Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II.

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Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II. (Also Tukulti-apil-escharra ) or Tiglat-Pileser II. , In analogy to the biblical name of Tukulti-apil-Ešarra III, who ruled about two hundred years later . , was King of the Assyrian Empire from 966–935 BC. Chr.

Its Akkadian name means: "My trust rests on the heir of Ešarra". The name is seen as particularly politically ambitious. Ešarra denotes the main temple in Aššur . The heir son of Ešarra is the deity Ninurta , the son of the city and state god Aššur . Since Tukulti-Ninurta I , who was the first to include this deity in his Assyrian royal name about three hundred years earlier, Ninurta has been considered a god who can choose or overthrow the king, right after Aššur and sometimes next to Nergal . In inscriptions of the name predecessor Tukulti-apil-Ešarra I. Aššur and Ninurta are mentioned as the king's patrons in war and hunting. Ninurta gives the king a combative character that makes him infallible in war and hunting.

Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II succeeded his father Aššur-reš-iši II on the throne. Despite his relatively long reign, very little is known about him. At that time Assyria, beset by its neighbors, the Aramaeans and the Babylonian Empire , was more of a local power; the rise to a regional great power only took place under his successors. Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II waged war against the kings of the Nairi . In his time the Temanites conquered the city of Gidara . After his death, Aššur-dan II became King of the Assyrians.

Ernst Michel brought a king statue in the Lebanon Mountains , Jutta Börker-Klähn one on the Subnat river in connection with Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II, which Shigeo Yamada considers unlikely.

literature

  • René Labat: Assyria and its neighboring countries (Babylonia, Elam, Iran) from 1000 to 617 BC BC / The New Babylonian Empire until 539 BC Chr . In: Elena Cassin , Jean Bottéro , Jean Vercoutter (eds.): Die Altorientalischen Reiche III. The first half of the 1st millennium (= Fischer Weltgeschichte . Volume 4). Fischer Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1967, p. 9 ff.
  • Klaas Veenhof : History of the ancient Orient up to the time of Alexander the Great (= floor plans for the Old Testament, vol. 11). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, p. 208.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dominik Bonatz: Assyrian war ideology and its pictures . In: War - Society - Institutions: Contributions to a comparative war history ed. by Burkhard Meißner, Oliver Schmitt, Michael Sommer, Walter de Gruyter 2005, p. 75 ( limited preview in the Google book search)
  2. ↑ Raymond E. Brown, Joseph A. Fitzmyer, Roland E. Murphy (Eds.): The Jerome Biblical Commentary. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs NJ 1968, p. 211.
  3. ↑ Ran Zadok: The Aramean infiltration and diffusion into the Upper Jazira, 1150-930 BCE. In: Gershon Galil et al. (Ed.): The Ancient Near East in the 12th – 10th Centuries BCE. Culture and History. Proceedings of the International Conference held at the University of Haifa, May 2-5, 2010 (= Old Orient and Old Testament, Vol. 392). Ugarit-Verlag, Münster 2012, p. 579.
  4. ^ Ernst Michel: The Assur texts Shalmaneser III. (858-824). In: Die Welt des Orients, Volume 2, Issue 1 (1954), p. 38.
  5. ↑ Jutta Börker-Klähn: Ancient Near Eastern picture steles and comparable rock reliefs (= Baghdad Research. Volume 4). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1982, p. 180.
  6. ↑ Shigeo Yamada: The Construction of the Assyrian Empire. A Historical Study of the Inscriptions of Shalmaneser III (859-824 BC) relating to his Campaigns to the West. Brill, Leiden / Boston 2000, pp. 195, 274.
predecessor Office successor
Aššur-reš-iši II. Assyrian king Aššur-dan II.
personal data
SURNAME Tukulti-apil-Ešarra II.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tiglat-Pileser II.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Assyrian king
DATE OF BIRTH before 981 BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 935 BC Chr.