Pain FitzJohn
Pain FitzJohn (also called Payn FitzJohn) († July 10, 1137 ) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman. By birth he came from the lower nobility, under Henry I he rose to one of the most powerful barons of the Welsh Marches .
origin
He was believed to be the eldest son of John FitzRichard, who came from the Avranchin in Normandy . His father owned little estates in Norfolk and Essex, and his younger brother Eustace FitzJohn served the king in northern England. His sister Adeliza later became abbess of Barking Abbey .
Rise under Heinrich I.
Pain presumably served at the court of Henry I until he married Sybil Talbot, a granddaughter of Walter de Lacy , in 1115 . Through his marriage he acquired estates at Longtown , Weobley and Ludlow in the western Midlands , and between 1123 and 1127 he became Sheriff of Herefordshire and in 1127 he succeeded Richard de Belmais as Sheriff of Shropshire . While Belmeis had administered the county from Shrewsbury , Pain moved his headquarters to Bridgnorth . In the next few years Pain was able to acquire other estates such as the Welsh Grosmont and Clifford and Wigmore in Herefordshire and consolidate his rule over Ludlow. To secure the border, he built the Painscastle named after him in Powys . 1128 delivered Maredudd ap Bleddyn , the Prince of Powys his nephew Llywelyn from Owain, who also had claims to the rule over Powys, to Pain, who imprisoned him in Bridgnorth Castle . Together with Miles de Gloucester , he was considered the most powerful baron of the Welsh Marches in the late reign of Henry I.
Support from Stephan von Blois and Tod
After King Henry's death on December 1, 1135, Pain attended the funeral in Reading and supported Stephen of Blois' claim to the throne . In April 1136 he was still in the wake of the king in Oxford, but then he returned to the Welsh border, where the Welsh after the death of Henry I. rebelled against English rule . In pursuit of Welsh raiders, he was ambushed on July 10, 1137 and killed by an arrow. He was buried in Gloucester Abbey .
progeny
He left two daughters, Cecily and Agnes. Cecily was married in 1137 to Roger , the eldest son of Miles de Gloucester, to whom King Stephen confirmed in 1137 the inheritance claim to the possessions of Pain. However, Roger was unable to enforce all of his claims against the husbands of Agnes and other heirs during the English Civil War .
The village of Painswick in Gloucestershire , which was one of his estates, was named after him.
literature
- JFA Mason: Pain fitz John. In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
Individual evidence
- ^ Paul Martin Remfry: The Castles and History of Radnorshire. Painscastle. Retrieved December 1, 2013 .
- ^ John Bailey: Origin of the Name of Painswick (The Painswick Chronicle, 1996). Retrieved December 1, 2013 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pain FitzJohn |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Payn FitzJohn; Pain fitz John |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Anglo-Norman nobleman and Marcher Lord |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 11th century or 12th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 10, 1137 |