Osnabrück (ship, 1935)
 The Osnabrück
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
The Osnabrück of Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) was a combined ship for the service to the South American west coast of the shipping company . It differed from its sister ships in that the Maier shape was applied to the hull.
When the Second World War broke out , the ship was at home. It was used by the Navy as a mine clearance ship MRS 1 , then MRS 11 . As a mine clearance ship, the Osnabrück was the mother ship for small motorized pinasses for mine clearance in coastal areas. On June 11, 1942, the ship ran into a mine near Tallinn and was badly damaged. 84 people died. Osnabrück , which was repaired in Denmark , sank on February 12, 1945 after a mine hit off Swinoujscie .
History of the ship
The Osnabrück was the first new combined ship that the Bremen shipping company Norddeutscher Lloyd put into service for its service to the West coast of South America. It was followed by six other similar ships by 1939 ( see Dresden ). Two more went to Hapag , with which this service was operated jointly, including the type ship Hermonthis from Bremer Vulkan , which was launched as Hanover for the NDL on March 7, 1935, but was renamed for Hapag on May 14, 1935 came into service. Almost simultaneously with the Düsseldorf a third motor ship was built on the Bremer Vulkan, which was delivered to the NDL on June 24, 1935. The following six ships for the two shipping companies were all slightly larger. Hapag supplemented its contribution to the joint service with the two renamed combination ships Rhakotis and Roda originally deployed to the US west coast and the two newbuildings Huascaran and Osorno with diesel-electric propulsion. In addition, the Hamburg shipping company had the largest German ship built for this service, the Patria (16,595 GRT). In addition to the ships with passenger facilities, the two German shipping companies also used cargo ships on the route to Chile .
Under the hull number 892 at AG Weser resulting Osnabrück expired on 16 March 1935 from the pile and was delivered on 31 May 1935 the NDL. She had a length of 133.31 m over all and was 16.64 m wide and, in contrast to the sister ships, was built according to the rules of the Maier form . It was driven by a formed in the Shipyard sechszylindrigen- diesel engine of MAN 4400 PSe, a speed of 14 knots (kts) enabled. The motor ship was measured with 5,095 GRT and had a carrying capacity of 6800 tdw. It had a crew of 46 men and cabin seats for 20 passengers.
The Hermonthis and Düsseldorf , built at the same time at Bremer Vulkan , were powered by a MAN Vulkan diesel and were 131.4 m long. They too began their service in May / June 1935 through the Panama Canal and along the South American west coast to Chile.
Mission history
The Osnabrück began on June 6, 1935 its maiden voyage on the German West Coast line and passed 24-25. June for the first time the Panama Canal towards Chile. She had to go to the Hapag half-sister Hermonthis , who ran the canal on 15./16. had happened three days. On September 16, 1935, Osnabrück began its second round trip to Chile. The ship remained on this line; his last five trips to Chile began on June 18, September 17 and December 17, 1938 and on March 11 and June 10, 1939 in Bremen. On its last voyage, the Osnabrück left Bremen with 21 passengers; of the 16 German citizens, seven were recorded as emigrating Jews. She was able to complete her last round trip on this line before the outbreak of war. She and the Nuremberg , which was completed in 1936, were the only combination ships of this service that were in their home country at the beginning of September 1939.
War effort
After the war began, the Navy took over the ship and, like its sister ship Nuremberg , had it converted to mine clearance ship 1 , later mine clearance ship 11 . From October 14, 1939, it served as a mother ship for small motorized pinnaces that were used to clear mines in coastal areas. The first in command was Rudolf Lell until October 1940.
The first missions took place on the coasts of the states occupied by the Wehrmacht (Netherlands, Denmark, Norway). In 1941 the mine clearance ship 11 accompanied the German advance in the Baltic States . On July 6, 1941, there was a battle with two Soviet destroyers who laid mines in Irbenstrasse . The MRS 11 and the minesweeper M 31 succeeded in driving away the Soviet destroyers and damaging the destroyer Silny . Soviet air strikes on the German ships were unsuccessful.
On June 11, 1942, the mine clearance ship 11 ran into a mine off the coast of Estonia . The sinking ship could only be put on the beach with great difficulty. The two forward holds had suffered major leaks. 84 men of the crew died and another 40 were injured, some seriously. It was possible to partially seal the ship and pump it empty so that it floated up again and could be towed to Reval on June 16 . Five pinasses could no longer be used. After an emergency repair in Tallinn, the ship moved to Elsinore , where the final repair took place. In 1944, the mine clearance ship 11 was operational again and was used again in the Baltic Sea.
At the beginning of 1945 the Osnabrück had given their boats for other tasks and was used as a transporter. On February 12, 1945 she sank near Swinoujscie after two mines hit.
The buildings of the Bremer Vulkan from 1935 and the second new building of the AG Weser
| Surname | Launch | in service | GRT | tdw | Lg.ü.A. | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Hermonthis v. St. as Hanover |
March 7, 1935 | 05/14/1935 | 4,833 | 6,810 | 131.4 | May 23, 1935 Maiden voyage for Hapag to Valparaíso, September 5, 1939 in Callao , which was viewed by the German Reich as a suitable supply point, which turned out to be wrong, since President Prado , newly elected in 1939 , increasingly turned to the Western Allies, only the Rhakotis was able to escape from there in 1940 via Chile to Japan, the Hermonthis was sunk on April 1, 1941 northwest of Callao by the Canadian auxiliary cruiser Prince Henry , and the combined ships Leipzig, Munich and Monserrate sank on the same day. [11] |
| Dusseldorf | 4.05.1935 | 06/24/1935 | 4,930 | 6,810 | 131.4 | June 29, 1935 Maiden voyage with NDL to Valparaíso, December 15, 1939 in front of Antofagasta applied by Despatch , renamed Poland in 1940 , then Empire Confidence , 1946 Egyptian Star of el Nil , 1950 British Spenser , 1955 Roscoe , 1962 demolition in Spain |
| Leipzig (2) | 02/15/1938 | April 6, 1938 | 5,898 | 7,530 | 139.8 | 2. AG Weser-Bau of the series, at NDL in April 1938 maiden voyage to Valparaíso, September 21, 1939 in Callao, self-sunk in Callao roadstead April 1, 1941 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kludas: Passenger Shipping, Vol. V, p. 70
- ↑ Kludas, Passenger Shipping, Vol. V, pp. 69f.
- ↑ Kludas: Vol. V, p. 73.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Kludas: Die Seeschiffe des Norddeutscher Lloyd 1920-1970 , p. 100
- ↑ Kludas: Seeschiffe NDL , p. 100
- ^ Panama Canal record - Internet Archive
- ↑ Passenger lists on the Osnabrück June 10, 1939
Web links
literature
- Arnold Kludas : The ships of the North German Lloyd 1920 to 1970 . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, 1992, ISBN 3-7822-0534-0 .
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping Volume 5: An Era Goes To The End Of 1930 To 1990 , Writings Of The German Shipping Museum, Volume 22.
- Reinhardt Schmelzkopf: German merchant shipping 1919–1939. Volume 1: Chronicle and evaluation of the events in shipping and shipbuilding. Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1974, ISBN 3-7979-1847-X .