Nikita Ilyich Tolstoy

Nikita Iljitsch Tolstoi ( Russian: Никита Ильич Толстой ; born April 15, 1923 in Werschetz ; † June 27, 1996 in Moscow ) was a Serbian - Russian linguist , Slavist and university teacher .

Life

Tolstoy's father was the Russian naval officer Ilya Ilyich Tolstoy (1897-1970), the grandson Ilya Lwowitsch Tolstoy and great-great-nephew Lev Nikolajewitsch Tolstoy and who emigrated to Serbia after the October Revolution . Tolstoy attended an émigré school. During the Second World War he was a member of the partisan movement from 1941 to 1944 . 1944-1945 he was part of the Red Army .

In 1945 Tolstoy traveled with his parents to the USSR and began studying Bulgarian language and literature at the Philosophical Faculty of Lomonosov University Moscow (MGU). He completed his diploma thesis under Viktor Vladimirovich Winogradov . After graduating from 1952–1956, Tolstoy was a teacher at the Moscow State Institute for International Relations (MGIMO). He created the first Serbo-Croatian - Russian dictionary in the USSR. In 1954 he defended his candidate dissertation prepared by Samuil Borissowitsch Bernstein on the short and complete forms of adjectives in the Old Church Slavonic language .

Tolstoy then worked in the Moscow Institute of Slavic and Balkan Studies (ISB) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR). In the 1950s, he studied Bulgarian dialects in Bessarabia , on the Sea of ​​Azov, and in Bulgaria . From 1962 on he led expeditions to collect materials in Polesia (until 1986), which made him the founder of Soviet ethnolinguistics . From 1968 he taught at the MGU. In 1972 he defended his doctoral thesis on the semantic analysis of Slavic geography terminology . In 1976 he was appointed professor at MGU. From 1977 he headed the group for ethnolinguistics and folklore at the ISB. In 1984 he became a corresponding member of the AN-SSSR and in 1987 a real member. 1992–1996 he was a member of the presidium of the now Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN). He was the author of a large number of scientific publications. Among his students were Olga Vladislavovna Belova , Alexander Dmitrijewitsch Dulitschenko and Anatoly Fyodorowitsch Schuravljow .

In the last years of his life, Tolstoy was the Council Chairman of the Russian Foundation for the Humanities and Social Sciences .

Tolstoy was married to the linguist Svetlana Mikhailovna Tolstaya née Schur and had two daughters, Marfa, who became a linguist, and Anna, who became known as the television presenter Fjokla Tolstaya .

Tolstoy died after a serious illness and was buried in the Tolstoy cemetery in Kochaki near Yasnaya Polyana .

Honors, prizes

• Medal "For the capture of Budapest"
• Medal "For the capture of Vienna"
• Order of the Great Patriotic War
• Demidow Prize (1994)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ «История белорусской науки в лицах» Центральной научной библиотеки им. Я.Коласа НАН Беларуси: Толстой Никита Ильич (accessed August 23, 2018).
2. ↑ Большая российская энциклопедия: ТОЛСТО́Й Никита Ильич (accessed August 23, 2018).
3. ↑ Толстой И. В., Светана-Толстая С. В .: Пути и судьбы. Из семейной хроники . Икар, Moscow 2000, ISBN 5-7974-0017-0 .
4. ↑ Moikienko VM: Slavističeskoe nasledie NI Tolstogo . In: Greifswald contributions to Slavic studies . tape 3 , 1998, p. 66-87 .
5. ↑ Tolstoy NI: Славянская географическая терминология: Семасиологические этюды . Nauka , Moscow 1969.
6. ↑ RAN: Толстой Никита Ильич (accessed August 23, 2018).
7. ↑ Литература о жизни и трудах Н. И. Толстого (accessed August 23, 2018).
8. ↑ Anatolij A. Alekseev, Nikolaj P. Antropov, Anna G. Kretschmer, Fedor B. Poljakov, Svetlana M. Tolstaja (eds.): Slavic intellectual culture: ethnolinguistic and philological research: on the 90th birthday of NI Tolstoj (Slavjanskaja duchovnaja kul ʹ tura: ėtnolingvističeskie issledovanija) . PL Academic Research, Frankfurt am Main 2016.
9. ↑ RAN Institute for Slavic Studies: Толстая Марфа Никитична (accessed on 23 August 2018).