Emergency case
An emergency case is a case that contains materials and medication for diagnosing and treating medical emergencies, such as acute illnesses , injuries or poisoning . An emergency case is carried on almost every rescue vehicle.
Content and standardization
Most of the time, the emergency cases are equipped according to the area of use and the qualifications and preferences of the user, but there are also standardized types with a specified minimum equipment.
Emergency case with emergency equipment
The most common emergency case includes emergency equipment according to DIN 13232 (formerly called emergency doctor's case ). According to the standard, it comprises three parts (modules): Part A comprises basic emergency medical equipment. This module is the only one to be loaded. Part B is used for the diagnosis and treatment of adults, while Part C is designed for emergencies involving infants or children and replaces DIN 13233 (see below). Permissible combinations are A + B (emergency equipment for adults), A + C (emergency equipment for children) or A + B + C (emergency equipment for children and adults). In addition to bandages, the emergency case also includes medical technology for invasive measures such as chest drains or central venous catheters , but also normal material such as resuscitators with multiple masks, intubation equipment , stethoscope and a pupil lamp. Furthermore, the responsible emergency doctor usually determines which drugs are carried for pre-clinical care.
A separate emergency doctor's case for infants and toddlers was standardized in DIN 13233 and differed in content mainly due to its focus on pediatric emergencies and thus contained material in smaller sizes, special medication and needles for intraosseous infusion therapy. It was replaced in 2011 by an amended version of DIN 13232 (see above).
Emergency cases in medical or dental practices are usually not as extensive as emergency cases in the rescue service. The trade, for example, offers special cases in which the intubation set is dispensed with and other things are already prepared (e.g. resuscitation bag already connected to the oxygen source).
There are already intelligent emergency cases (first aid systems / emergency systems) with an integrated defibrillator (AED) that automatically establish a voice connection to the medical emergency call center in order to support the first aider by a trained specialist, and can be monitored via the M2M module and IoT alert helpers in the area via SMS and provide the rescue services with precise data on the location (location storage, GPS coordinates). This helps to avoid errors in an emergency and saves considerable time in the rescue chain.
Content according to DIN 13232: 2011-05 (emergency equipment) Equipment Quantity
module AQuantity
module BNumber of pieces
module CExtraction device according to DIN ISO 10079-2 1 Disposable suction catheter with end opening, size. CH 18 1 Disposable suction catheter with end opening, size. CH 12 1 Disposable suction catheter with end opening, size. CH 14 1 Disposable suction catheter with end opening, size. CH 16 1 Baby mucus aspirator 1 Resuscitation bags for adults according to DIN EN ISO 10651-4 1 Resuscitation bags for infants and children according to DIN EN ISO 10651-4 1 Peep valve 1 Bacterial filter for resuscitators 1 Ventilation mask in different sizes 2 Ventilation mask for infants, toddlers and school children 3 Guedel tube in different sizes 2 Guedel tube for babies, toddlers and school children 3 Laryngeal mask / tube for adults 1 Laryngeal mask / tube for infants, toddlers and school children 2 Laryngoscope handle 1 spatula 2 2 Magill forceps for adults 1 Magill forceps for children 1 Tracheal tube without balloon according to DIN ISO 5361-2 with connector according to DIN ISO 7228 3 mm 1 4 mm 1 4.5 mm 1 5 mm 1 Tracheal tube with balloon according to DIN ISO 5361-2 with connector according to DIN ISO 7228 6 mm 1 7 mm 1 8 mm 1 Introductory stylet flexible for adults 1 Introductory stylet flexible for children 1 Sphygmomanometer with an elastic measuring element 1 Blood pressure cuff for adults 1 Blood pressure cuff for children 1 stethoscope 1 Diagnostic light 1 Reflex hammer 1 Blood sugar test strips, pack with at least 5 strips (can be replaced by an electrical blood sugar measuring device) 1 Clinical thermometer 1 Pack of disinfectant skin disinfectiona 1 IV cannula , various sizes 3 3 Fixing plaster 6th Intraosseous puncture device , suitable for children and adults 1 500 ml full electrolyte solution 1 Infusion device according to DIN 58362-1 1 Colloidal volume substitute, 500 ml 1 Elastic cord 1 Tweezers, at least 140 mm 1 Needle holder 1 Arterial clamp 1 Disposable scalpel 1 Scissors DIN 58279 - B 190 1 Compress - 100 mm × 100 mm 6th Fixing bandage DIN 61634 - FB 8 2 First aid kit DIN 13151 - M 2 Dressing sheet DIN 13152 - A 1 Dressing sheet DIN 13152 - BR 1 First aid bandage DIN 13019 - E 10 cm × 6 cm 8th Adhesive plaster DIN 13019 - A 5 m × 2.5 cm 1 Rescue blanket - 2.1 m × 1.6 m 1 Hand disinfectant at least 50 ml 1 Pair of surgical gloves DIN EN 455, sterile 2 Pair of single-use gloves according to DIN EN 455, large 4th Pair of disposable gloves according to DIN EN 455, medium 4th Face mask, protection class FFP3 2 Disposable syringe 2 ml according to DIN EN ISO 7886-1 5 Disposable syringe 10 ml according to DIN EN ISO 7886-1 5 Disposable syringe 20 ml according to DIN EN ISO 7886-1 2 Once cannula , sterile Size 1 10 Cannula collection box 1 Chest drain , sterile, size CH 28 1 A table of contents must be included with the emergency equipment. Additional equipment with oxygen devices and oxygen reservoir bags is permitted. Medicines are to be procured separately by the user.
Medical case
There is also the medical case, according to DIN 13155. This is not intended for use in the rescue service, but is intended to provide the paramedic (see DIN 13050 ) in daily duty, in disaster and civil protection and / or the company paramedic with basic equipment for extended first aid provide. The medical case must not be confused with the "medical box " in accordance with the withdrawn standard DIN 14143 or the "medical bag " in accordance with the withdrawn DIN 13160.
Contents according to DIN 13155: 2016-03 (medical case) Equipment Number of pieces according to DIN Suction device according to DIN EN ISO 10079-2 1 Disposable suction catheter with end opening, in three sizes 6th Resuscitation bags for adults according to DIN EN ISO 10651-4 1 Ventilation mask , in three sizes 3 Guedel tube , in three sizes 3 Laryngeal tube , in two sizes with blocker syringe 2 Blood pressure monitor for adults according to DIN EN ISO 81060-1 1 Strap stethoscope 1 Diagnostic light 1 Adhesive plaster DIN 13019 - A 5 m × 2.5 cm 2 First aid bandage DIN 13019 - E 10 cm × 6 cm 16 Fingertip bandage 8th Plaster strip - 19 mm × 72 mm 8th Plaster strip - 25 mm × 72 mm 16 First aid kit DIN 13151 - K 2 First aid kit DIN 13151 - M 4th First aid pack DIN 13151 - G 2 Dressing sheet DIN 13152 - A 1 Dressing sheet DIN 13152 - BR 1 Compress - 100 mm × 100 mm 6th Eye compress - individually sterile packed, minimum dimensions 50 mm × 70 mm 2 Fixation bandage DIN 61634 - FB 6 3 Fixing bandage DIN 61634 - FB 8 3 Mesh bandage for extremities - min. 4 m stretched 1 Triangular cloth DIN 13168 - D 2 Instant cold compress min. 200 cm² 2 Scissors DIN 58279 - B 190 1 Rescue blanket - 2.1 m × 1.6 m 1 Non-woven cloth - min. 200 mm × 300 mm 10 Foil bag - min. 300 mm × 400 mm 2 Pair of disposable gloves according to DIN EN 455 medium / large 8th hygienic hand cleaning agents or hand disinfectants at least 100 ml 1 Universally applicable rail material 2 Cervical splint 1 Injured person attachment card at least 1 Splinter forceps 1 Means for removing ticks at least 1 A table of contents is to be added to the medical kit. Additional equipment with an oxygen device, oxygen reservoir bag and inhalation mask is permitted.
One or two-case systems
Instead of one suitcase that contains all the material, two suitcases are used in parallel in some places. Here, the material is stored separately in an emergency breathing case with oxygen, ventilation, intubation, suction and an emergency circulatory case with infusions, medication, diagnostic and dressing material. As a result, the cases are significantly lighter, more back-friendly and can be positioned on the patient according to their contents (breathing case at the head end, circulation case next to the patient).
The disadvantage of this system is that two cases have to be carried instead of one case, material may have to be kept in duplicate and, under certain circumstances, one case may not be taken along for reasons of convenience.
container
The material is a sturdy case made of aluminum or plastic . As an alternative to the suitcase as such, there are emergency bags and emergency backpacks, which are mostly made of Cordura or Complan material. Bags and rucksacks have a lower weight and are more comfortable to carry and are easy on the back. This makes them more suitable for use in situations with longer journeys to the patient, such as rescue services in rural areas or mountain rescue . This also applies to narrow apartments and stairwells, as backpacks usually do not have to be opened completely for use. In contrast to suitcases, you only open the compartment that you currently need. This means that the materials do not get dirty as quickly. Cordura fabrics can also be washed in household washing machines. The tissue suffers only minimally.
The disadvantage of backpacks and bags is that if the packing is poor, the very sensitive outer packaging of z. B. Syringes and needles kink more easily and are ultimately defective and therefore have to be replaced. Also, depending on the way of packing, the clarity suffers, as materials can slip more easily than in rigid suitcases. In the case of newer models, however, attempts are made to counteract this disadvantage with fixing loops, transparent inner pockets that can be attached and dividers.
- Emergency backpacks
An alternative to emergency cases: An emergency backpack from a RTW
A complete, opened emergency backpack
Opened emergency backpack of the French army
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.helmut-bender.de/helmut/KatS/DIN13232.html extract from DIN 13232
- ↑ a b DIN 13232
- ↑ http://www.stiftung-paula-wittenberg.de/pdf/kinderotfallausruestung.pdf Original article from Der Notarzt 2007.
- ↑ DIN 13155
- ↑ Entry on the emergency case in Flexikon , a wiki of the DocCheck company , accessed on November 25, 2015. (One and two case systems)
- ↑ Emergency backpacks
- ↑ Emergency backpack and trolley ( memento of the original from March 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
