Nicole Brossard

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Nicole Brossard 2013

Nicole Brossard (born November 27, 1943 in Montréal ) is a French-speaking Canadian writer , essayist , editor and director . Her experimental volumes of poetry and novels have received several awards, including a. with two Governor General's Awards for Poetry . Brossard is considered an important " theorist and pioneer of literary and cultural feminism ".

Life and work

Brossard was born on November 27, 1943 to Marguerite Matte and Guillaume Brossard in Montréal. She completed her literature studies at the Université de Montréal in 1968; In 1971 she finished her studies in educational science at the Université du Québec à Montréal . She taught at the Regina Mundi School in Saint-Laurent for two years . : 159

In 1965 she made her debut with the volume of poetry Aube à la Saison . In the same year, she founded the literary magazine La Barre du Jour with Marcel Saint-Pierre, Roger Soublière and Jan Stafford , which set itself apart from nationally inspired poetry and published articles a. a. brought about formalism . The magazine was instrumental in the renewal of literature in Québec . In addition to her editorial work, Brossard continued to write her own literary texts. Her collection of poetry Mécanique jongleuse suivi de masculin grammaticale received the Governor General's Award for Poetry in 1974.

In 1975 Brossard left La Barre du Jour magazine . In that year she worked a. a. in the Organizing Committee for the Québec International Writers' Meeting, 1975 (Topic: Women and Writing). 1975-1976 she made the documentary Quelques féministes américaines (Some American Feminists, 1978) with Luce Guilbeault and Margaret Wescott . She and six other authors wrote the play La nef des sorcières (1976) : 160 the performance of which is considered a key event in the emergence of militant feminist theater of the 1970s and 1980s. In addition, Brossard was one of the founders of the feminist journal Les têtes de pioches (1976-79). With Andrée Yanacopoulo she directed the series Délire des Parti Pris Verlag.

In 1977 she co-founded the writers' association Union des écrivaines et écrivains québécois (UNEQ). In the same year she returned to La Barre du Jour and was involved in the redesign of the magazine; henceforth it was called La Nouvelle Barre du jour and devoted itself to applied literary theory, feminism and fiction. 1979 Brossard left the editorial office again and edited the anthology The Story so Far: Les Strategies du reel . In 1982 she founded the L'Intégrale éditrice publishing house. 1983-1985 she was the Vice President of UNEQ. : 161 Your collection of poetry, Double impression , received the Governor General's Award for Poetry in 1984. In 1991 she edited the “indispensable” anthology de la poesie des femmes au Quebec with Lisette Girouard .

In 1994 Brossard was accepted into the Académie des lettres du Québec. In 2010 she was appointed Officier de l ' Ordre du Canada (OC).

Style and subjects

Brossard's writing is classified by critics as " avant-garde " and "complex", as "formalistic", "experimental" or "on the threshold between modernism and postmodernism ". Her works are provocative, politically engaged, feminist. They show women as subjects of language, as subjects in contradictions. In the portrayal of her characters, Brossard breaks with common literary conventions. Often she draws attention to the writing process . Her texts, characterized by hints and ellipses , rely on active readers. Brossard himself describes some of her texts as "fiction theory", i. H. A pretext for reflection on (and intervention in) narrative structures that simulate reality. : 159 Klaus-Dieter Ertler attests to her work from the 1960s-1970s a “militant feminist language”; the Center de documentation virtuel sur la littérature québécoise describes its spelling as "flowing" and "sensual"; Pierre Nepveu describes her volumes of poetry Suite logique and Le Center blanc as “abstract” and “anti-lyrical”, but formative for young Canadian poets.

Works (selection)

Poetry
  • Aube à la season. Trois: AGEUM, 1965
  • Mordre en sa chair. Montréal: Esterel, 1966.
  • L'écho bouge beau. Montréal: Esterel, 1968.
  • Suite logique. Montréal: Hexagons, 1970.
  • Le center blanc. Montréal: Orphee, 1970.
  • Mecanique juggler. Paris: Generation, 1973.
  • Mécanique jongleuse suivi de masculin grammaticale. Montreal: Hexagons, 1974.
  • La partie pour le tout. Montréal: L'Aurore, 1975.
  • Amantes. Montréal: Quinze, 1980
  • Double Impression: Poemes et textes 1967−1984. Montréal: Hexagone 1985.
  • L'Aviva. Montreal: NBJ, 1985.
  • Domaine d'ecriture. Montreal: NJB, 1985.
  • Sous la langue / Under the Tongue. Montreal: L'Essentielle, 1987 (translated by Susanne de Lotbimier-Harwood).
  • Installations - avec et sans pronoms. Trois-Rivières: Écrits des Forges, 1989.
  • Langues obscures: poetry. Montreal: Hexagons, 1992.
  • La Nuit Verte du Parc Labyrinths. Laval: Trois, 1992.
  • Vertige de l'avant-scene. Trois-Rivières: Écrits des Forges 1997.
  • typhon dru - et la matière harmonieuse maneuver encore. Londres: Reality Press, 1997.
  • Au présent des veines. Trois-Rivières: Écrits des Forges, 1999.
  • Musée de l'os et de l'eau. Saint-Hippolyte: Éditions du Noroît, Résonance, 1999.
  • Cahier de roses & de civilization. Trois-Rivières: Éditions d'art Le Sabord, 2003.
  • Camino a Trieste - Je m'en vais à Trieste. Trois-Rivières: Écrits des Forges, 2005.
  • Après les mots. Trois-Rivières: Écrits des Forges, 2007.
  • Ardeur. Echternach: Editions Phi, 2008.
  • Lointaines. Paris: Éditions Caractères, 2010.
  • Piano blanc. Montréal: Éditions de l'Hexagone, 2011.
Books of poetry with Daphne Marlatt
  • Mauve, Montréal: NJB, 1985.
  • Character / Jeu de lettres. Montréal: NBJ, 1986
  • A tout regard. Montréal: BQ 1989
prose
  • Un livre. Montréal: Editions du jour, 1970
  • Sold-out: Etreinte / illustration. Montréal: Jour, 1973
  • French Kiss: Etreinte / exploration. Montréal: Jour, 1974
  • L'Amer, ou, Le Chapitre effrite: Fiction theorique. Quinze, Montréal 1977
    • Transl., Excerpt: cross the symbol, in: "From now on they called themselves mothers." Lesbians and children. Edited by Uli Streib-Brzič. Orlanda, Berlin 1991, pp. 94-102
  • Le Sens apparent. Paris: Flammarion, 1980
  • Picture theory. Montréal: Nouvelle Optique, 1982
  • Le Desert mauve. Hexagone, Montreal 1987
  • La Lettre aerienne (essays), Editions Remue-Menage, 1985
  • Baroque d'aube. Montréal: L'Hexagone, 1995
  • Here. Montréal: Mains libres, 2001
  • La capture you sombre. Montréal: Leméac, 2007
Radio plays
  • Narrateur et personnages. Original broadcast by Radio Canada , 1971
  • An impression de fiction dans le retroviseur. Original broadcast by Radio Canada, 1978
  • Journal intimate; ou, Voila donc un manuscrit. Original broadcast on Radio Canada, 1983
  • La Falaise. Original broadcast on Radio Canada, 1985
essay
  • She would be the first sentence of my new novel - Elle serait la premiere phrase de mon prochain roman. The Mercury Press, Toronto 1998
Movie
  • Quelques féministes américaines. 1978

Appreciations

  • 1974 Governor General's Award for Poetry for Mécanique jongleuse suivi de masculin grammaticale
  • 1984 Governor General's Award for Poetry for Double impression
  • 1989 Le Grand Prix de Poesie de la Foundation les Forges for Installations et À tout regard
  • 1991 Le Prix Athanase-David for her life's work
  • 1991 The Harbourfront Festival Prize
  • 1991 Honorary Doctorate from the University of Western Ontario
  • 1994 admission to the Académie des Lettres du Québec
  • 1997 Honorary doctorate from the Université de Sherbrooke
  • 1999 Grand Prix du Festival international de la poésie de Trois-Rivières for Au présent des veines and Musée de l'os et de l'eau
  • 2001 admission to the Académie mondiale de la poésie
  • 2002 Prix de la Société des écrivains canadiens for Here
  • 2003 WO Mitchell Award
  • 2003 scholarship from the Conseil des arts et des lettres du Québec
  • 2006 Molson Prize
  • 2010 Appointment as Officier de l'Ordre du Canada

literature

  • Émilie Notard: La traversée des sens. Trajectoire féministe dans l'oeuvre de Nicole Brossard de 1977 à 2007. Series: Francophone literatures and cultures outside Europe - Littératures et cultures francophones hors d'Europe, 11. Lit, Münster 2016, ISBN 9783643132048
  • Ghislaine Boulanger: Nicole Brossard: de nouvelles lectures critiques , in: @nalyses: Revue de Critique et de Théorie Littéraire , Vol. 1 No. 1, 2006 PDF file
  • Ghislaine Boulanger: A Feigned Essentialism in Nicole Brossard's Work , in: How2 , Vol. 2 No. 3, 2005 PDF file .
  • Jodi Lundgren: "A Girl in Combat in the City of Men": The Civic, Resistant, Ontological Woman in the Work of Nicole Brossard , in: How2 , Vol. 2 No. 3, 2005 PDF file .
  • Maureen E. Ruprecht Fadem: "bringing me into the world": Brossard's "Lovhers" and the Domain of Linguistic Survival , in: How2 , Vol. 2 No. 3, 2005 PDF file
  • Nancy Gillespie: Before and after écriture au féminin: Uncanny Gothic connections in Nicole Brossard's "These Our Mothers Or: The Disintegrating Chapter" and "Mauve Desert", in: How2 , Vol. 2 No. 3, 2005 PDF file
  • Louise H. Forsyth (Ed.): Nicole Brossard: Essays on Her Works . Guernica Ed., Toronto 2005, ISBN 9781550712339
  • Susan Lynne Knutson: Narrative in the feminine: Daphne Marlatt and Nicole Brossard . Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Waterloo 2000, ISBN 9780889203594
  • Alice Parker: Liminal Visions of Nicole Brossard . Peter Lang, New York 1998, ISBN 9780820430652
  • Traude Bührmann : "Nicole Brossard", in: Alexandra Busch and Dirk Link (eds.), Frauenliebe, Männerliebe. A lesbian-gay literary history in portraits . JB Metzler, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3476014584
  • Winfried Siemerling: Discoveries of the other: Alterity in the Work of Leonard Cohen , Hubert Aquin , Michael Ondaatje , and Nicole Brossard . University of Toronto Press, 1994 ISBN 9780802005175
  • Luise von Flotow : Women's desiring voices from Québec. Nicole Brossard, Anne Dandurand and Claire Dé. - In: Us - them. Ed. Gordon Collier. Rodopi, Amsterdam 1992 (Cross / cultures, 6) pp. 109-119
  • Karen Gould: Nicole Brossard: Beyond Modernity or Writing in the Third Dimension , in dies. Writing in the feminine: feminism and experimental writing in Quebec . Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale 1990, ISBN 9780809315826 , pp. 52-106
  • Renée Berthe: Féminins singuliers: Practiques d'écriture: Brossard . Triptyque, Montreal 1986, ISBN 9782890310414

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Nicole Brossard ( English, French ) In: The Canadian Encyclopedia .
  2. ^ A b c d Lianne Moyes, "Brossard, Nicole", in: William H. New, Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada , Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002 ISBN 0-8020-0761-9 .
  3. ↑ Nicole Brossard: Bio at: epc.buffalo.edu, accessed on August 31, 2015 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Brossard, Nicole at: litterature.org, accessed on August 31, 2015 (French).
  5. ^ Louise H. Forsyth, "La nef des sorcières (1976): l'écriture d'un théâtre expérimental au féminin", in: L'Annuaire théâtral: revue québécoise d'études théâtrales 46 (2009) ISSN  0827-0198 , p 33-56.
  6. ^ Joseph Bonenfant: La Barre du jour ( English, French ) In: The Canadian Encyclopedia . Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  7. ^ L'Académie des lettres du Québec, Nicole Brossard at: academiedeslettresduquebec.ca, accessed on August 31, 2015 (French).
  8. ↑ Archivée - Résidence du Gouverneur Général 145/13 (March 26, 2011) at: gazette.gc.ca, accessed on August 31, 2015 (French, English ).
  9. ↑ Beverly Curran, “Nicole Brossard” in: Timothy Murphy, Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies , London: Routledge, 2000 ISBN 978-1579581428 pp. 99-100.
  10. ↑ Klaus-Dieter Ertler, Brief history of the French-Canadian novel . Gunter Narr, Tübingen 2000, ISBN 978-3823349792 p. 215.
personal data
SURNAME Brossard, Nicole
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Canadian writer, essayist, editor, director and feminist
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1943
PLACE OF BIRTH Montréal