Ochagavia

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Ochagavia
Inflorescence of Ochagavia carnea

Inflorescence of Ochagavia carnea

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Bromeliads (Bromeliaceae)
Subfamily : Bromelioideae
Genre : Ochagavia
Scientific name
Ochagavia
Phil.

The Ochagavia form a genus of plants from the subfamily Bromelioideae in the bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae). The only five species occur only in central Chile and on Robinson Crusoe Island .

description

Habit of Ochagavia carnea
Inflorescence (from above) of Ochagavia carnea
Detail of an inflorescence with pink, reinforced bracts and flowers of Ochagavia carnea ; The rose-colored, scaled sepals and shiny petals, the yellow anthers protruding from the crown and the style towering over them are clearly visible
Flower of Ochagavia carnea in detail; The rose-colored, scaled sepals and shiny petals, the yellow anthers protruding from the crown and the style towering over them are clearly visible

Ochagavia species are stemless or short-stemmed, perennial, herbaceous plants . These xerophytes grow terrestrially. With their underground foothills, they form almost impenetrable stands. The numerous leaves , which vary in length depending on the species, are thin, elongated, coarse and strongly reinforced at the edge (prickly sawn).

At the terminal, simple, ährigen , head- or roller-shaped inflorescences with short inflorescence stem, sit sometimes marked colored bracts (bracts). An inflorescence rarely contains only seven, usually ten to fifty flowers. The three-fold, radially symmetrical flowers are hermaphroditic with double perianth . The three free, white to pink sepals only overlap at their base. The three free petals are pink. There are two circles with three stamens each. The stamens are mostly free; only in Ochagavia elegans are they briefly fused with the base of the sepals. The anthers have a size of 0.3 to 0.6 centimeters × 0.1 to 0.2 centimeters. The monocolat pollen have a size of 46 to 59.1 μm × 27 to 31.4 μm. Three carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. The stylus ends in a three-lobed scar. Style and stamens tower above the petals.

The flower formula is:

The sepals can be seen on the (rarely 1.5 to) 2 to 4.5 × 0.4 to 1.7 cm large berries and they contain many seeds. The dark brown to black seeds are 0.12 to 0.35 × 0.1 to 0.13 centimeters in size.

Systematics and distribution

Habit of Ochagavia litoralis

The genus Ochagavia was established by Federico Philippi in 1856, as a monotype with the only species Ochagavia elegans Phil. A little later Philippi (1858) established the genus Rhodostachys , with the two species Rhodostachys andina Phil. And Rhodostachys litoralis Phil. In 1896 Mez united the two Genera under the younger name Rhodostachys . Today Rhodostachys is a synonym of Ochagavia . Another synonym is Ruckia Rule. In 1998 Zizka, Trumpler & Zoellner presented two species that previously belonged to the genus Fascicularia (again) to the genus Ochagavia . The generic name Ochagavia honors the Chilean Minister of Justice and Education Silvestre Ochagavía Errázuriz (1820-1883).

There is often confusion with the species of the closely related genera Greigia and Fascicularia ( the petals of today's monotypical genus Fascicularia are blue to purple; the style and stamens do not protrude above the petals).

The areas are in Chile . They are endemic to central Chile between latitudes 31 ° 33 'and 38 ° 14' S. Ochagavia elegans is endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernández Islands . The climate in this area is more or less Mediterranean . Depending on the species, they thrive at altitudes between 0 and 2500 meters. It is known that two species cannot tolerate snow, but frosts down to −5 ° C.

There are only five (or, according to some authors, four) species of Ochagavia :

  • Ochagavia andina (Phil.) Zizka, Trumpler & Zoellner: She was placed in this genus in 2002. It thrives at altitudes between 700 and 2500 meters in the Chilean regions of O'Higgins , Maule and Bío-Bío .
  • Ochagavia carnea (Beer) LBSmith & Looser: It thrives at altitudes between (rarely 60 to) 200 and 1080 meters in the Chilean regions of Valparaiso , Maule, Bío-Bío and Araucania .
  • Ochagavia chamissonis (Mez) LBSm. & Looser: It only occurs in the Chilean region of Concepcion.
  • Ochagavia elegans Phil .: It thrives on rocks at altitudes between 20 and 600 meters in the Chilean region of Valparaiso, an endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernández Islands .
  • Ochagavia litoralis (Phil.) Zizka, Trumpler & Zoellner: It was placed in this genus in 2002. As the specific epithet indicates, this species thrives mainly in the Chilean coastal areas at altitudes between 10 and 250 meters from Illapel, Coquimbo to Colchagua.

use

Due to their size, Ochagavia species are rarely found in private collections in areas where they cannot be cared for outdoors due to excessive frosts. But in some tropical to subtropical parks, gardens and botanical gardens you can find these relatively undemanding plants.

swell

  • Georg Zizka, Katja Trumpler, Otto Zöllner: Revision of the genus Ochagavia (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae). In: Willdenowia , Volume 32: 331-350, 2002, ISSN  0511-9618 . On-line. (PDF; 726 kB)
  • Werner Rauh : Bromeliads - Tillandsias and other bromeliads worthy of culture. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-6371-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jason R. Grant An Annotated Catalog of the Generic Names of the Bromeliaceae , In: The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 1998. (Origin of the generic names in the family of the Bromeliaceae in English)
  2. ^ Harry E. Luther: An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials , 2008 in The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens , Sarasota, Florida, USA. Published by The Bromeliad Society International .
  3. ↑ In “Species Index” click on Ochagavia in Eric J. Gouda, Derek Butcher, Kees Gouda: Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads , Version 3.1 (2012). last accessed on December 12, 2014

Web links

Commons : Ochagavia  - collection of images, videos and audio files