Parc national du Mont-Tremblant
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Parc national du Mont-Tremblant
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 Rivière du Diable and Croches Falls |
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| location | MRC Antoine-Labelle , Les Laurentides and Matawinie in Québec (Canada) | |
| surface | 1510.1 km² | |
| WDPA ID | 66607 | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 26 ' N , 74 ° 21' W | |
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| Setup date | 01/12/1895 | |
| administration | Parcs Québec | |
The Parc national du Mont-Tremblant is a provincial park in the Canadian province of Québec . There, a corresponding Parc national but what in the other provinces as a provincial park ( Provincial Park is called).
It is located north of Mont-Tremblant , Saint-Donat and Saint-Côme in the administrative regions of Laurentides and Lanaudière . It is the oldest Parc national in Québec and with 1510 km² the largest in the province.
The park owes its name to the mountain Mont Tremblant . It is operated by the provincial government of Québec and its authority, Société des établissements de plein air du Québec (SÉPAQ). The purpose of the park is to protect a representative natural landscape in the south of the province.
geography
The 1510.1 km² park is located northeast of Mont-Tremblant and extends in the east to a little north of Saint-Côme and borders on the Réserve faunique Rouge-Matawin in the north and on Zec Lavigne in the east .
The park is divided into three main sectors: the valleys of the Rivière du Diable , the river Pimbina and the Rivière L'Assomption . The Secteur de la Diable can be reached via Autoroute 15 and Route 117 from Montréal , as well as via Route 323 from Ottawa . The Secteur de la Pimbina can be reached via route 125 from Saint-Donat . The Secteur de L'Assomption can be reached from Saint-Côme . There are other accesses to the park from La Macaza , from Labelle and from Saint-Michel-des-Saints .
geology
The park is located in the Province de Grenville , the oldest region of the Canadian Shield. Gneiss and granite predominate. Like all Canadian parks, this one was also strongly influenced by the last ice age. For example, large sand deposits can be found along rivers and lakes. Organic deposits, on the other hand, are thin and rare, such as on Lac des Cyprès.
Three river systems, the Rivière Rouge , the Rivière L'Assomption and the Rivière Matawin . In addition to Lake Cyprès, there are another 400 lakes in the area of the park, most of which are in the northern part.
history
The local Algonquians, the Weskarini, called the mountain Manitonga Soutana ( mountain of spirits (or the devil) ). They got caught in the fighting between the French and the British, the Algonquin and the Iroquois. They had to leave their area on the Rivière de la Petite Nation , but all but one man were killed by the Iroquois on the Petit Lac Nominingue .
Logging began in the 1850s. In 1895 a protected area was created due to plans for an extensive sanatorium. However, the provincial government preferred to have limited economic use of the park, which meant that trees were felled by 1981. In 1925 the reserve was expanded from 60 to 3108 km. In 1938 the American Joe Ryan set up a ski station on Mont-Tremblant. A research station was built in 1948, and in 1958 the first campsite was built on Lac Chat. It was followed by others along the Rivière du Diable and north of Saint-Donat. In 1961 the park was named Parc du Mont-Tremblant .
With the park law of 1977, the Loi sur les Parcs , industrial uses could be excluded. Initially, the park was named Parc de récréation , i.e. a recreational park. In 1990 the northern half became the Réserve faunique Rouge-Matawin. After long negotiations, the park was raised to Parc de Conservation in 2000 with slight changes in the boundary , an area that explicitly serves to preserve the existing condition. The Parc national du Mont-Tremblant was only created in 2001, as recreation is no longer given priority, as was customary until then.
Flora and fauna
Yellow birch and sugar maple thrive in the park . Towards the north, on the hills and in the valley of the Macaza, the balsam fir is increasingly prevalent. The Carcan and the Tremblant have a vegetation that changes with height, in the less high regions the red maple reaches its northernmost locations. There are also paper birch , American beech and American quivering poplar , American red spruce , black and white spruce , Canadian hemlock and American linden as well as the red oak .
Nine of the plant species known in the park are considered endangered, most of them around Lac Monroe. The last inventory, however, dates from the 1970s.
40 species of mammals live in the reserve, including elk , white-tailed deer , timber wolf , red fox , American black bear , snowshoe hare , tree squirrel ( Tamiasciurus hudsonicus ), Canadian beaver , muskrat , North American otter , American mink . The number of wolves is estimated at 35, they live in four or five packs. In the park they are protected from any hunting.
There are at least 194 species of birds in the park, including the ruffed grouse , thrushes , nuthatches , woodpeckers , then the great horned owl , here called Grand-duc d'Amérique, the barred owl and buzzards like Buteo platypterus. There are also hawk and osprey . Among the birds of prey, only the bald eagle is considered endangered.
At least 14 reptile species live in the park, including the bullfrog , which is called Ouaouaron here, then Lithobates clamitans, the greenish newt, American swimming snakes (Nerodia sipedon), whose populations have declined sharply, the forest turtle , which has also become rare, and the ornamental turtle .
After all, 29 species of fish are known, including pike and brook trout .
See also
literature
- The research scientifique dans les Parcs nationaux québécois. Priorités et potentiels de recherche , published by Parcs Québec and Sépaq, undated, pp. 108-133.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Biofilia. Consultant en Environnement (ed.): Program de caractérisation de la rivière du Diable, Ville de Mont-Tremblant, Québec , Ville de Mont-Tremblan, December 2004.
- ↑ This and the following from: Joseph Graham: Naming the Laurentians: A History of Place Names' up North , Québec: Les Editions Main Street Inc, 2005.
- ↑ Michel Hénault, Hélène Jolicoeur: Les Loups au Québec. Meutes et Mystères , Société de la faune et des parcs du Québec, Québec, June 2003, p. 35.