Low cinquefoil

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Low cinquefoil
Lower cinquefoil (Potentilla supina)

Lower cinquefoil ( Potentilla supina )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Finger herbs ( potentilla )
Type : Low cinquefoil
Scientific name
Potentilla supina
L.

The lower cinquefoil ( Potentilla supina ) is a species of the genus cinquefoil ( Potentilla ) within the rose family (Rosaceae). It is widespread in the temperate and warmer areas of Eurasia .

description

Illustration from storm

Vegetative characteristics

The lower cinquefoil is an annual to short-lived perennial herbaceous plant . The aboveground parts of the plant are hairy or hairless. It usually has several prostrate to ascending, 10 to 40 centimeters long and branched stems .

The leaves are pinnate two to six pairs pinna leaflet . The lateral leaflets are 1 to 3 centimeters long and oblong to obovate, roughly serrate-crenate to pinnate and the terminal leaflet is often deeply split. The top and bottom of the leaf is green.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to September. The stems are profuse. The bracts are shaped like foliage in the inflorescence and tower above the young flowers. The flowers are opposite to the leaf or seemingly axillary and sit on 5 to 20 millimeters long peduncles that are bent downwards after the anthesis .

The hermaphrodite flowers are 6 to 10 millimeters in diameter and are radially symmetrical and five-fold. The five sepals are 3 to 4 millimeters long and triangular. The five free, yellow petals are usually shorter than the sepals.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.

Occurrence

Potentilla supina is widespread in the temperate and warmer areas of Eurasia . It occurs from France in the west through Central Europe, southern Eastern Europe and southern Siberia to the east as far as China and Korea . In the north there are individual occurrences up to central Scandinavia , in the south in North Africa , Anatolia , Iraq , Iran , Armenia and in the Central Asian mountains.

Potentilla supina occurs very rarely in the Central European flora and only sporadically and often inconsistently. It is not entirely certain whether the lower cinquefoil is originally native to Central Europe. It occurs more like an inconsistent adventitious plant, especially outside of its main distribution area. Their locations are naturally subject to rapid changes and their occurrence is often threatened.

The lower cinquefoil occurs in Germany only in the east. It is more common in the Rhine and Main areas. It rarely occurs on the Lower Elbe, the upper Weser, the middle and lower Necker, and on the Danube near Regensburg.

In Switzerland it occurs only rarely and adventurously.

In Austria, the low cinquefoil occurs scattered or rarely in all federal states. It is only original in the Pannonian flora province , in the area of ​​the Central European flora region it only occurs inconsistently in a displaced or naturalized state.

Potentilla supina grows mainly on muddy to gravelly banks of water, on roadsides, on road gravel, in the area of ​​port and railway facilities, on filling soil , sewage sludge, etc. This light and somewhat warmth-loving species prefers nutrient-rich, fresh to moist soils . It is a character species of the order Bidentetalia in Central Europe and often occurs together with the red and yellow foxtail grass ( Alopecurus aequalis ).

photos

  • inflorescence

  • Top and bottom view of the radially symmetrical, five-fold flower. The cup has an outer cup.

  • Collective fruit

  • Sliced ​​collective fruit

  • Nuts

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Potentilla supina L., Lower cinquefoil. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  540 .
  3. ↑ Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  4. ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 711 .

Web links

Commons : Lower cinquefoil ( Potentilla supina )  - album containing pictures, videos and audio files