Ninurta-apil-ekur

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Ninurta-apil-ekur was a Middle Assyrian king . According to the Assyrian royal list , he ruled for three years, another list gives 13 years.

author Reign Remarks
Cassin 1966 1192-1180 middle chronology
Gasche et al. 1998 1189-1178 Ultra-short chronology
Freydank 1991 1181-1169

government

According to the Assyrian king list , he was the son of Ilī-padâ , a descendant of Eriba-Adad , who had gone into exile in Karduniaš ( Babylonia ). His father Ilī-padâ was a descendant of Eriba-Adad I (1390-1364) and sukallu rabi'u and šar von Hanilgabat under Aššur-nārāri III. (1202-1197). He must have had great power, since Adad-šuma-uṣur of Babylon calls him King of Assyria. Borger assumes that this was simply meant as an insult to the real king, which would be consistent with the other tone of the letter, which accuses the kings of laziness and drunkenness and which surprisingly exists as a New Assyrian copy. Ninurta-apil-ekur describes himself in some of his inscriptions as the son of Eriba-Adad.

Ninurta-apil-ekur came back from exile in Babylon and, probably with the support of the Kassites , seized the throne. A severe earthquake is documented during his reign that destroyed the Ishtar temple in Assur .

title

He carried the title of King of the Empire, Governor of Enlil and Ninurta and is attested by numerous inscriptions.

chronology

Ninurta-apil-ekur ruled for either 13 (older Assyrian King List , NaKL) or three years. Hornung has chosen the short chronology, Michael Rowton the long one. Most researchers prefer the shorter duration, but Freydank assigns eleven līmu to his rule (Saporetti, however, not a single one). No complete lists of eponyms are available for the Central Assyrian period (approx. 1500–1000 BC) . Recently, Jaume Llop presented a sequence of eponyms that confirms the long reign, but does not cover the entire 13 years.

  • Salmānu-zēra-iqīša
  • Liptānu
  • Salmānu-šumu-lešir
  • Erib-Ashur
  • Marduk-aḫa-ēriš
  • Pišqīja

The next year, Ninurta-apil-ekurs's son Aššur-dan followed as an eponym. Llop assumes that the Central Assyrian kings held this office in their first year of reign.

In any case, Ninurta-apil-ekur was a contemporary of Meli-Schipak of Babylon . A wedge text from Assur shows that Meli-Schipak gave him a team of horses and blankets.

progeny

His daughter Muballitat [...] was a high priestess, his son Aššur-dan I became king after him.

literature

  • M. Astour: The Hurrian king at the siege of Emar . In: Mark W. Chavalas (Ed.): Emar, the history, religion and culture of a Syrian town in the late Bronze Age . Bethesda 1996, pp. 25-26.
  • JA Brinkman: Materials and studies for Kassite history . Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago 1976.
  • Helmut Freydank : Contributions to Central Assyrian chronology and history . Berlin 1991 ( writings on the history and culture of the ancient Orient . 21).
  • Helmut Freydank: On the eponym sequences of the 13th century BC In major Katlimmu . In: Archive for Orient Research . 32, 2005, pp. 45-56.
  • H. Gasche: Dating the fall of Babylon: A re-appraisal of Second-Millennium chronology: A joint Ghent-Chicago-Harvard project . Ghent and Chicago 1998 ( Mesopotamian History and Environment . Series 2. Memoires 3).
  • Albert Kirk Grayson : Assyrian Royal Inscriptions. Part 1: From the beginning to Ashur-resha-ishi I . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1972.
  • E. Hornung: Studies on the chronology and history of the New Kingdom . Wiesbaden 1964.
  • Jaume Llop: MARV 6, 2 and the eponym sequences of the 12th century . In: Journal of Assyriology . 98, 2008, pp. 20-25.
  • Joan Oates: Babylon . Bergisch Gladbach 1983, ISBN 381120727X , pp. 117, 122f.
  • Julian Reade: Assyrian king-lists, the royal tombs of Ur, and Indus origins . In: Journal of Near Eastern Studies . 60, 2001, pp. 1-29.
  • MB Rowton: The material from Western Asia and the chronology of the Nineteenth Dynasty . In: Journal of Near Eastern Studies . 25/4, 1966, pp. 240-258.
  • C. Saporetti: Gli Eponimi medio-assiri . Malibu 1979 ( Bibliotheca Mesopotamica . 9).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ MB Rowton, The Background of the Treaty between Ramesses II. And Hattušiliš III. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 13/1, 1959, 5
  2. ^ H. Freydank: Contributions to Central Assyrian Chronology and History . Berlin 1991 ( Writings on the History and Culture of the Ancient Orient . 21) p. 195.
  3. ↑ a b Jaume Llop: MARV 6, 2 and the eponym sequences of the 12th century . In: Journal of Assyriology . 98, 2008, p. 20.
  4. ↑ http://www.assur.de/Themen/Ausgrabung/Assur2001/Schriftfunde/schriftfunde.html

See also

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Enlil-kudurrī-uṣur Assyrian king Aššur-dan I.
personal data
SURNAME Ninurta-apil-ekur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Assyrian king
DATE OF BIRTH 13th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 12th century BC Chr.