Oleh Tjahnybok

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Cyrillic ( Ukrainian )
Олег Ярославович Тягнибок
Transl. : Oleh Jaroslavovyč Tjahnybok
Transcr. : Oleh Jaroslawowytsch Tjahnybok
Cyrillic ( Russian )
Олег Ярославович Тягнибок
Transl .: Oleg Jaroslavovič Tjagnibok
Transcr .: Oleg Yaroslavovich Tyagnibok
Oleh Tjahnybok (2012)

Oleh Jaroslawowytsch Tjahnybok (born November 7, 1968 in Lviv , Ukrainian SSR ) is a nationalist Ukrainian politician . Since 2004 he has been chairman of the right-wing populist and radical nationalist party All-Ukrainian association “Svoboda” .

Life

Oleh Tjahnybok during a military event of the "Sitsch" battalion, which was founded by the Swoboda. (September 30, 2014)

Oleh Tjahnybok was born into a family of doctors in Lviv. After finishing school he did his military service in the Soviet Army from 1987 to 1989 , then studied at the Danylo Halyzkyj State Medical University in Lviv and graduated in 1993. He then began studying law at the Iwan Franko National University of Lviv , which he graduated in 1999. From 1991 to 1994 Oleh Tjahnybok was also chairman of the Lviv student brotherhood .

As early as 1991 he joined the newly founded Social-National Party of Ukraine (SNPU), from which the All-Ukrainian Association "Swoboda" later developed. From 1995 to 1998 he was chairman of the Lviv Oblast SPNU Association . From 1998 to 2003 he was chairman of the Kiev SPNU Association. In 2004, the SPNU was renamed the All-Ukrainian Association "Svoboda" , of which he became chairman.

According to the Russian authorities, Tjahnybok fought alongside Chechen rioters in the First Chechen War in 1994 and 1995 .

From 1994 to 1998 Tjahnybok was a member of the regional parliament of Lviv Oblast. From 1998 to 2006 he was a member of the Verkhovna Rada for the first time .

In 2006 he returned to the Lviv Oblast regional parliament, where he belongs to the Svoboda faction. In 2008, Oleh Tjahnybok ran for the new mayor election in Kiev, but was clearly defeated by the incumbent Leonid Chernovetsky . In January 2010, Tjahnybok ran for the presidential election in Ukraine . Here, however, he only got 352,282 votes, which corresponds to a share of 1.43% of the votes. He achieved his best result with 5.35% in Lviv Oblast.

In the parliamentary elections in 2012 , Tjahnybok was able to move back into the Verkhovna Rada and was elected group leader.

The German ambassador to Ukraine Christof Weil met Tjahnybok, in his capacity as Svoboda's parliamentary group leader, in the Verkhovna Rada on April 29, 2013 for an interview. Among other things, it was stated that "anti-Semitic statements are unacceptable from a German perspective".

Since the beginning of the protests in Ukraine in 2013 , Tjahnybok has formed an oppositional three-party alliance with Vitali Klitschko ( UDAR ) and the All-Ukrainian Association “Fatherland” of former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko , the aim of which was to remove the Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych . Tjahnybok said that the opposition would build a tent city on the Majdan (Independence Square) and launch a nationwide strike with which the alliance would like to force new elections. On December 15, 2013, Tjahnybok met with US politician John McCain , who supports the protesters' demands.

After Yanukovych was overthrown, the Ukrainian parliament followed the Svoboda proposal on February 23, 2014 to abolish a law from 2012 that allowed official multilingualism for regions in which linguistic minorities account for more than ten percent.

Political positions

In his party program for the presidential elections in Ukraine in 2010, Tjahnybok called for the following:

  • The prohibition of communist ideology, as it is inhuman and has caused “irreparable” damage to the Ukrainian people.
  • The passing of a new Citizenship Law, according to which Ukrainian citizenship should only be granted to those who were born in Ukraine or who are ethnic Ukrainians . In exceptional cases, citizenship should be granted if the person has lived in Ukraine for at least ten years, speaks the Ukrainian language and knows the history of Ukraine .
  • Reintroduction of the indication of "nationality" in Ukrainian passports as well as a legal regulation of "titular nation", which regulates the relationship between the Ukrainian "majority population" and the "national minorities".
  • Introduction of a legal quota for ethnic Ukrainians and non-Ukrainians in all levels of state and economic life (government, business, education, etc.)
  • Establishing strict immigration laws.
  • Adoption of a law “to protect the Ukrainian language”.
  • Introduction of a mandatory Ukrainian language test for all civil servants.
  • Return assistance for ethnic Ukrainians from abroad.
  • Protection of the "national information sphere of Ukraine" (tightened state control of radio and television)
  • Official recognition of the "Occupation of Ukraine by Bolshevik Russia from 1918 to 1991".
  • "Public Trial Against Communism".
  • "Liquidation" of the "imperialist-Bolshevik" symbolism.
  • Recognition of the Holodomor as a Russian genocide against the Ukrainian people.
  • Establishment of Ukraine as a nuclear power .
  • Abolition of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and incorporation of Crimea into the series of Ukrainian oblasts. At the same time a state program "for the integration of Crimea into Ukrainian society".
  • Conclusion of a treaty with Great Britain and the USA to provide military aid in the event that Ukraine “falls victim to armed aggression”.

According to a strategy paper by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation , Tjahnybok represents ethno-nationalism ( "nation is a union of blood and spirit" ) and sees himself as a pioneer of a third national revolution .

Controversy

In 2004 Tjahnybok attracted attention through inciting, anti-Semitic statements; In a speech he claimed that the Ukraine was ruled by a "Jewish-Russian mafia" and called for a freedom struggle based on the model of the OUN fighters around Stepan Bandera with the following words :

“You are Ukrainian nationalists, Ukrainian patriots! You must become the heroes who defend the earth beneath our feet today! They hung rifles around their necks and went into the woods. They fought against Russians, against the Germans, against Jewish pigs and other rabble, which wanted to take the Ukrainian state away from us! Ukraine must finally be given to the Ukrainians! "

- Tjahnybok, 2004

As a result, a criminal case against him for sedition was dismissed, but he was expelled from the parliamentary group of the Blok Nascha Ukrajina in 2004 because of his statements . In 2012, the Simon Wiesenthal Center put Tjahnybok's statements at number 5 in its " List of anti-Semitic slurs ".

However, Tjahnybok denies that there is anti-Semitism within his party. He also declared in 2012 that he had nothing against Jews and that he had Jewish friends himself. Instead he was referring to a "group of Jewish oligarchs who control Ukraine".

Private

Oleh Tjahnybok is married and has three children. He is a member of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church .

Web links

Commons : Oleh Tjahnybok  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Олега Тягнибока в армии вербовали в КГБ. In: gazeta.ua. September 5, 2011, accessed August 25, 2020 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Тягнибок в 90-е годы воевал на стороне чеченских боевиков. In: Komsomolskaya Pravda . March 14, 2014, accessed March 14, 2013 (Russian).
  3. ↑ Answer of the Federal Government to the minor question from the DIE LINKE parliamentary group of August 22, 2013
  4. ^ A b First success for the opposition in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , December 2, 2013.
  5. ↑ a b Protests against the government in Ukraine. Vitali Klitschko calls on protesters to hold out in: RP Online , December 2, 2013.
  6. ↑ Far-right group at heart of Ukraine protests meet US senator , Channel 4, December 16, 2013
  7. ^ A b Johannes Edelhoff, Johannes Jolmes & Nils Casjens: Putsch in Kiev: what role do the fascists play? In: Panorama . March 6, 2014
  8. ↑ Ukraine: New power structures are emerging , Heise online on February 24, 2014
  9. ↑ see Tjahnyboks party program for the presidential election in Ukraine 2010, party newspaper of the All-Ukrainian Association "Swoboda", issue no. 52, December 2009, page 3
  10. ↑ The Extreme Right in Ukraine - Mridula Ghosh, Friedrich Ebert Foundation
  11. ↑ Taras Kuzio : Yushchenko Finally Gets Tough On Nationalists . In: Eurasia Daily Monitor. Vol. 1, Issue 66, August 3, 2004.
  12. ^ André Eichhofer: Hatred and Homeland - The right-wing extremist Swoboda party moves into the Kiev parliament . In: Jüdische Allgemeine . November 1, 2012.
  13. ^ "Fighting Jewish pigs": appeal or retelling? . In: Panorama . 17th March 2014
  14. ^ " International Religious Freedom Report 2005 , Ukraine", Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, United States Department of State
  15. ↑ Biography Tjahnyboks at Ukrinform
  16. ↑ Simon Wiesenthal Center: 2012 Top Ten Anti-Semitic / Anti-Israel Slurs ( Memento of the original from January 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wiesenthal.com archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 904 kB) . Without a date. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  17. ↑ http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/tiahnybok-denies-anti-semitism-in-svoboda-318205.html
  18. ↑ http://www.slate.fr/story/83791/ukraine-fascistes-nazis
  19. ↑ http://www.lenta.ru/lib/14195787/
personal data
SURNAME Tjahnybok, Oleh
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tjahnybok, Oleh Jaroslawowytsch (full name); Тягнибок, Олег Ярославовович (Ukrainian); Tjagnibok, Oleg (transcription from Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION nationalist Ukrainian politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1968
PLACE OF BIRTH Lviv , Ukrainian SSR