Pavel Petrovich Malinovsky

Pavel Petrovich Malinowski ( Russian Павел Петрович Малиновский * April 24 ^{. Jul} / 6. May  1869 ^greg. In Nizhny Novgorod ; † 1. January 1943 in Moscow ) was a Russian architect and People's Commissar of RSFSR .

Life

Malinowski was one of 8 children of a Cantonist soldier a. D. , who worked as a primary school teacher, registry clerk, printer's proofreader and cantor . Malinowski attended the secondary school in Nizhny Novgorod free of charge from 1879 onwards. In addition, he gave lessons to support the family, carving and copying drawings. In 1887 he graduated from school with honors and began studying at the St. Petersburg Institute for Civil Engineering . There he took part in the political student movement and was enthusiastic about Marxism . In 1892 he graduated with a gold medal. According to Malinowski's project, a wooden dacha was built in Volodarsk in 1892 for the merchant Nikolai Alexandrovich Bugrov (now the Volodarsk District Museum).

After completing his studies, Malinowski was posted to the St. Petersburg port as an architect in the civil service. When he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the throne, he was dismissed and exiled to Kologriw . In 1893 Malinovsky returned to Nizhny Novgorod and worked as an architect in the city office. At first he supervised the construction of the city theater based on the project of the capital city architect and PIGI lecturer Viktor Schröter . To ensure the quality of the construction, Malinowski organized courses for the construction workers involved. He suggested improvements to the project, all of which were approved and implemented. Soon he was also involved in other projects, such as the restoration of the Dimitrios Tower of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin and the construction of facilities for the All-Russian Industrial and Crafts Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod in 1896 . In the 1890s he was involved in the construction of the Sheremetev Palace in Jurino in the Republic of Mari El together with Sergei Konstantinowitsch Rodionov and others.

Together with Maxim Gorky, Malinovsky founded the Society for the Dissemination of Education in the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate and developed model projects for the construction of schools.

Malinowski's first independent job was the design of the power plant , which served as a vestibule for the Pochwalinski funicular in Nizhny Novgorod. In the strongly grown Nizhny Novgorod district of Sormowo he built the Spasso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral in 1900-1903 and the administration building for the Sormowo factory in 1902, a three-story school building in 1902-1904, a three-story house for the employees in 1904 and the engineers' club in 1905 Employees.

In 1908 Malinowski went to Moscow and participated as Max Hoeppener's assistant in the construction of the Moscow tram . During the First World War , Malinowski built the Volkshaus , now Konovalov Palace of Culture, for the entrepreneur Alexander Iwanowitsch Konovalov in Witschuga from 1914 to 1915 .

After the October Revolution he headed the Mos Soviet Commission for the Protection and Preservation of Art Monuments and Antiquities in Moscow and worked as civil commissioner of the Moscow Kremlin . In 1918 he took over the office of People's Commissar for State Property of the Republic. From 1921 he worked in the Gosplan and then in various building organizations. He headed the Urban and Agricultural Construction Administration of the Moscow State Building Committee Komgossoora . In 1927 he built two houses in Nizhny Novgorod for the workers of the Sormovo factory. Around 1930 he became a member of the Council for Labor and Defense's Standardization Commission , where he developed standards and rules for building design.

Malinowski's wife Jelena Konstantinovna (1875–1942) was socially active and active in the theater. After the October Revolution, she was commissioner for the Moscow theaters and director of the Bolshoi Theater (1920, 1921–1924, 1930–1935). She was close friends with Maxim Gorky. Her daughter Jelena Pavlovna Malinovskaya (1899–1987) was a journalist .

Works

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  Volodarsk District Museum

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  Sheremetev Castle in Jurino

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  Spasso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, Nizhny Novgorod-Sormovo

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  Konovalov Palace of Culture, Witschuga

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} М. Шайхутдинова: Архитектор Павел Малиновский . Открытый текст (Нижегородское отделение Российского общества историков - архивистов), October 9, 2013 ( [1] [accessed on September 12, 2019]).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Nizhny Novgorod Library: Павел Петрович Малиновский (accessed September 12, 2019).
3. ↑ Достопримечательности города Володарск (Нижегородская область) (accessed September 12, 2019).
4. ↑ Фуникулеры Нижнего Новгорода: Похвалинский и Кремлевский (accessed September 12, 2019).
5. ↑ Вичугский некрополь на Новодевичьем. Часть 3. Великие и Вичуга (accessed September 12, 2019).
6. ↑ ^{a b} Казусь И. А .: Советская архитектура 1920-х годов: организация проектирования . Прогресс-Традиция, 2009, ISBN 5-89826-291-1 , p. 50, 218,300 .