Osborne Reynolds

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Osborne Reynolds

Osborne Reynolds (born August 23, 1842 in Belfast , Northern Ireland , † February 21, 1912 in Watchet in Somerset , England) was a British physicist . According to him, the Reynolds number , a measure for assessing friction-prone flow processes named.

Life

Reynolds was the son of a teacher who was headmaster in Belfast (Collegiate School) and Dedham (Essex) . After school he went to the Edward Hayes engineering office as an apprentice in 1861. He studied mathematics at Queens' College, Cambridge University , finished seventh in the Tripos exams and graduated there with an MA in 1867. He then went to the civil engineering firm John Lawson in London and worked there for a year as an engineer. In 1868 he became Professor of Civil and Mechanical Engineering at Owens College , Manchester, the later University of Manchester (the first professorship in engineering in Manchester and the second in England). There he built the Whitworth Laboratories. He retired in 1905 after suffering from health problems from around 1900.

In addition to his work on fluid mechanics and turbulence , he is also known in soil mechanics because of some essays on the dilatance of sand. His work on heat transfer and condensation as well as on turbines found important practical application and he dealt with lubricant friction. At first he also dealt with electricity and magnetism.

In 1877 he was accepted as a member (" Fellow ") in the Royal Society , which in 1888 awarded him the Royal Medal . He was an honorary doctor of the University of Glasgow. A crater on Mars is named after him, as is the outdated Reyn .

See also: Reynolds equations , Reynolds transport theorem

Fonts

  • An experimental investigation of the circumstances which determine whether the motion of water shall be direct or sinuous, and of the law of resistance in parallel channels, Proc. Roy. Soc., Volume 35, 1883, pp. 84-99 (turbulence, Reynolds number)
  • An experimental investigation of the circumstances which determine whether the motion of water shall be direct or sinuous and the law of resistance in parallel channels, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., Volume 174, 1883, pp. 935-982 (Turbulenz, Reynolds number ).
  • On the dynamical theory of incompressible viscous fluids and the determination of the criterion, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, Volume 186, 1895, pp. 123-164
  • Sewer gas, and how to keep it out of houses, a handbook on house drainage. MacMillan & Co., London 1872.
  • Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects. Vol. 1: 1869-1882. University Press, Cambridge 1900.
  • Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects. Vol. 2: 1881-1900. University Press, Cambridge 1901.
  • Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects. Vol. 3: The submechanis of The Universe. University Press, Cambridge 1903.
  • with Nicolaus Petrow, Arnold Sommerfeld , Ludwig Hopf : Treatises on the hydrodynamic theory of lubricant friction. Academic Publishing Company, Leipzig 1927.

Web links

Commons : Osborne Reynolds  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reynolds: On the dilatancy of media composed of rigid particles in contact, with experimental illustrations ., Phil Magazine, December 1885
  2. ↑ Reynolds: Experiments showing dilatancy, a property of granular material, possibly connected with gravitation , Proc. Roy. Inst. 1886, also in the Collected Works, Volume 2
  3. ↑ This Ulrich Smoltczyk : years- Reynolds ago 100 shows the dilatancy , geotechnical 1983, p 208, Peter Rowe Reynolds and Dilatancy , Geotechnique, Volume 19, 1969, p 1

See also

personal data
SURNAME Reynolds, Osborne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British physicist
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH Belfast , Northern Ireland
DATE OF DEATH February 21, 1912
Place of death Watchet , Somerset , England