Pollat

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pollat
The Pöllat above the Bleckenau.

The Pöllat above the Bleckenau.

Data
Water code DE : 125142
location Ammergau Alps , Ostallgäu district , Schwangau
River system Danube
Drain over Mühlberger Ach  → Forggensee  → Lech  → Danube  → Black Sea
origin due to the confluence of several source streams near the Jägeralpe ( 1430  m )
47 ° 32 ′ 14 ″  N , 10 ° 49 ′ 15 ″  E
Source height 1430  m above sea level NN
muzzle near Mühlberg in the Mühlberger Ach Coordinates: 47 ° 35 ′ 7 "  N , 10 ° 45 ′ 21"  E 47 ° 35 ′ 7 "  N , 10 ° 45 ′ 21"  E
Mouth height 785  m above sea level NN
Height difference 645 m
Bottom slope 65 ‰
length 10 km
Catchment area 24.27 km²
Left tributaries Vorgesäßgraben, Mänglesgraben
Right tributaries Köllebach, Deutenhauser Bach, Tegelberggraben, Hammergraben
Communities Schwangau

The Pöllat is an approximately ten kilometer long torrent in the Bavarian part of the Ammer Mountains . Below Neuschwanstein Castle, it flows through the gorge of the Pöllat Gorge, which is spanned at a height of 90 meters by the viewing platform of the Marienbrücke , which makes the brook particularly famous.

etymology

The name Pöllat is derived from the Celtic Bellat , which means something like "thundering brook".

geography

The Pöllat arises from the confluence of several source streams near the Jägeralpe ( 1430  m ), which is cultivated in summer, below the saddle between Hochblasse ( 1989  m ), Schäfersblasse ( 1764  m ) and Ochsenälpeleskopf ( 1905  m ). From there it first flows in a westerly direction to Bleckenau , 1167  m high , a former hunting lodge of King Ludwig II of Bavaria. It takes in the Köllebach from the right and passes the site of the Neuschwanstein meteorite , which fell here on April 6, 2002 at 10:20:18 pm  CEST . Behind the Bleckenau, the Pöllat takes a more north-westerly direction. Soon afterwards the Vorgesäßgraben flowing down from the Zunderkopf flows from the southwest (left) , from the Tegelberg side to the Deutenhauser Bach and Tegelberggraben. In the lower section of the high valley, known as youth , the Pöllat takes on the Mänglesgraben from the left, before falling over two waterfalls into the Pöllat Gorge between Neuschwanstein Castle and Tegelberg at the level of the Marienbrücke . The gorge-like section is accessed via a secured path that leads down from the height of the castle to the sawmill and dilapidated Schwangau gypsum mill at the exit of the gorge. In the further course the Pöllat loses its wild character and flows about three kilometers northwards until it flows into the outflow of the Bannwaldsee , the Mühlberger Ach , at Mühlberg . Shortly before the mouth, it takes on the Hammergraben as a right tributary. The waters of the Pöllat ultimately flow over the Lech and Danube into the Black Sea . The average gradient of the Pöllat is seven percent.

From the Marienbrücke over the Bleckenau to the Jägeralpe a partially paved road winds mostly parallel to the river through the high valley. This is closed to general traffic. In the summer season there is a bus connection between Hohenschwangau and Bleckenau several times a day .

Flood protection

The water flow in the Pöllat fluctuates greatly. Enormous masses of water can tumble down the torrent, especially after heavy rain events. In doing so, they often drag along large amounts of debris - stones, rubble and dead wood - that accumulate in narrow spaces and thus trigger blockages and floods . Such events in the past, for example on Whitsun 1999, resulted in major damage to the climbing and safety systems in the Pöllat Gorge and to bridges over the river. A 100-year flood of the Pöllat ( HQ100 ) is estimated with a discharge rate of 79 m³ / s.

Therefore, in autumn 2002 a wild wood rake was erected a little above the Marienbrücke , which consists of 21 steel columns poured with concrete, which tower above the river bed up to 4.5 m. The rake has a collection capacity of 10,000 m³ of floating debris. The catchment area above the barrage is 18.4 km².

Geotope

The Pöllatfall has been designated as an important geotope by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (Geotope number: 777R014).

Web links

Commons : Pöllat  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Driftwood catcher Pöllat / Wildbach. (PDF) Kempten Water Management Authority, accessed on August 8, 2012 .
  2. ↑ The Pöllat Gorge near Hohenschwangau ( Memento from March 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Neuschwanstein Castle is visited by around 1.2 million guests every year, cf. Press release of July 27, 2005 at www.schloesser.bayern.de , accessed on August 7, 2012.
  4. ↑ michael-helmer.de
  5. ↑ a b See the Bleckenau Hut homepage
  6. ↑ a b Wasserwirtschaftsamt Kempten: Water development and construction of a wild wood rake on the Pöllat torrent ( Memento from May 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Geotop Pöllatfall S from Neuschwanstein Castle (accessed on March 22, 2020).