Nicholas I (Tecklenburg)
Nikolaus I (* around 1300 , † around 1368 ) was the first Count of Tecklenburg from the House of Schwerin .
family
He was the son of Gunzelin VI. from the Schwerin-Wittenburg line and the Richardis von Tecklenburg .
His first marriage was to Helene von Oldenburg and his second marriage to a Countess Diepholz. The heir Otto and the daughter Richeza emerged from the first marriage . This married Otto III. Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst .
Life
After the death of Otto IV , the line of the Counts of Tecklenburg from the Bentheim-Tecklenburg family ended in 1328 . As early as 1326 he had renounced the county of Tecklenburg and the associated possessions in favor of his brother-in-law Gunzelin von Schwerin. Gunzelin died in 1327, so Otto's nephew Nikolaus von Schwerin-Dannenberg took over the inheritance. He founded the Tecklenburg-Schwerin line.
At the time of the inheritance, however, he was not yet of legal age. Relative Adolf von der Mark ruled as guardian until 1330. After Nikolaus had taken over the government himself, distrust struck him as a stranger. He could assert himself, however. He fought the knight Hermann von Cappel, who had built a castle without the permission of the count. He also fought against the Frisians and made other campaigns of war and conquest. With this he made further enemies.
Bishop Ludwig von Munster , Count Adolf von der Mark , Bernhard von Ravensberg , Simon and Otto von der Lippe an alliance against the closing in 1333 of Korff with the aim of the new house Harkotten to destroy and to create further strongholds in the area of Goger othing Warendorf to prevent. In 1335 he acquired the Hümmling Gogericht . King Ludwig IV gave him and his descendants a free county and royal ban.
Between 1348 and 1352 the county of Tecklenburg was hit hard by the plague . In 1350 he lost some areas to the bishops of Osnabrück . In 1354 Nikolaus took the Iburg of the bishops of Osnabrück, but gave it back after money had been paid. During this time the County of Ravensberg and the rule of Rheda came under his influence. In 1365 the rule of Rheda fell entirely to Tecklenburg.
With the consent of his son Otto VI. Nicholas sold his rights to the county of Schwerin to the dukes Albert and Heinrich von Mecklenburg . With the money he was able to advance the development of the state in Tecklenburg and build fortifications. In 1360 Nikolaus went on raids in the area of the Bishop of Munster . He was banned by Pope Urban V in 1364 . He was only released from it after his death. In 1366 he gave Bevergern city rights. Tecklenburg also received city rights a little earlier. However, these are only documented in 1388. With the city charter, he tried to push ahead with the development of the country. But it was also a measure against the growing influence of the knighthood, who claimed the right to tax approval around 1355.
literature
- Friedrich Ernst Hunsche: History of the Tecklenburg district. In: The Tecklenburg district. Stuttgart, Aalen, 1973 pp. 64-103 PDF file
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Otto V. |
Count of Tecklenburg 1328-1368 |
Otto Vi. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nicholas I. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Count of Tecklenburg |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 13th century or 14th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 14th Century |