Omsk fever
The Omsk hemorrhagic fever (also Omsk hemorrhagic fever ) is a usually benign running acute viral disease in the northern districts of the Soviet first time in 1944 Omsk Oblast occurred. This viral infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites and through contact with some muskrat body fluids .
Pathogen
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The causative agent of Omsk hemorrhagic fever are viruses of the species Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus ( scientifically Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus , OHFV). The species belongs within the genus Flavivirus to the so-called Tick-Borne-Encephalitis-Complex (TBE), to which besides these pathogens also the TBE virus (causative agent of the early summer meningoencephalitis, TBE alias TBE), the Louping-Ill virus (Pathogen of Looping III, LI), the Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus (pathogen of Kyasanur Forest Fever, KFD) with the subtype Al-Khurma virus , Powassan virus (pathogen of Powassan virus encephalitis, PE), the Langat virus and the pathogens of Negeshivirus encephalitis and Modoc encephalitis. The individual species are each limited to certain regions. The arboviruses are human pathogens .
Occurrence and distribution
The distribution area is limited to parts of Siberia . Human infections mainly occur in spring and summer. 1945 u. In 1948 two epidemics with 200 and 600 cases respectively were described.
transmission
Transmission to humans occurs less often by ticks (genus Dermacentor) or mosquitoes , with transmission occurring vertically, ie transovarially and transstadially. The infection usually occurs through contact with body fluids such as blood, urine or faeces of muskrats.
Clinical picture
There are different statements about the incubation period. The information varies from 3–7 to 3–12 days. At the beginning, there are suddenly severe headache and body aches, severe illness, vomiting and fever that lasts for 2–15 days. Biphasic courses are possible, but are the exception compared to other diseases of the TBE complex. The patient's face is flushed, there are a conjunctivitis , a gingivitis , a pharyngitis and a Enanthem with striking reddish discoloration of the mucous membranes . The hemorrhagic diathesis manifested by nosebleeds , vomiting of blood and bleeding in the genital and bladder area . Myalgia and lymphadenitis can occur.
diagnosis
Mild forms are often not diagnosed at all. In addition, a serology with virus isolation is carried out in the fever phase from the blood .
therapy
The therapy is symptomatic, while maintaining vital functions.
forecast
When transmitted by muskrats , the disease is more lethal . The mortality is 0.5–3%. However, mortality rates of 1–20% have also been reported.
Individual evidence
- ^ H. Krauss, A. Weber: Zoonoses: infectious diseases that can be transmitted from animal to human. 3. Edition. Deutscher Ärzteverlag, 2004, ISBN 3-7691-0406-4 .
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . MSL # 34, March 2019
- ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Yellow fever virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ^ NCBI: tick-borne encephalitis virus group
- ↑ a b c Omsk fever, hemorrhagic. In: Altmeyer's Encyclopedia. Peter Altmeyer , May 15, 2014, accessed November 27, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 15, 2015 ; Retrieved November 16, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
