Nuur ud-Din

This article describes a Khalifat ul-Massih of the Ahmadiyya, for the member of the Zengid see Nur ad-din Abu al-Qasim Mahmud Ibn 'Imad ad-Din Zangi .

Khalifat ul-Massih I.

Signature of Nuur ud-Din

Al-Hajj Hafiz Hakim Mawlawi Nuur ud-Din ( Urdu نورالدین DMG Nūr ad-Dīn , German 'light of religion' , * 1841 in the village of Bhera, Punjab ; † March 13, 1914 in Qadian , India ) was known as the personal physician of a Maharajas . After joining the Ahmadiyya movement , he worked as an author and theologian. On May 27, 1908, he was elected Caliphate ul-Masih I.

family

Nuur ud-Din derived its origin from Umar ibn al-Khattab . His ancestors settled in Balkh after migrating from Medina . During Genghis Khan's campaigns , his ancestors immigrated from Kabul, first to Multan and later to Behra. His father, Hafiz Ghulam Rasul, was a Sunni . He learned the Koran from his mother Nuur Bakht . Nuur ud-Din was the youngest child of a total of nine siblings, six brothers and two sisters.

Nuur ud-Din's first marriage was in 1871 to Fatima Bibi, who died in 1905. His second marriage was in 1889 at the suggestion of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Ludhiāna with the daughter of Sufi Ahmad Jan Sahib (where the first baiat was held), Sughra Begum. She died in Rabwah in 1955 . On August 1, 1901, his daughter Amtul Hai was born, who married Mirza Bashir ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad , who later became the second caliphate ul-Massih. He had four sons who lived longer, plus some who died early. The four sons are: Abdul Hayy, Abdul Salam Umar, Abdul Wahab Umar and Abdul Manan Umar.

Life

Nuur ud-Din with his son Abdul Hayy

General knowledge

Nuur ud-Din traveled to Lahore for two years in his youth to learn the Persian language . Subsequently, his older brother Sultan Ahmad made him familiar with the Arabic language in his native Behra . After studying this, he went to Lahore one more time, where he began studying medicine in 1858. He broke off his studies after a short time because he was accepted at a school in Rawalpindi . At 17 he began his studies in education and completed the diploma within four years. Shortly afterwards, at the age of 21, he got a job as principal at a school in Pind Dadan Khan (near Behra). He held this office for four years.

Theology and healing arts training

He studied Arabic for another year and then went to Rampur, which was then considered the center of religious knowledge. The scholar and grammarian “Mawlawi Ghulam Nabi” awarded Nuur ud-Din the “ Mawlawi title” during his studies . Next he traveled to Lucknow to do an apprenticeship with the medic "Hakim Ali Hussain". In the meantime he got a job as a medical assistant in Rampur. He went to Rampur with his teacher and within about two years he finished his studies and became Hakim.

Pilgrimage

Nuur ud-Din first traveled to Medina and Mecca in 1865 and also took part in the pilgrimage. He stayed there until 1866 and acquired religious knowledge.

Bhera

When he traveled back, he taught Hadith and the Koran to his comrade in Bhera, his hometown, and also opened a practice. From 1877 he worked for many years as the Maharaja's personal physician in Jammu and Kashmir .

Ahmadiyya

In 1885 he first read about Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and this prompted Nuur ud-Din to travel to Qadian. When he then met with Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, he was convinced of his truthfulness.

On March 23, 1889, he was the first to take the oath of loyalty ( Baiat ) from Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. He was considered the most devoted and devoted follower of whom Mirza Ghulam Ahmad said:

“How nice it would be if all of my followers were Nuur ud-Din. This is only possible when someone's heart is enlightened by the light of truth and enduring faith. "

- Mirza Ghulam Ahmad : Nishān-i Asmani p. 47

Election as caliph

After the death of the founder of the Ahmadiyya, the whole community chose Nuur ud-Din as the first caliphate ul-Massih . All Ahmadi Muslims held the vow of allegiance on his hand, but before the Baiat he said in a speech:

“I have never been able to reconcile it with my heart to become a (spiritual) leader, [...] but if you want to keep the vow of loyalty on my hand, then hear: Baiat means to sell yourself. You will have to follow my instructions. If you agree with this, I will accept this responsibility. "

- Al-Badr, June 2, 1908, page 6

opposition

During his tenure, an opposition spread within the community, which criticized the caliphate system. Khwaja Kamal ud-Din believed that all community affairs should be decided by Sadr Anjuman. After the death of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, this body was to serve as the highest decision-making body until the appointment of the Musleh Maud and thus replace the caliph.

Services

Under his leadership, the Ahmadiyya movement's first overseas gathering place was opened in London, the Koran was translated into English and a number of publications and magazines were brought out. Among them, the “ Al-Fazl ” and “Nuur” from Qadian, “Al-Haque” from Delhi and “Paigham-e-Shulha” from Lahore. Many new buildings were also built in Qadian during his tenure, such as the Nuur Mosque (1910), Talim ul-Islam High School (secondary school, 1912) and Nuur Hospital.

Other Projects:

• Establishment of Dar ul-Zoafa (home for poor people)
• Appointment of missionaries
• Establishment of Bait ul-Maal (Community Financial System)
• Establishment of the Langar Khana (food)
• Establishment of the Madrasa Ahmadiyya (School of Ahmadiyya)
• Establishment of a public library

Nuur ud-Din made a request to King George V that Muslims in India should be released from their work for two hours so that they can perform Friday prayers. This request was finally granted and the Indian Muslims were able to attend the Friday service without any worries.

Works

• Fasl ul-Khataab
• Tasdeeq-e-Baraheen-e-Ahmadiyya (confirmation from the Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya)
• Abbot Valley Uluhiyyat-e-Massih
• Khatoot Jawab Shi'aa Wa Radd-e-Naskh-e-Quran
• Diniat ka pehla Risala (Basic Textbook of Religion)
• Mabad us-sarf-o-nehew
• Bajaz-e-Nuur-ud-Din (medical prescriptions)

literature

• Muhammad Zafrullah Khan : Hazrat Maulvi Noor-ud-din , Islam International Publications Ltd. (English)
• Sheikh Abdul Qadir: Hayat-e-Nuur (Urdu)

Web links

Commons : Nuur ud-Din  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Hakim Maulvi Nur-ud-Din on the Ahmadiyya website
• Story about Hakim Maulvi Nur-ud-Din by Maulvi Munir Ahmad Khadim
• A Brief History of Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam , 37

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Al-Hakam, December 14, 1912
2. ^ Al-Badr, March 28, 1912
3. ^ Yohanan Friedmann: Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press, India 2003, p. 14.
4. ^ Yohanan Friedmann: Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background , Oxford University Press India 2003 (2nd edition), page 18