Partido Socialista (Argentina)

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Partido Socialista
logo
A. Bonfatti.jpg
Party leader Antonio Bonfatti
Secretary General Alfredo Lazzeretti
founding June 28, 1896
Place of foundation Buenos Aires
Headquarters Entre Ríos 488, Buenos Aires
Alignment Social democracy democratic socialism
Colours) red
Number of members 121,886 (2011)
International connections Socialist International
Progressive Alliance
COPPPAL
Website partidosocialista.com.ar

The Partido Socialista (Eng. "Socialist Party") is a social democratic Argentine party within the non-Peronist left political spectrum and has been cooperating with other center-left parties since 2011 in the Alliance Frente Amplio Progresista (Eng. "Broad Progressive Front").

The party, which was founded in 1896, was divided for a long time and only achieved major successes at the end of the 20th century; she has been the governor of the province of Santa Fe since 2007 . Many small left parties in Argentina are split offs from the party.

history

The party developed at the end of the 19th century from several associations of immigrant groups who came from Europe and were influenced by the ideals of socialist and anarchist thought leaders such as Karl Marx , Friedrich Engels and Michail Bakunin . The oldest of them was the German-speaking club Vorwärts , founded in Buenos Aires in 1881 , which emerged from the members of the first Argentine cooperative founded in 1871 . In 1891 the French-speaking association Les Egaux ( Eng . "The Same ") was founded with similar ideals . In the same year the Spanish-speaking workers 'association Sección Varia was founded , and in 1894 the Italian-speaking Fascio di Lavoratori (Eng. "Workers' Union") followed. During these years, the first socialist groups also emerged outside the capital.

The groups united in stages from 1894 to form the Partido Socialista Obrero Internacional (German: "International Socialist Workers' Party"), the first party congress took place in 1895; some important groups, such as the aforementioned club Vorwärts , were still missing. It was not until the following year, after the new party had already unsuccessfully participated in local elections in Buenos Aires, that the union succeeded with the meeting held on June 8th and 9th, 1896, in which the party statute was passed. Trade unions had now also joined the new party.

At first the party was ideologically shaped by Marxist socialism and the ideas of the class struggle . In the early years of the 20th century, however, reformist ideas began to gain the upper hand, and the party claimed to be active in the country's parliaments. The ideas of Juan Bautista Justo , who referred to the philosophy of positivism , but also to Eduard Bernstein's revisionism , played a major role . Despite the widespread election fraud at the time , the party succeeded in 1903 in placing the first candidate in the city council of San Nicolás de los Arroyos . In the election to the House of Representatives of the Republic in 1904, the party was able to record the first socialist member of a federal parliament in all of America, Alfredo Lorenzo Palacios .

After democracy had been introduced in Argentina by the Ley Sáenz Peña in 1913 , the successes of the new party increased. In the First World War, after a brief hesitation, it supported the Allies against the Central Powers and thus gave up the pacifist position of the Second International, not least with reference to Argentine trade interests. At the same time, the movement itself began to split into several sub-groups, some of which pursued reformist and partly revolutionary programs. In 1917, under the influence of the October Revolution in Russia , the supporters of a revolutionary solution split under the name Partido Socialista Internacional (Eng. "International Socialist Party"), this party was soon renamed Partido Comunista (Eng. Communist Party). In 1928 the right wing split off as the Partido Socialista Independiente (Eng. "Independent Socialist Party"). This party supported the conservative military coup in 1930 and, under the government of Agustín Pedro Justo , appointed the Minister of Agriculture, Antonio De Tomaso, from 1931 . However, the movement disbanded shortly afterwards and became part of the government's conservative leadership caste.

In the course of the 1930s there was another major split: from 1934 the Partido Socialista Obrero (Eng. "Socialist Workers' Party") was constituted from politically inconsistent opposition movements within the mother party, which worked with the Communist Party in some provinces and against it in others assumed conservative to openly anti-communist tendencies.

Some of these renegades supported Juan Perón in the election for president in 1946 and then joined the alliance of the Partido Justicialista . The Partido Socialista itself, however, was initially anti-peronist and formed the Unión Democrática (German: "Democratic Union") together with the parties against Perón . In 1952, however, a part turned around and supported Perón on behalf of the new party Partido Socialista de la Revolución Nacional (Eng. "Socialist Party of the National Revolution").

In 1958 there was another split, again between reformist and revolutionary groups. The reformist current called itself Partido Socialista Democrático (PSD, German Democratic Socialist Party), the revolutionary Partido Socialista Argentino (PSA, German “Argentine Socialist Party”). Further splits followed in the 1960s and 1970s, but these were short-lived and mostly merged with the left-Peronist movement. Parts of the PSD collaborated with the military dictatorship , which demonstrates the deep division of the movement at that time.

After the democratization in 1983, the Partido Socialista Democrático (PSD) and the Partido Socialista Popular (PSP, German: "People's Socialist Party") were the only parties left in the original socialist movement . The PSP was created in 1972 through the union of the PSA with the Movimiento de Acción Popular Argentino (MAPA, "Movement of the Argentine People's Action") and other smaller groups.

In order to prevent further divisions, the PSD reformed its party statute and allowed the establishment of sub-groups with diverging ideologies. More successful, however, was the PSP, which in 1989 became mayor of the city of Rosario , the third largest in Argentina, and which it still holds today.

In 2002 the PSD and PSP reunited to form today's Partido Socialista .

In the elections on September 2, 2007, the party won with Hermes Binner for the first time the governor post of a province in Santa Fe . It also won the majority for the first time in the city of Santa Fe. The post of mayor of Rosario could be retained.

In the 2009 congressional elections, the party cooperated with the UCR , the ARI and several small parties under the umbrella of the Alliance Acuerdo Cívico y Social (ACyS, "Social and Civic Agreement") . However, the alliance dissolved again in 2011.

In 2011, Antonio Bonfatti, another socialist, won the gubernatorial election of Santa Fe. In the same year Binner ran as a candidate for the presidential election and achieved second place behind Cristina Fernández de Kirchner with 16.8% . In the run-up to the election, the Alliance Frente Amplio Progresista (Eng. "Broad Progressive Front") was founded, in which, unlike the ACyS, the UCR was not involved.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ El Partido Socialista celebra 120 años con nuevas autoridades: Bonfatti asume la presidencia In: RufinoWeb . June 27, 2016, accessed July 3, 2016
  2. ↑ Binner asumió como presidente del Partido Socialista , parlamentario.com, May 17, 2012
  3. ↑ Afiliados ( Memento of the original from June 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 679 kB), information sheet on membership in political parties, 1st semester 2011. Official website of the Argentine federal justice system @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pjn.gov.ar
  4. ↑ See Lucas Poy: The Socialist Party of Argentina and the First World War , in: Yearbook for Research on the History of the Labor Movement , Volume II / 2014
  5. ↑ See Lucas Poy: The Socialist Party of Argentina and the First World War , in: Yearbook for Research on the History of the Labor Movement , Volume II / 2014
  6. ↑ Cf. Lucas Poy: The Socialist Party of Argentina and the First World War , in: Yearbook for Research on the History of the Labor Movement , Volume II / 2014, pp. 30 ff.
  7. ↑ Se Lanzo el Acuerdo Civico y Social , pagina12.com.ar , May 12th 2009
  8. ↑ Antonio Bonfatti Gano de Santa Fe y se Binner Proyecta a nivel nacional , perfil.com 25 July, 2011.
  9. ↑ CFK superó el 54 por ciento de los votos , Página / 12 , November 4, 2011.

Web links