NatureGate. LuontoPortti / NatureGate, accessed January 8, 2012 .
- Primula nutans. In: Primula World - A Visual Reference for the Genus Primula. Pam Eveleigh, 2011, accessed January 8, 2012 (English, picture gallery).