Nicole Reynaud Savioz

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Nicole Reynaud Savioz (* 1973 in Yverdon ) is a Swiss archaeozoologist .

She has been working as a research assistant at the University of Basel since 2006 in the areas of integrative prehistoric and scientific archeology and Archeology et Recherches Interdisciplinaires dans les Alpes . She undertook investigations into numerous settlements in the Alpine region of western Switzerland and is involved in the glacier archeology of the mercenary of Theodul on the Upper Theodul glacier near Zermatt. Above all, however, she has been digging for around two decades at the oldest sites in Syria , in particular at the most productive archaeozoological sites of the early Paleolithic in the entire eastern Mediterranean.

research

Reynaud Savioz attended the Collège de la royale Abbaye de St-Maurice from 1987 and studied archeology and ethnology at the University of Neuchâtel and at the University of Geneva from 1992 to 2000 . During this time she took part in excavations at the sites of La Redoute des Bourguignons (Neuchâtel) in 1993, Mithraeum ( Martigny , 1994 and 1995), Cortaillod / Petit Ruz ( Canton of Neuchâtel ) in 1995 and 1996, and then in 1997 Neolithic-Bronze Age site Concise -sous-Colachoz ( Canton Vaud ). In 1998 the excavations followed in Bevaix / Places d'Armes (Canton Neuchâtel) and at the Gallo-Roman thermal baths of Massongex .

As an archaeozoologist, she has excavated sites in Syria , particularly in 2003 in Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar , and Hummal , and analyzed the remains of the fauna there. In the former case it was about remains from the time between 525,000 and 350,000 years ago, in the latter case it was from the time 200,000 years ago. The well-preserved and very numerous remains came from hunting animals. According to Reynaud Savioz, the dominant taxa at the extremely important El Kowm excavation site were camels, small Bovidae, especially gazelles and Equidae ; on the other hand, the archaeozoologist counted the Rhinocerotidae , then the larger Bovidae, such as oryx antelopes , and carnivores among the important but significantly less common elements. In addition, together with Philippe Morel, she succeeded in detecting the oldest specimen of Equus hydruntinus . As part of the Integrative Biology research group in Basel , their work on the bone material of the oldest sites in Syria, Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar and Hummal, allows us to record the subsistence habits of the Middle East in the early Paleolithic and to reconstruct the climate and landscape over a period of around 800,000 years ( Status: 2018).

In 2008 she dug at the Bramois site, Immeuble Pranoé D, where she examined paleozoological remains of the early Middle Ages. 2013-2014 investigations were carried out in connection with the mercenary of Theodul . There were numerous bones of animals in which Reynaud Savioz was able to determine the type and gender as well as the age distribution. At the Mörderstein site, it could be proven that the Mesolithic hunters already kept animals and began to domesticate them.

She increasingly carried out her activities at western Alpine sites from the Mesolithic and Neolithic as well as the Bronze and Iron Ages up to late antiquity , especially in Valais . Their investigations corrected the picture of the composition of the human diet in the hunter-gatherer societies, but also in the early farming groups in Switzerland and France, such as the Cortaillod culture . In addition to the picture of the diet and the local ecosystems, their investigations - in the context of the glacier archeology , which was also used very late in Switzerland - changed the ideas of tool technology, which was based much more often on animal products than long assumed, for example for the early ones could prove alpine groups of the farmer-shepherd societies ("industrie osseuse").

She was also able to prove the early use of animal hair and milk by cows and sheep as well as goats. Finally, by means of bone analysis and unilateral wear and tear on certain parts of the bone, exploitation as carrying animals or draft animals could be proven. Throughout the entire Neolithic, sheep and goats were predominant among the western Alpine groups, which continued into the early Roman period; In Valais, sheep meat was more common than goats. There was already contact with groups in the south of France in the early Neolithic, which is also reflected in the fact that sheep were kept there for their meat and goats for their milk.

In 1997, 2001 and 2013 she co-organized exhibitions at the Musée de la nature du Valais , in the Natural History Museum of the Valais in Sion , which revolved around the earliest use of animals in the Alpine region.

Nicole Reynaud Savioz is on the board of the Valais Archaeological Society, founded in 2000 . She has been a member of the International Council for Archeozoology since 2006 , of the Société Suisse pour la Recherche sur le Quaternaire since 2013 , of the Valais Society for Wildlife Biology since 2014 and of the Groupe de travail pour les recherches préhistoriques en Suisse since 2015 and four others Scientific associations in Valais, such as the Association of Humanities Scholars in Valais .

Publications (selection)

  • with Philippe Morel: La faune de Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (Syrie centrale, Pléistocène moyen): aperçu et perspectives , in: Revue de Paléobiologie 10 (2005) 31–35. ( online )
  • La faune , in: Cahiers d'archéologie fribourgeoise 7 (2005) 29–37 ( Montilier / Dorf, fouille Strandweg 1992/1993 ).
  • La faune des fosses laténiennes de Bramois, Les Hauts de Pranoé , in: Philippe Curdy, François Mariéthoz, Lionel Pernet, Antoinette Rast-Eicher: Rituels funéraires chez les Sédunes. Les nécropoles du Second Age du Fer en Valais central (IVe-Ier siècle av. J.-C.) , in: Cahiers d'archéologie romande 112 (2009) 225-251 ISBN 9782880281120 ( online ).
  • Protohistoric Animal Deposits in the Alps. Considerations Regarding a Dog, a Pig and Four Human Neonates from the Rural Settlement of Gamsen (Valais, Switzerland) , in: Aleksander Pluskowski (Ed.): The Ritual Killing and Burial of Animals: European Perspectives , Oxbow Books, 2011, p. 76-87.
  • with François-Xavier Chauvière: La faune et l'industrie sur matières dures d'origine animale , in: Cahiers d'archéologie romande 126 (2011) 77–122. ( academia.edu )
  • The faunal remains from Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (Syria). Preliminary indications of animal acquisition in an Acheulean site , in: Jean-Marie Le Tensorer , Reto Jagher, Marcel Otte (Eds.): The Lower and Middle Palaeolithic in the Middle East and Neighboring Regions , Lüttich 2011, pp. 225–233 ( online , PDF).
  • Protohistoric Animal Deposits in the Alps. Considerations about a Dog, a Pig and four Human Neonates from the Rural Settlement of Gamsen (Valais, Switzerland) , in: Aleksander Pluskowski (Ed.): The Ritual Killing and Burial of Animals. European Perspectives , Oxbow Books, 2012, pp. 76–87.
  • La faune , in: Hugo Amoroso, Daniel Castella: Un habitat gaulois aux origines d'Aventicum. Les fouilles de Sur Fourches (2009/2015) 7-72.
  • with Julien Opliger: Les poissons de la station Cortaillod de Muntelier / Dorf, fouille Strandweg (lac de Morat) , in: Cahiers d'Archéologie Fribourgeoise / Freiburger Hefte für Archäologie 15 (2013) 42–52.
  • Le mouton, la chèvre, le boeuf et le porc valaisons: Evolution de leur stature du néolithique au Moyen Age , in: Bulletin Murithienne 131 (2013/2014) 47–63. ( online , PDF)
  • "Mules and rock horses": the remains of animal bones , in: Sophie Providoli, Philippe Curdy, Patrick Elsig (eds.): 400 years in glacier ice. The Theodulpass near Zermatt and its “mercenaries” , Verlag für Kultur und Geschichte (series: Geschichtsmuseum Wallis), Sitten 2015, ISBN 978-3-03919-370-7 , pp. 71–82
  • with Hani Elsuede: Les carnivores pléistocènes des genres Canis et Panthera de Hummal et Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (El Kowm, Syrie) , in: Vocation préhistoire. Hommage à Jean-Marie Le Tensorer , Liège 2017, pp. 109–119. ( academia.edu )
  • A propos d'un squelette partiel de cerf rouge (Cervus elaphus) de l'Atlantique ancien dévouvert dans le Lac Supérieru de Fully (Sorntio, Commune de Fully, 2135 m alt.) , In: Bulletin Murithienne 134/2016 (2017) 35 –46 ( online , PDF).
  • L'habitat alpin de Gamsen (Valais, Suisse) 4. Étude de la faune , Cahiers d'archéologie romande 170, Archaeologia Vallesiana 13, Lausanne 2018. ( academia.edu, sommaire )
  • Des chats et des hommes. Histoire du chat domestique (Felis catus) en Valais, racontée par l'archéozoologie , in: Caroline Brunetti, Alain Dubois, Olivier Paccolat, Sophie Providoli (eds.): Alexandra Antonini. Hommage à une archéologue médiéviste , Sion 2019, pp. 467–480 ( researchgate ).
  • with Caroline Leuzinger, Claudia Beck, Philippe Curdy, Irka Hajdas, Reto Jagher, Urs Leuzinger, Jean-Claude Praz, Werner H. Schoch: The Grotte du Poteu in the municipality of Saillon (Valais, Switzerland). Archaeological investigations 2018 , in: Jahrbuch Archäologie Schweiz 2 (2019) 123-131 (in addition to animal bones, remains of two burials, Neolithic or Bronze Age (?), Arrowhead made of rock crystal, ceramics from the Neolithic to Roman times, remains of fire from the early Middle Ages, very little overall used cave). ( academia.edu )
  • Découvertes paléontologiques au Gouffre de Giétroz Devant dans le vallon de Susanfe (commune d'Evionnaz, Valais) , in: Bulletin Murithienne 136 (2018) 21–30 (cave discovered in 2017 at a height of 2178 m, about 50 animals fell into it - exclusively male Alpine ibex from a population from 6460 to 3400 BC, which is now extinct; then female sheep and lambs between 200 and 46 BC; the very good state of preservation provides information on the earliest pasture management and climate history). ( academia.edu )

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Caroline Fink : Glacier archeology. Story from the freezer , in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , November 6, 2015.
  2. ↑ An exhibition in Brig shows the “Mercenaries from Theodulpass” , media conference of the Valais History Museum, 2016 (pdf)
  3. ↑ Nicole Reynaud Savioz Philippe Morel: La faune de Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (Syrie centrale, Pleistocene moyen): aperçu et perspectives. In: Revue de Paléobiologie 10 (2005), pp. 31–35.
  4. ↑ A conference was held in 2008: The Faunal Remains from Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (Syria). Some reflections about hunting and butchering activities in an Acheulian Site Poster session, 1st Symposium of Basel, May 8th-10th 2008, The Lower and Middle Palaeolithic in the Middle East and Neighboring Regions .
  5. ^ Jean-Marie Le Tensorer: The Lower Palaeolithic of Syria , in: Yehouda Enzel, Ofer Bar-Yosef (ed.): Quaternary of the Levant. Environments, Climate Change, and Humans , Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 567–575, here: p. 571.
  6. ↑ Reto Jagher, Jean-Marie Le Tensorer: El Kowm, a key area for the Palaeolithic of the Levant in Central Syria , in: Jean-Marie Le Tensorer, Reto Jagher, Marcel Otte (eds.): The Lower and Middle Palaeolitliic in the Middle East and Neighbonring Regions. Basel Symposium (May 8-10 2008) , Lüttich 2008, pp. 197–208.
  7. ↑ Pietro Martini, Loïc Costeur, Jean-Marie-Le Tensorer, Peter Schmid: Pleistocene camelids from the Syrian Desert: The diversity in El Kowm / Camélidés Pléistocène du désert syrien: la diversité à El Kowm , in: Anthropologie 119.5 (2015) 687 -693.
  8. ↑ Eline N. van Asperen, Krzysztof Stefaniak, Iurii Proskurnyak, Bogdan Ridush: Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial remains , in: Palaeontologia electronica, accepted November 22, 2011 ( http://palaeo-electronica.org/content/in-press/124-equids-from-emine-bair-khosar online).
  9. ↑ "Le matériel Osseux offre une occasion unique au Proche-Orient de saisir les comportements de subsitance au paleolithique ancien", as the project is called text (s. Related links).
  10. ↑ Amelie Alterauge, Sophie Providoli, Negahnaz Moghaddam, Sandra Lösch: Death in the Ice: Re-investigations of the Remains from the Theodul Glacier (Switzerland) , in: Journal of Glacial Archeology 2,1 (2015) 35–50, here: P. 37 ( online , PDF).
  11. ↑ Nicole Reynaud Savioz, Francois-Xavier Chauvière: La faune et l'industrie sur matières dures d'origine animale. In: Manuel Mottet, Anne-Lyse Gentizon Haller, Marc Haller, Gabriele Giozza (eds.): Les bâtiments semi-enterrés de Bramois. Un habitat du Néolithique final en Valais (Suisse). Cahiers d'Archéologie romande 126, Archaeologia Vallesiana 8, Lausanne, 2011, pp. 77–229, here: p. 121.
  12. ^ Board of Directors, Valais Archaeological Society AVA-WAG
  13. ^ Procès-verbal .
  14. ^ Members list .
personal data
SURNAME Reynaud Savioz, Nicole
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss archaeozoologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1973
PLACE OF BIRTH Yverdon